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Ural 1029 Ministry 题解

程序员文章站 2024-01-27 10:47:22
Ural 1029 Ministry 题解 [TOC] 题意 给定一个$n\times m(1\le n \le10,1\le m \le500)$的矩阵,矩阵中的每个值都是一个小于等于$10^9$的正整数。 现在从第$1$行的任意位置开始,在第$n$行的任意位置结束。每次有$3$种移动选择(不能移 ......

ural 1029 ministry 题解

题意

给定一个\(n\times m(1\le n \le10,1\le m \le500)\)的矩阵,矩阵中的每个值都是一个小于等于\(10^9\)的正整数。

现在从第\(1\)行的任意位置开始,在第\(n\)行的任意位置结束。每次有\(3\)种移动选择(不能移动到矩阵外)。

设当前位置为\((i,j)\)

  • 移动到\((i+1,j)\)

  • 移动到\((i,j-1)\)

  • 移动到\((i,j+1)\)

每条路径的价值是路径走过所有的位置上的值的和(小于等于\(10^9\))。

问在所有路径中,路径价值最小的,输出这条路径所有位置的列号。

题解

考虑记忆化搜索(dp也可以)。

对于每个点,记忆化搜索可以移动到它的\(3\)种位置,取最小值即可,顺便记录一下路径。

也可以无脑最短路。

tips:

  1. wa\(1\)的同学不要着急,test\(1\)并不是样例,仔细找找有没有错误。

  2. \((i,j)\)的答案为\(dp(i,j)\),矩阵中的值为\(a(i,j)\),状态转移方程如果是\(dp(i,j)=\min\{dp(i-1,j),dp(i,j-1),dp(i,j+1) \}+a(i,j)\)可能会wa\(1\),改为\(dp(i,j)=\min\{dp(i-1,j)+a(i,j),dp(i,j-1)+a(i,j),dp(i,j+1)+a(i,j) \}\)即可ac。目前并不知道原因(我太弱了),如果有知道的可以在评论区留言,谢谢!

程序

ac

// #pragma gcc optimize(2)
// #pragma g++ optimize(2)
// #pragma comment(linker,"/stack:102400000,102400000")

// #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <list>
#include <array>
#include <cfenv>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#include <deque>
#include <mutex>
#include <queue>
#include <ratio>
#include <regex>
#include <stack>
#include <tuple>
#include <atomic>
#include <bitset>
#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cfloat>
#include <chrono>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cwchar>
#include <future>
#include <limits>
#include <locale>
#include <memory>
#include <random>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>
#include <cassert>
#include <climits>
#include <clocale>
#include <complex>
#include <csetjmp>
#include <csignal>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctgmath>
#include <cwctype>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <numeric>
#include <sstream>
#include <ccomplex>
#include <cstdbool>
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <valarray>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <cstdalign>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <typeindex>
#include <functional>
#include <forward_list>
#include <system_error>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <scoped_allocator>
#include <condition_variable>
// #include <conio.h>
// #include <windows.h>
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned int ui;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef float fl;
typedef double ld;
typedef long double ld;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;
#if (win32) || (win64) || (__win32) || (__win64) || (_win32) || (_win64) || (windows)
#define lld "%i64d"
#define llu "%i64u"
#else
#define lld "%lld"
#define llu "%llu"
#endif
#define ui(n) ((unsigned int)(n))
#define ll(n) ((long long)(n))
#define ull(n) ((unsigned long long)(n))
#define fl(n) ((float)(n))
#define ld(n) ((double)(n))
#define ld(n) ((long double)(n))
#define char(n) ((char)(n))
#define bool(n) ((bool)(n))
#define fixpoint(n) fixed<<setprecision(n)

const int inf=1061109567;
const int ninf=-1044266559;
const ll linf=4557430888798830399;
const ld eps=1e-15;
#define mod (1000000007)
#define pi (3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971)

/*
#define mb_len_max 5
#define shrt_min (-32768)
#define shrt_max 32767
#define ushrt_max 0xffffu
#define int_min (-2147483647 - 1)
#define int_max 2147483647
#define uint_max 0xffffffffu
#define long_min (-2147483647l - 1)
#define long_max 2147483647l
#define ulong_max 0xfffffffful
#define llong_max 9223372036854775807ll
#define llong_min (-9223372036854775807ll - 1)
#define ullong_max 0xffffffffffffffffull
*/

