C#利用性能计数器监控网络状态

本例是利用c#中的性能计数器（performancecounter）监控网络的状态。并能够直观的展现出来

涉及到的知识点：

performancecounter，表示 windows nt 性能计数器组件。nextvalue() 即获取计数器样本并为其返回计算所得值。performancecountercategory 表示性能对象，它定义性能计数器的类别。通过这两个即可得到计数器的信息。

chart 图表，vs自带的chart图表，大大简化了对图表的开发。关于chart，此前已有例子说明。

queue 队列表示对象的先进先出集合。关于queue此前已有例子说明。

treeview 显示标记项的分层集合，每个标记项用一个 system.windows.forms.treenode 来表示。即vs自带的树状菜单

timer 实现按用户定义的时间间隔引发事件的计时器。此计时器最宜用于 windows 窗体应用程序中，并且必须在窗口中使用。定时刷新计数器中的值。

效果图如下：

关于可用的计数器列表【计数器有很多，一级菜单是计数器的类别，二级菜单是计数器instancename,三级菜单是计数器名称】，如下图所示：

代码如下：

using system;
using system.collections.generic;
using system.componentmodel;
using system.data;
using system.drawing;
using system.linq;
using system.text;
using system.windows.forms;
using system.windows.forms.datavisualization.charting;
using system.diagnostics;

namespace demosharp
{
  public partial class networkmonitor : form
  {
    private performancecounter mcounter;//当前计数器

    private queue<double> dataqueue = new queue<double>(100);//初始化队列

    public networkmonitor()
    {
      initializecomponent();
      initcountercategory();
      initchart();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化计数器信息
    /// </summary>
    private void initcountercategory() {
      //获取所有的计数器类别
      var countercategories = performancecountercategory.getcategories().orderby(p=>p.categoryname);
      int i=0;
      foreach (var countercategory in countercategories) {
        //属于线程级别的不显示
        if (countercategory.categoryname == "thread") {
          continue;
        }
        //将信息绑定的treeview上
        this.tvcategory.checkboxes = true;
        this.tvcategory.nodes.add(countercategory.categoryname);
        string[] instancenames = countercategory.getinstancenames();
        int j = 0;
        foreach (var instancename in instancenames) {
          this.tvcategory.nodes[i].nodes.add(instancename);
          var counters = countercategory.getcounters(instancename).select(p=>string.format("{0}",p.countername));
          int k = 0;
          foreach (var counter in counters) {
            this.tvcategory.nodes[i].nodes[j].nodes.add(counter);
            k++;
          }
          j++;
        }
        i++;
      }
      //初始化counter
      performancecountercategory pccategory = new performancecountercategory("network interface");
      string[] inames = pccategory.getinstancenames();
      performancecounter[] pcounters = pccategory.getcounters(inames[0]);
      //给网络监控计数器赋值
      mcounter = pcounters[0];
      mcounter.nextvalue();//初始值
    }

     //<summary>
     //初始化图表
     //</summary>
    private void initchart()
    {
      //定义图表区域
      this.chart1.chartareas.clear();
      chartarea chartarea1 = new chartarea("c1");
      this.chart1.chartareas.add(chartarea1);
      //定义存储和显示点的容器
      this.chart1.series.clear();
      series series1 = new series("s1");
      series1.chartarea = "c1";
      this.chart1.series.add(series1);
      //设置图表显示样式
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.arrowstyle = axisarrowstyle.sharptriangle;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.title = "kkbps";//坐标轴的标题
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.textorientation = textorientation.rotated270;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.minimum = 0;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.maximum = 50;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.interval = 5;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisx.interval = 5;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisx.arrowstyle = axisarrowstyle.sharptriangle;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisx.title = "sec";
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisx.textorientation = textorientation.horizontal;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisx.majorgrid.linecolor = system.drawing.color.silver;
      this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.majorgrid.linecolor = system.drawing.color.silver;
      //设置标题
      this.chart1.titles.clear();
      this.chart1.titles.add("s01");
      this.chart1.titles[0].text = "xxx网络监控显示";
      this.chart1.titles[0].forecolor = color.royalblue;
      this.chart1.titles[0].font = new system.drawing.font("microsoft sans serif", 12f);
      //设置图表显示样式
      this.chart1.series[0].color = color.lightgreen;
      this.chart1.series[0].charttype = seriescharttype.area;//图表形状
      this.chart1.series[0].points.clear();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 启动定时器
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void btnstart_click(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      this.timer1.start();
      
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 停止定时器
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void btnstop_click(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      this.timer1.stop();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 定时执行函数
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void timer1_tick(object sender, eventargs e)
    {
      updatequeuevalue();
      this.chart1.series[0].points.clear();
      if (dataqueue.max() > this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.maximum) {
        this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.maximum = math.ceiling(dataqueue.max() / 10) * 10;
        this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.interval = this.chart1.chartareas[0].axisy.maximum / 10;
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < dataqueue.count; i++)
      {
        this.chart1.series[0].points.addxy((i + 1), dataqueue.elementat(i));
      }
    }

     //更新队列中的值
    private void updatequeuevalue()
    {

      if (dataqueue.count > 100)
      {
        dataqueue.dequeue();
      }
      //获取的值就byte/s 所以要除以1024
      dataqueue.enqueue(mcounter.nextvalue() / (1024));

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 当选中复选框时发生
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void tvcategory_aftercheck(object sender, treevieweventargs e)
    {
      bool flag = e.node.checked;//取得选中状态，所有子节点的状态保持一致
      checkedstated(e.node.nodes, flag);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 采用递归方法修改节点的选中状态
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="nodes"></param>
    /// <param name="flag"></param>
    private void checkedstated(treenodecollection nodes,bool flag) {
      
      if (nodes != null)
      {
        foreach (treenode node in nodes)
        {
          node.checked = flag;
          checkedstated(node.nodes, flag);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

备注：性能计数器类别获取出现异常的解决方案：

在cmd命令窗口中，执行 lodctr /r 重置性能计数器。如下图所示：

如果依然不行，尝试以管理员身份运行【勾上】，如下图所示：

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