linux下Elasticsearch安装设置Elasticsearch教程

设置Elasticsearch

本节包含有关如何设置Elasticsearch并使其运行的信息，其中包括：

下载 安装 开始 配置

支持的平台

正式支持的操作系统和JVM的矩阵可在此处获得： 支持矩阵。Elasticsearch在列出的平台上进行了测试，但它也可能在其他平台上工作。

Java（JVM）版本编辑

Elasticsearch是使用Java构建的，并且至少需要 Java 8 才能运行。只有Oracle的Java和OpenJDK被支持。所有Elasticsearch节点和客户端都应该使用相同的JVM版本。

我们建议在Java 8发行版系列中安装Java版本1.8.0_131或更高版本。我们建议使用 受支持的 LTS版本的Java。如果使用已知的Java版本，Elasticsearch将拒绝启动。

Elasticsearch将使用的Java版本可以通过设置JAVA_HOME环境变量进行配置。

安装Elasticsearch 编辑

Elasticsearch以下列软件包格式提供：

zip/tar.gz	在zip和tar.gz包适合安装在任何系统上，并且是入门Elasticsearch在大多数系统中最容易的选择。 使用.zip或.tar.gz安装Elasticsearch或在Windows上安装Elasticsearch.zip
deb	该deb软件包适用于Debian，Ubuntu和其他基于Debian的系统。Debian软件包可以从Elasticsearch网站下载，也可以从我们的Debian仓库下载。 用Debian软件包安装Elasticsearch
rpm	该rpm软件包适合安装在Red Hat，Centos，SLES，OpenSuSE和其他基于RPM的系统上。RPM可以从Elasticsearch网站或从我们的RPM存储库下载。 用RPM安装Elasticsearch
msi	该msi软件包适用于安装至少安装了.NET 4.5框架的Windows 64位系统，是Windows上Elasticsearch入门的最简单的选择。MSI可以从Elasticsearch网站下载。 使用Windows MSI安装程序安装Elasticsearch
docker	图像可用于运行Elasticsearch作为Docker容器。它们可以从Elastic Docker Registry中下载。默认图像附带 预装的X-Pack。 用Docker安装Elasticsearch

配置管理工具编辑 我们还提供以下配置管理工具来帮助大型部署：

Puppet	puppet-elasticsearch
Chef	cookbook-elasticsearch
Ansible	ansible-elasticsearch

使用.zip 或者.tar.gz安装Elasticsearch

Elasticsearch是.zip作为一个.tar.gz包装提供的。这些软件包可用于在任何系统上安装Elasticsearch，并且是试用Elasticsearch时最简单的软件包格式。

Elasticsearch的最新稳定版本可以在 下载Elasticsearch页面找到。其他版本可以在“ 过去的版本”页面找到。

注意

Elasticsearch需要Java 8或更高版本。使用 官方的Oracle发行版 或OpenJDK等开源发行版。

下载并安装.zip软件包编辑

.zipElasticsearch v6.2.0 的存档可以下载并安装，如下所示：

wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.0.zip
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.0.zip.sha512
shasum -a 512 -c elasticsearch-6.2.0.zip.sha512 
unzip elasticsearch-6.2.0.zip
cd elasticsearch-6.2.0/ 

比较下载的.zip存档的SHA 和应该输出的发布的校验和 elasticsearch-{version}.zip: OK。

这个目录被称为$ES_HOME。

下载并安装.tar.gz软件包

.tar.gzElasticsearch v6.2.0 的存档可以下载并安装，如下所示：

wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz.sha512
shasum -a 512 -c elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz.sha512 
tar -xzf elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz
cd elasticsearch-6.2.0/ 

比较下载的.tar.gz存档的SHA 和应该输出的发布的校验和 elasticsearch-{version}.tar.gz: OK。

这个目录被称为$ES_HOME。

我是下载后离线安装

我是root用户：

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz -C /opt/moudles/

[2018-02-08T14:31:43,598][ERROR][o.e.b.Bootstrap          ] Exception
java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:105) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:323) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:121) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:112) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) [elasticsearch-cli-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) [elasticsearch-cli-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:85) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
[2018-02-08T14:31:43,610][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:125) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:112) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-cli-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:85) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:105) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:323) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:121) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    ... 6 more

