在不同Activity之间传递数据的四种常用方法

在android中传递数据的方法非常多，本次介绍4中比较常用的数据传递方法：

1.通过intent传递数据

2.通过静态变量（static）传递数据

3.通过剪贴板（clipboard）传递数据

4.通过全局对象传递数据

在transmitdataactivity.java中

package mobile.android.transmit.data;
public class transmitdataactivity extends activity {
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.main);
button button1=(button)findviewbyid(r.id.button1);
button button2=(button)findviewbyid(r.id.button2);
button button3=(button)findviewbyid(r.id.button3);
button button4=(button)findviewbyid(r.id.button4);
button1.setonclicklistener(new buttonlistenner());
button2.setonclicklistener(new buttonlistenner());
button3.setonclicklistener(new buttonlistenner());
button4.setonclicklistener(new buttonlistenner());
}
class buttonlistenner implements onclicklistener{
@suppresslint("newapi")
@override
public void onclick(view view) {
intent intent=null;
switch (view.getid()) {
case r.id.button1:
intent=new intent(transmitdataactivity.this,myactivity1.class);
//保存string类型的值
intent.putextra("intent_string", "通过intent传递的字符串");
//保存integer类型的值
intent.putextra("intent_integer", 300);
data data=new data();
data.id=1000;
data.name="android";
//保存可序列化的对象
intent.putextra("intent_object", data);
//显示用于接收数据的activity
startactivity(intent);
break;
case r.id.button2:
intent=new intent();
intent.setclass(transmitdataactivity.this, myactivity2.class);
//下面的代码为myactivity2中放入三个静态变量赋值
myactivity2.id=3000;
myactivity2.name="保时捷";
myactivity2.data=new data();
myactivity2.data.id=5555;
myactivity2.name="android";
startactivity(intent);
break;
case r.id.button3:
intent=new intent(transmitdataactivity.this,myactivity3.class);
//获取剪贴板对象（clipboardmanager）
clipboardmanager clipboard=(clipboardmanager) getsystemservice(context.clipboard_service);
//创建data对象
data clipboarddata=new data();
//设置data对象中字段的值
clipboarddata.id=6666;
clipboarddata.name="通过clipboard传递的数据";
//创建字节数组输出流对象，用于将data对象转换为字节流
bytearrayoutputstream baos=new bytearrayoutputstream();
//用于保存data对象生成base64格式的字符串
string base64str="";
try {
objectoutputstream oos=new objectoutputstream(baos);
//将data对象写入对象输出流
oos.writeobject(clipboarddata);
//将字节流进行base64编码
base64str=base64.encodetostring(baos.tobytearray(), base64.default);
oos.close();
} catch (ioexception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
}
//获取存储文本数据的剪贴板数据对象（clipdata）
clipdata clipdata=clipdata.newplaintext("data", base64str);
//设置主剪贴板
clipboard.setprimaryclip(clipdata);
//显示myactivity3窗口
startactivity(intent);
break;
case r.id.button4:
//获取myapp对象
myapp myapp=(myapp) getapplicationcontext();
myapp.country="美国";
myapp.data.id=1234;
myapp.data.name="飞碟";
intent=new intent(transmitdataactivity.this,myactivity4.class);
startactivity(intent);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
}

data类：这个类是可序列化的，也就是实现了java.io.serializable接口的类。

package mobile.android.transmit.data;
import java.io.serializable;
public class data implements serializable{
public int id;
public string name;
}

在myactivity1.java中：package mobile.android.transmit.data;

public class myactivity1 extends activity{
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
// todo auto-generated method stub
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.myactivity);
textview textview=(textview)findviewbyid(r.id.textview);
//获得string类型的值
string intentstring=getintent().getstringextra("intent_string");
//获得integer类型的值
int intentinteger=getintent().getextras().getint("intent_integer");
//获得data类型的值
data data=(data) getintent().getextras().get("intent_object");
stringbuffer sb=new stringbuffer();
sb.append("intent_string:");
sb.append(intentstring);
sb.append("\n");
sb.append("intent_integer:");
sb.append(intentinteger);
sb.append("\n");
sb.append("data.id:");
sb.append(data.id);
sb.append("\n");
sb.append("data.name:");
sb.append(data.name);
sb.append("\n");
//在屏幕上输出传递过来的值
textview.settext(sb.tostring());
}
}

在myactivity2.java中：

package mobile.android.transmit.data;
public class myactivity2 extends activity{
public static string name;
public static int id;
public static data data;
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
// todo auto-generated method stub
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.myactivity);
textview textview=(textview)findviewbyid(r.id.textview);
stringbuffer sb=new stringbuffer();
sb.append("name:");
sb.append(name);
sb.append("\n");
sb.append("id:");
sb.append(id);
sb.append("\n");
sb.append("data.id:");
sb.append(data.id);
sb.append("\n");
sb.append("data.name:");
sb.append(data.name);
sb.append("\n");
textview.settext(sb.tostring());
}
}

在myactivity3中：

package mobile.android.transmit.data;
public class myactivity3 extends activity{
@suppresslint("newapi")
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
// todo auto-generated method stub
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.myactivity);
textview textview=(textview)findviewbyid(r.id.textview);
//获取剪贴板对象
clipboardmanager clipboardmanager=(clipboardmanager) getsystemservice(context.clipboard_service);
//从剪贴板中获取base64编码字符串
string base64str=clipboardmanager.getprimaryclip().getitemat(0).gettext().tostring();
//将base64编码字符串编码成字节数组
byte[] buffer=base64.decode(base64str, base64.default);
bytearrayinputstream bais=new bytearrayinputstream(buffer);
try {
objectinputstream ois=new objectinputstream(bais);
//将字节流还原成data对象
data data=(data) ois.readobject();
//将base64编码原文和data对象字段值显示在textview控件中
textview.settext(base64str+"\n\ndata.id:"+data.id+"\ndata.name:"+data.name);
} catch (exception e) {
e.printstacktrace();
} 
}
}

在myactivity4.java中：

package mobile.android.transmit.data;
import android.app.activity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.widget.textview;
public class myactivity4 extends activity{
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
// todo auto-generated method stub
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.myactivity);
textview textview=(textview) findviewbyid(r.id.textview);
myapp myapp=(myapp) getapplicationcontext();
textview.settext("myapp.country:"+myapp.country+"\nmyapp.data.id:"+myapp.data.id+"\nmyapp.data.name:"+myapp.data.name);
}
}

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