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python实现五子棋游戏(控制台版)

程序员文章站 2024-03-18 14:50:04
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一、简介

  使用python实现控制台版的五子棋游戏;

  环境:Windows系统+python3.8.0

  游戏规则:

    1.分两位棋手对战,默认*棋手先下;当按照提示输入坐标(A1),并按回车键<Enter>即可在棋盘上显示下的棋(*);

    2.自动切换到o棋手下棋,当按照提示输入坐标(C1),并按回车键<Enter>即可在棋盘上显示下的棋(o);

    3.轮流切换棋手下棋,当那方先形成5子连线者获胜(横、竖、斜、反斜四个方向都可以)。

  游戏运行界面如下(如果运行后,中文部分显示乱码,可右键定位到options--Text,修改“Locale”为“zh_CN”、“Character set”为“GBK”): 

python实现五子棋游戏(控制台版)

二、实现过程

  1. 新建文件settings.py,用来定义一些必须的基本属性和初始值:
    class Settings():
    	def __init__(self):
    		"""初始化的游戏配置"""
    		# 棋盘格数
    		self.number = 10
    		# 判断游戏是否结束(默认开始)
    		self.game_active = True
    		# 判断哪方下棋
    		self.chess_player = 1
    		# 开始校验输赢(两边合计9,因为已经有一边5步)
    		self.win_number = 0

     

  2. 新建文件checkerboard.py,主要是利用二维列表(数组)存放棋盘数据,棋子位置都用“-”表示;
    class Checkerboard():
    	def __init__(self, ck_settings):
    		self.number = ck_settings.number
    	def draw(self):
    		# 绘制棋盘
    		checkerboard = []
    		for i in range(self.number):
    			checkerboard.append([])
    			for j in range(self.number):
    				checkerboard[i].append('-')
    		return checkerboard

     

  3. 新建文件“game_functions.py”,存放跟游戏有关的所有业务逻辑函数:
    def printed_board(checkerboard):
    	"""打印棋盘(黄底黑色字体)"""
    	# 设置字体和背景色格式:\033[显示方式;前景色;背景色m;而后面的\033[0m用来关闭属性,不加会影响后面
    	print('\033[1;41m--------------简易五子棋游戏(控制台版)---------------\033[0m')
    	print('\033[1;30;43m-------------------------------------------------------')
    	print('     1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9    10   ')
    	for i in range(len(checkerboard)):
    		# ord返回字符的ASCII数值,chr再返回字符;end=''设置不换行
    		print(chr(ord('A') + i) + '    ', end='')
    		for j in range(len(checkerboard[i])):
    			print(checkerboard[i][j] + '    ', end='')
    		print()
    	print('-------------------------------------------------------\033[0m')
    
    def update_board(ck_settings, checkerboard, position):
    	"""更新棋盘信息"""
    	if ck_settings.chess_player == 1:
    		print('请棋手*输入棋子坐标(例如A1,输入exit可退出程序):', end='')
    		check_input(ck_settings, checkerboard, '*', position)
    	else:
    		print('请棋手o输入棋子坐标(例如C1,输入exit可退出程序):', end='')
    		check_input(ck_settings, checkerboard, 'o', position)
    
    def check_input(ck_settings, checkerboard, char, position):
    	"""校验输入数据,正确则把坐标打印到棋盘"""
    	inputStr = input() # 获取输入数据
    	if len(inputStr) == 0:
    		# 判断空情况
    		print('\033[1;31m***请输入坐标(例如A1)!***\033[0m')
    	elif inputStr == 'exit':
    		# 退出程序
    		exit()
    	elif not inputStr[1].isdigit():
    		# 第二位不为数字情况
    		print('\033[1;31m***您输入的坐标不正确,请重新输入(例如A1)!***\033[0m')	
    	else:
    		# 获取棋盘下标
    		ch = inputStr[0].upper() # 获取第一个字符并转换为大写
    		i = ord(ch) - 65 # A的ASCII是65
    		j = int(inputStr[1:3]) - 1 # 最大允许10,所以必须获取两位
    		# 判断是否输入溢出
    		if (i < 0 or i > 9 or j < 0 or j > 9):
    			print('\033[1;31m***您输入的坐标不正确,请重新输入(例如A1)!***\033[0m')
    		# 判断输入的是否已经有棋子
    		else:
    			if checkerboard[i][j] == '-':
    				# 累计步数(两边合计)
    				ck_settings.win_number += 1
    				# 未落子则替换棋手符号,并转换棋手
    				checkerboard[i][j] = char
    				ck_settings.chess_player *= -1
    				# 合计9步开始校验输赢
    				if ck_settings.win_number >= 9:
    					check_stats(ck_settings, checkerboard, (i, j), char, position)				
    			else:
    				print('\033[1;31m***您输入的坐标已经有其他棋子,请重新输入(例如A1)!***\033[0m')
    