解决1：（未成功）

1.启动 elasticsearch 如出现异常 can not run elasticsearch as root

解决方法：创建ES 账户，修改文件夹 文件 所属用户 组

删除掉刚刚的es

# rm -rf /opt/moudles/elasticsearch-6.2.0
# groupadd ES
# useradd ES -g ES
# tar -zxvf elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz -C /opt/moudles/
# chgrp -R ES elasticsearch-6.2.0/
# chown -R ES elasticsearch-6.2.0/
# bin/elasticsearch
仍然报错

解决2：（未成功）

下载ES安装包elasticsearch-5.6.3.zip 在usr 目录下创建了es文件夹，将安装包上传到里面，解压 unzip elasticsearch-5.6.3.zip cd 进入 elasticsearch-5.6.3 文件里面

创建ES用户和组（创建elsearch用户组及elsearch用户），因为使用root用户执行ES程序，将会出现错误；所以这里需要创建单独的用户去执行ES 文件；命令如下：

命令一：groupadd elsearch 命令二：useradd elsearch -g elsearch 命令三： tar -zxvf elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz -C /opt/moudles/ 命令四：chown -R elsearch:elsearch elasticsearch-5.6.3

该命令是更改该文件夹下所属的用户组的权限

创建ES数据文件和日志文件，直接在root用户根目录一下创建就可以了

      命令一：mkdir /opt/moudles/elasticsearch-6.2.0_data
      命令二：chown -R elsearch:elsearch /opt/moudles/elasticsearch-6.2.0_data/
      命令三：su - elsearch 
      命令四：mkdir -p /opt/moudles/elasticsearch-6.2.0_data/data
      命令五：mkdir -p /opt/moudles/elasticsearch-6.2.0_data/logs

修改ES配置文件，使用cd命令进入到config 文件下，执行 vi elasticsearch.yml 命令，如图所示，本人没有配置集群，只是简单的配置了一下；详细说明可以参考官网

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
#cluster.name: my-application
cluster.name: myapplication
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
#node.name: node-1
node.name: my_lcc_node_one
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
#node.attr.rack: r1
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
#path.data: /path/to/data
path.data: /opt/moudles/elasticsearch-6.2.0_data/es/data/

# Path to log files:
#
#path.logs: /path/to/logs
#
path.logs: /opt/moudles/elasticsearch-6.2.0_data/es/data/


# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
bootstrap.memory_lock: false
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false

#
 Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
#network.host: 192.168.0.1
network.host: 192.168.10.173
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
#http.port: 9200
http.port: 9200
#
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
#discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["host1", "host2"]
#
# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
#
#discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 
#
# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true

执行ES文件，进入到bin 目录下执行 ./elasticsearch 命令就可以了，执行 ./elasticesrarch -d 是后台运行 ， 如果没有什么问题话，就可以安全生成了；然后执行curl ‘https://自己配置的IP地址:9200/’ 命令，就出现下面的结果

# curl -X GET https://localhost:9200

{
  "name" : "dRoj17S",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "kN_fnGlHTkSY4wjpRCqNNA",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "6.2.0",
    "build_hash" : "37cdac1",
    "build_date" : "2018-02-01T17:31:12.527918Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "7.2.1",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

但是我的报错

解决3：（未成功）

异常描述为不能以root权限运行Elasticsearch.解决办法是运行时加上参数：

bin/elasticsearch -Des.insecure.allow.root=true

或者修改bin/elasticsearch，加上ES_JAVA_OPTS属性：

ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Des.insecure.allow.root=true"

保存之后重启Elasticsearch。

解决4：（成功）

root# useradd es
root# passwd es
root# mkdir /home/es
root#  chown es:es /home/es
root# cd /home/es/
root# mkdir elasticsearch
root# tar -zxvf /opt/software/elasticsearch-6.2.0.tar.gz -C /home/es/elasticsearch/
root# chown -R es:es /home/es/elasticsearch/
root# su es
es# cd /home/es/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.0/
es# bin/elasticsearch