#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple
#define all(a) (a).begin(),(a).end()
#define pall(a) (a).rbegin(),(a).rend()
#define log2(x) log(x)/log(2)
#define log(x,y) log(x)/log(y)
#define sz(a) ((int)(a).size())
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<((int)(n));i++)
#define rep1(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=((int)(n));i++)
#define repa(i,a,n) for(int i=((int)(a));i<((int)(n));i++)
#define repa1(i,a,n) for(int i=((int)(a));i<=((int)(n));i++)
#define repd(i,n) for(int i=((int)(n))-1;i>=0;i--)
#define repd1(i,n) for(int i=((int)(n));i>=1;i--)
#define repda(i,n,a) for(int i=((int)(n));i>((int)(a));i--)
#define repda1(i,n,a) for(int i=((int)(n));i>=((int)(a));i--)
#define for(i,a,n,step) for(int i=((int)(a));i<((int)(n));i+=((int)(step)))
#define repv(itr,v) for(__typeof((v).begin()) itr=(v).begin();itr!=(v).end();itr++)
#define repv(i,v) for(auto i:v)
#define repe(i,v) for(auto &i:v)
#define ms(x,y) memset(x,y,sizeof(x))
#define mc(x) ms(x,0)
#define minf(x) ms(x,63)
#define mcp(x,y) memcpy(x,y,sizeof(y))
#define sqr(x) ((x)*(x))
#define un(v) sort(all(v)),v.erase(unique(all(v)),v.end())
#define filein(x) freopen(x,"r",stdin)
#define fileout(x) freopen(x,"w",stdout)
#define fileio(x)\
    freopen(x".in","r",stdin);\
    freopen(x".out","w",stdout)
#define filein2(filename,name) ifstream name(filename,ios::in)
#define fileout2(filename,name) ofstream name(filename,ios::out)
#define file(filename,name) fstream name(filename,ios::in|ios::out)
#define pause system("pause")
#define cls system("cls")
#define fs first
#define sc second
#define pc(x) putchar(x)
#define gc(x) x=getchar()
#define endl pc('\n')
#define sf scanf
#define pf printf

inline int read()
{
    int x=0,w=0;char ch=0;while(!isdigit(ch)){w|=ch=='-';ch=getchar();}while(isdigit(ch))x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(ch^48),ch=getchar();
    return w?-x:x;
}
inline void write(int x){if(x<0)putchar('-'),x=-x;if(x>9)write(x/10);putchar(x%10+'0');}

inline ll powmod(ll a,ll b){ll res=1;a%=mod;assert(b>=0);for(;b;b>>=1){if(b&1)res=res*a%mod;a=a*a%mod;}return res%mod;}
inline ll gcdll(ll a,ll b){return b?gcdll(b,a%b):a;}
const int dx[]={0,1,0,-1,1,-1,-1,1};
const int dy[]={1,0,-1,0,-1,-1,1,1};
/************************************************************begin************************************************************/
const int maxn=110,maxm=510;

int n,m,a[maxn][maxm],dp[maxn][maxm];
pair<int,int> pre[maxn][maxm];

inline int sol(int x,int y)
{
    if(y<1||y>m) return dp[x][y]=inf;
    if(dp[x][y]!=-1) return dp[x][y]; else dp[x][y]=0;

    int res=sol(x-1,y)+a[x][y];
    dp[x][y]=res;
    pre[x][y]={x-1,y};

    res=sol(x,y-1)+a[x][y];
    if(res<dp[x][y])
    {
        dp[x][y]=res;
        pre[x][y]={x,y-1};
    }

    res=sol(x,y+1)+a[x][y];
    if(res<dp[x][y])
    {
        dp[x][y]=res;
        pre[x][y]={x,y+1};
    }

    return dp[x][y];
}

inline void print(int x,int y)
{
    if(x>1) print(pre[x][y].fs,pre[x][y].sc);
    cout<<y<<' ';
}

int main()
{
    cin>>n>>m;
    rep1(i,n) rep1(j,m) cin>>a[i][j];

    ms(dp,-1);
    rep1(j,m) dp[1][j]=a[1][j];

    int ans=1;
    rep1(j,m) if(sol(n,j)<sol(n,ans)) ans=j;
    
    print(n,ans);

    return 0;
}
/*************************************************************end**************************************************************/

wa\(1\)程序

// #pragma gcc optimize(2)
// #pragma g++ optimize(2)
// #pragma comment(linker,"/stack:102400000,102400000")

// #include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <list>
#include <array>
#include <cfenv>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#include <deque>
#include <mutex>
#include <queue>
#include <ratio>
#include <regex>
#include <stack>
#include <tuple>
#include <atomic>
#include <bitset>
#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cfloat>
#include <chrono>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cwchar>
#include <future>
#include <limits>
#include <locale>
#include <memory>
#include <random>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>
#include <cassert>
#include <climits>
#include <clocale>
#include <complex>
#include <csetjmp>
#include <csignal>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctgmath>
#include <cwctype>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <numeric>
#include <sstream>
#include <ccomplex>
#include <cstdbool>
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <valarray>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <cstdalign>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <typeindex>
#include <functional>
#include <forward_list>
#include <system_error>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <scoped_allocator>
#include <condition_variable>
// #include <conio.h>
// #include <windows.h>
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned int ui;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef float fl;
typedef double ld;
typedef long double ld;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;
#if (win32) || (win64) || (__win32) || (__win64) || (_win32) || (_win64) || (windows)
#define lld "%i64d"
#define llu "%i64u"
#else
#define lld "%lld"
#define llu "%llu"
#endif
#define ui(n) ((unsigned int)(n))
#define ll(n) ((long long)(n))
#define ull(n) ((unsigned long long)(n))
#define fl(n) ((float)(n))
#define ld(n) ((double)(n))
#define ld(n) ((long double)(n))
#define char(n) ((char)(n))
#define bool(n) ((bool)(n))
#define fixpoint(n) fixed<<setprecision(n)

const int inf=1061109567;
const int ninf=-1044266559;
const ll linf=4557430888798830399;
const ld eps=1e-15;
#define mod (1000000007)
#define pi (3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971)