    def check_stats(ck_settings, checkerboard, pos, char, position):
    	"""校验四个方向,是否有了输赢"""
    	pos_i, pos_j = pos
    	directs = [(1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, -1)]	# 横、竖、斜、反斜 四个方向检查	
    	for direct in directs:
    		line_checkerboard = []
    		d_i, d_j = direct
    		# 横排
    		if d_j == 0:
    			# 横排成数组
    			for j in range(ck_settings.number):
    				# 判断是“*”或“o”才添加
    				if checkerboard[pos_i][j] == char:
    					line_checkerboard.append(position(pos_i, j))
    			# print('横排', line_checkerboard)
    			win_condition(ck_settings, checkerboard, line_checkerboard, d_j, char)
    		elif d_i == 0:
    			# 竖排成数组
    			for i in range(ck_settings.number):
    				# 判断是“*”或“o”才添加
    				if checkerboard[i][pos_j] == char:
    					line_checkerboard.append(position(i, pos_j))
    			# print('竖排', line_checkerboard)
    			win_condition(ck_settings, checkerboard, line_checkerboard, d_j, char)
    		elif d_i == 1 and d_j == 1:
    			# 斜线成数组			
    			# 左部分
    			minValue = min(pos_i, pos_j) # 获取较小值
    			for i in range(minValue):
    				# 判断是“*”或“o”才添加
    				if checkerboard[pos_i - minValue + i][pos_j - minValue + i] == char:
    					line_checkerboard.append(position(pos_i - minValue + i, pos_j - minValue + i))
    			
    			# 右部分
    			maxValue = max(pos_i, pos_j)
    			maxValue = ck_settings.number - maxValue # 获取可叠加的最大数值
    			for i in range(maxValue):
    				# 判断是“*”或“o”才添加
    				if checkerboard[pos_i + i][pos_j + i] == char:
    					line_checkerboard.append(position(pos_i + i, pos_j + i))
    			# print('斜线', line_checkerboard)
    			win_condition(ck_settings, checkerboard, line_checkerboard, d_j, char)
    		else:
    			# 反斜线成数组
    			# 左部分
    			minValue = min(ck_settings.number - pos_i, pos_j) # 获取较小值
    			for i in range(minValue):
    				# 判断是“*”或“o”才添加
    				if checkerboard[pos_i + minValue - 1 - i][pos_j - minValue + i] == char:
    					line_checkerboard.append(position(pos_i + minValue - 1 - i, pos_j - minValue + i))
    			
    			# 右部分
    			maxValue = min(pos_i, ck_settings.number - pos_j) # 获取可叠加的最大数值
    			for i in range(maxValue):
    				# 判断是“*”或“o”才添加
    				if checkerboard[pos_i - i][pos_j + i] == char:
    					line_checkerboard.append(position(pos_i - i, pos_j + i))
    			# print('反斜线', line_checkerboard)
    			win_condition(ck_settings, checkerboard, line_checkerboard, d_j, char)
    
    def win_condition(ck_settings, checkerboard, line_checkerboard, d_j, char):
    	"""判断是否连续5个一样"""
    	if len(line_checkerboard) >= 5:
    		for i, item in enumerate(line_checkerboard):
    			index = i + 4
    			if index < len(line_checkerboard):
    				# 横排情况
    				if d_j == 0:
    					j1 = item.y
    					j2 = line_checkerboard[index].y
    					if (j2 - j1) == 4:
    						printed_board(checkerboard)
    						print('\033[1;32m' + char + '选手获胜!\033[0m')
    						ck_settings.game_active = False
    						break
    				# 竖排、斜、反斜情况
    				else:
    					i1 = item.x
    					i2 = line_checkerboard[index].x
    					# 取绝对值,因为反斜线是负数
    					if abs(i2 - i1) == 4:
    						printed_board(checkerboard)
    						print('\033[1;32m' + char + '选手获胜!\033[0m')
    						ck_settings.game_active = False
    						break

     

  4. 新建文件gobang.py,主函数用来初始化程序,并同步更新程序的信息;
    from settings import Settings
    from checkerboard import Checkerboard
    from collections import namedtuple
    import game_functions as gf
    
    def run_game():
    	"""运行游戏"""
    	# 配置实例化
    	ck_settings = Settings()
    	# 棋盘实例化并调用绘制方法
    	ck = Checkerboard(ck_settings)
    	checkerboard = ck.draw()
    	# namedtuple创建类似于元组的数据类型,除了可以用索引访问,能够迭代,还能用属性名访问数据
    	position = namedtuple('Position', ['x', 'y'])
    
    	while ck_settings.game_active:
    		# 打印棋盘
    		gf.printed_board(checkerboard)
    		# 更新棋盘
    		gf.update_board(ck_settings, checkerboard, position)		
    
    run_game()

     

  5. 在文件gobang.py目录路径下,执行命令“python gobang.py”打印棋盘,并可对其操作游玩。
  6. 总结:代码都有详尽的备注说明,如果还有不明白,可参考网址https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/5225f26b328388a6fb09084e.html