运行如下

[2018-02-08T18:07:35,077][WARN ][o.e.b.JNANatives         ] unable to install syscall filter: 
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: seccomp unavailable: requires kernel 3.5+ with CONFIG_SECCOMP and CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER compiled in
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.SystemCallFilter.linuxImpl(SystemCallFilter.java:328) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.SystemCallFilter.init(SystemCallFilter.java:616) ~[elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.JNANatives.tryInstallSystemCallFilter(JNANatives.java:258) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Natives.tryInstallSystemCallFilter(Natives.java:113) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:110) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:323) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:121) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:112) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) [elasticsearch-cli-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) [elasticsearch-cli-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:85) [elasticsearch-6.2.0.jar:6.2.0]
[2018-02-08T18:07:35,493][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [] initializing ...
[2018-02-08T18:07:35,724][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [dRoj17S] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (rootfs)]], net usable_space [7.4gb], net total_space [25.4gb], types [rootfs]
[2018-02-08T18:07:35,724][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [dRoj17S] heap size [1007.3mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]
[2018-02-08T18:07:35,728][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] node name [dRoj17S] derived from node ID [dRoj17SdQ12H6bAgF_jfLw]; set [node.name] to override
[2018-02-08T18:07:35,729][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] version[6.2.0], pid[21222], build[37cdac1/2018-02-01T17:31:12.527918Z], OS[Linux/2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64/amd64], JVM[Oracle Corporation/Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM/1.8.0_121/25.121-b13]
[2018-02-08T18:07:35,729][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] JVM arguments [-Xms1g, -Xmx1g, -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC, -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75, -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly, -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch, -Xss1m, -Djava.awt.headless=true, -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8, -Djna.nosys=true, -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow, -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true, -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true, -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0, -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false, -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true, -Djava.io.tmpdir=/tmp/elasticsearch.AuexHKPB, -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, -XX:+PrintGCDetails, -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps, -XX:+PrintTenuringDistribution, -XX:+PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime, -Xloggc:logs/gc.log, -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation, -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=32, -XX:GCLogFileSize=64m, -Des.path.home=/home/es/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.0, -Des.path.conf=/home/es/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.2.0/config]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,299][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [aggs-matrix-stats]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,304][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [analysis-common]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,304][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [ingest-common]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,305][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [lang-expression]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,305][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [lang-mustache]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,306][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [lang-painless]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,306][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [mapper-extras]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,306][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [parent-join]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,307][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [percolator]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,307][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [rank-eval]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,307][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [reindex]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,307][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [repository-url]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,307][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [transport-netty4]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,307][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] loaded module [tribe]
[2018-02-08T18:07:37,308][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [dRoj17S] no plugins loaded
[2018-02-08T18:07:43,383][INFO ][o.e.d.DiscoveryModule    ] [dRoj17S] using discovery type [zen]
[2018-02-08T18:07:44,446][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] initialized
[2018-02-08T18:07:44,446][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [dRoj17S] starting ...
[2018-02-08T18:07:44,739][INFO ][o.e.t.TransportService   ] [dRoj17S] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9300}, bound_addresses {[::1]:9300}, {127.0.0.1:9300}
[2018-02-08T18:07:44,757][WARN ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [dRoj17S] max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65536]
[2018-02-08T18:07:44,757][WARN ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [dRoj17S] max number of threads [1024] for user [es] is too low, increase to at least [4096]
[2018-02-08T18:07:44,757][WARN ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [dRoj17S] max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
[2018-02-08T18:07:44,758][WARN ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [dRoj17S] system call filters failed to install; check the logs and fix your configuration or disable system call filters at your own risk
[2018-02-08T18:07:47,892][INFO ][o.e.c.s.MasterService    ] [dRoj17S] zen-disco-elected-as-master ([0] nodes joined), reason: new_master {dRoj17S}{dRoj17SdQ12H6bAgF_jfLw}{UBEX5MGRQ5iWiKb8lYm1IA}{127.0.0.1}{127.0.0.1:9300}
[2018-02-08T18:07:47,904][INFO ][o.e.c.s.ClusterApplierService] [dRoj17S] new_master {dRoj17S}{dRoj17SdQ12H6bAgF_jfLw}{UBEX5MGRQ5iWiKb8lYm1IA}{127.0.0.1}{127.0.0.1:9300}, reason: apply cluster state (from master [master {dRoj17S}{dRoj17SdQ12H6bAgF_jfLw}{UBEX5MGRQ5iWiKb8lYm1IA}{127.0.0.1}{127.0.0.1:9300} committed version [1] source [zen-disco-elected-as-master ([0] nodes joined)]])
[2018-02-08T18:07:47,957][INFO ][o.e.h.n.Netty4HttpServerTransport] [dRoj17S] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9200}, bound_addresses {[::1]:9200}, {127.0.0.1:9200}
[2018-02-08T18:07:47,957][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [dRoj17S] started
[2018-02-08T18:07:47,966][INFO ][o.e.g.GatewayService     ] [dRoj17S] recovered [0] indices into cluster_state