/*
#define mb_len_max 5
#define shrt_min (-32768)
#define shrt_max 32767
#define ushrt_max 0xffffu
#define int_min (-2147483647 - 1)
#define int_max 2147483647
#define uint_max 0xffffffffu
#define long_min (-2147483647l - 1)
#define long_max 2147483647l
#define ulong_max 0xfffffffful
#define llong_max 9223372036854775807ll
#define llong_min (-9223372036854775807ll - 1)
#define ullong_max 0xffffffffffffffffull
*/

#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple
#define all(a) (a).begin(),(a).end()
#define pall(a) (a).rbegin(),(a).rend()
#define log2(x) log(x)/log(2)
#define log(x,y) log(x)/log(y)
#define sz(a) ((int)(a).size())
#define rep(i,n) for(int i=0;i<((int)(n));i++)
#define rep1(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=((int)(n));i++)
#define repa(i,a,n) for(int i=((int)(a));i<((int)(n));i++)
#define repa1(i,a,n) for(int i=((int)(a));i<=((int)(n));i++)
#define repd(i,n) for(int i=((int)(n))-1;i>=0;i--)
#define repd1(i,n) for(int i=((int)(n));i>=1;i--)
#define repda(i,n,a) for(int i=((int)(n));i>((int)(a));i--)
#define repda1(i,n,a) for(int i=((int)(n));i>=((int)(a));i--)
#define for(i,a,n,step) for(int i=((int)(a));i<((int)(n));i+=((int)(step)))
#define repv(itr,v) for(__typeof((v).begin()) itr=(v).begin();itr!=(v).end();itr++)
#define repv(i,v) for(auto i:v)
#define repe(i,v) for(auto &i:v)
#define ms(x,y) memset(x,y,sizeof(x))
#define mc(x) ms(x,0)
#define minf(x) ms(x,63)
#define mcp(x,y) memcpy(x,y,sizeof(y))
#define sqr(x) ((x)*(x))
#define un(v) sort(all(v)),v.erase(unique(all(v)),v.end())
#define filein(x) freopen(x,"r",stdin)
#define fileout(x) freopen(x,"w",stdout)
#define fileio(x)\
    freopen(x".in","r",stdin);\
    freopen(x".out","w",stdout)
#define filein2(filename,name) ifstream name(filename,ios::in)
#define fileout2(filename,name) ofstream name(filename,ios::out)
#define file(filename,name) fstream name(filename,ios::in|ios::out)
#define pause system("pause")
#define cls system("cls")
#define fs first
#define sc second
#define pc(x) putchar(x)
#define gc(x) x=getchar()
#define endl pc('\n')
#define sf scanf
#define pf printf

inline int read()
{
    int x=0,w=0;char ch=0;while(!isdigit(ch)){w|=ch=='-';ch=getchar();}while(isdigit(ch))x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(ch^48),ch=getchar();
    return w?-x:x;
}
inline void write(int x){if(x<0)putchar('-'),x=-x;if(x>9)write(x/10);putchar(x%10+'0');}

inline ll powmod(ll a,ll b){ll res=1;a%=mod;assert(b>=0);for(;b;b>>=1){if(b&1)res=res*a%mod;a=a*a%mod;}return res%mod;}
inline ll gcdll(ll a,ll b){return b?gcdll(b,a%b):a;}
const int dx[]={0,1,0,-1,1,-1,-1,1};
const int dy[]={1,0,-1,0,-1,-1,1,1};
/************************************************************begin************************************************************/
const int maxn=110,maxm=510;

int n,m,a[maxn][maxm],dp[maxn][maxm];
pair<int,int> pre[maxn][maxm];

inline int sol(int x,int y)
{
    if(y<1||y>m) return dp[x][y]=inf;
    if(dp[x][y]!=-1) return dp[x][y]; else dp[x][y]=0;

    int res=sol(x-1,y);
    dp[x][y]=res;
    pre[x][y]={x-1,y};

    res=sol(x,y-1);
    if(res<dp[x][y])
    {
        dp[x][y]=res;
        pre[x][y]={x,y-1};
    }

    res=sol(x,y+1);
    if(res<dp[x][y])
    {
        dp[x][y]=res;
        pre[x][y]={x,y+1};
    }

    dp[x][y]+=a[x][y];
    return dp[x][y];
}

inline void print(int x,int y)
{
    if(x>1) print(pre[x][y].fs,pre[x][y].sc);
    cout<<y<<' ';
}

int main()
{
    cin>>n>>m;
    rep1(i,n) rep1(j,m) cin>>a[i][j];

    ms(dp,-1);
    rep1(j,m) dp[1][j]=a[1][j];

    int ans=1;
    rep1(j,m) if(sol(n,j)<sol(n,ans)) ans=j;
    
    print(n,ans);

    return 0;
}
/*************************************************************end**************************************************************/