执行

curl -X GET https://localhost:9200

结果：

{
  "name" : "dRoj17S",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "kN_fnGlHTkSY4wjpRCqNNA",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "6.2.0",
    "build_hash" : "37cdac1",
    "build_date" : "2018-02-01T17:31:12.527918Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "7.2.1",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

从命令行编辑运行Elasticsearch

Elasticsearch可以从命令行启动，如下所示：

./bin/elasticsearch

默认情况下，Elasticsearch在前台运行，将其日志打印到标准输出（stdout），并可以通过按停止Ctrl-C。

注意

与Elasticsearch打包在一起的所有脚本都需要一个支持数组的Bash版本，并假定Bash可用/bin/bash。因此，Bash应该直接或通过符号链接在这条路径上可用。

检查Elasticsearch是否正在运行编辑

您可以测试你的Elasticsearch节点通过发送一个HTTP请求的端口上运行9200上localhost：

GET /

这应该给你一个这样的回应：

{
  "name" : "Cp8oag6",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "AT69_T_DTp-1qgIJlatQqA",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "6.2.0",
    "build_hash" : "f27399d",
    "build_date" : "2016-03-30T09:51:41.449Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "7.2.1",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "1.2.3",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "1.2.3"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

stdout使用 命令行上的-q或–quiet选项可以禁用日志打印。

作为守护程序运行

要将Elasticsearch作为守护程序运行，请-d在命令行上指定，并使用以下-p选项将进程ID记录到文件中：

./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid

日志消息可以在$ES_HOME/logs/目录中找到。

要关闭Elasticsearch，请杀死pid文件中记录的进程ID ：

kill `cat pid`

注意

RPM和Debian 软件包中提供的启动脚本负责为您启动和停止Elasticsearch过程。

在命令行上配置Elasticsearch

Elasticsearch $ES_HOME/config/elasticsearch.yml 默认从文件加载它的配置。配置Elasticsearch解释了这个配置文件的格式 。

可以在配置文件中指定的任何设置也可以在命令行中指定，使用-E语法如下：

./bin/elasticsearch -d -Ecluster.name=my_cluster -Enode.name=node_1

TIP

通常情况下，任何群集范围的设置（如cluster.name）应该被添加到elasticsearch.yml配置文件中，而任何节点特定的设置（如node.name可以在命令行中指定）。

目录布局.zip和.tar.gz档案

在.zip和.tar.gz包是完全独立的。所有的文件和目录，默认情况下都包含在$ES_HOME解压档案时创建的目录中。

这非常方便，因为您不必创建任何目录来开始使用Elasticsearch，卸载Elasticsearch就像删除$ES_HOME目录一样简单。但是，建议更改config目录，数据目录和日志目录的默认位置，以便稍后不要删除重要数据。

Type	Description	Default Location	Setting
home	Elasticsearch主目录或 $ES_HOME	通过解压归档文件创建的目录
bin	二进制脚本，包括elasticsearch启动节点和elasticsearch-plugin安装插件	$ES_HOME/bin
conf	配置文件包括 elasticsearch.yml	$ES_HOME/config	ES_PATH_CONF
data	在节点上分配的每个索引/分片的数据文件的位置。可以容纳多个地点。	$ES_HOME/data	path.data
logs	日志文件位置	$ES_HOME/logs	path.logs
plugins	插件文件的位置。每个插件将被包含在一个子目录中	$ES_HOME/plugins
repo	共享文件系统存储库位置。可以容纳多个地点。文件系统存储库可以放置在此处指定的任何目录的任何子目录中。	Not configured	path.repo
script	脚本文件的位置	$ES_HOME/scripts	path.scripts

后续步骤

您现在已经设置了一个测试Elasticsearch环境。在您开始认真开发或者使用Elasticsearch进行生产之前，您需要进行一些额外的设置：

了解如何配置Elasticsearch。 配置重要的Elasticsearch设置。 配置重要的系统设置。