（五）Python查询12306余票：添加票价信息

前一篇–>docopt实现参数的输入—–查询任意时间任意车站余票

票价的查询根据前面result的解析是无法获取的，票价需要另外发送请求获取。


请求链接：
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryTicketPrice?train_no=88000K131008&from_station_no=12&to_station_no=27&seat_types=1413&train_date=2018-01-30
关注train_no、from_station_no、to_station_no、seat_types、train_date这几个参数。

有了前面教程解析车票信息result的基础解析车票也是大同小异罢了，找出对应车票类型对应的票价对应的位置就行。

实现获取车票票价的函数：

#pricesDic用于存放票价信息
pricesDic = {
        'A': '',
        'B': '',
        'C': '',
        'D': '',
        'E': '',
        'F': '',
        'G': '',
        'H': '',
        'I': '',
        'J': ''
    }

def getPrice(threadname,train_no, from_station_no, to_station_no, seat_types, date,pricesDic):
    while 1:
        try:
            headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:23.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/23.0'}
            moneyUrl = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryTicketPrice?train_no={}&from_station_no={}&to_station_no={}&seat_types={}&train_date={}".format(
                train_no, from_station_no, to_station_no, seat_types, date)
            req = urllib.request.Request(url=moneyUrl, headers=headers)
            r_price = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8')
            if r_price.startswith(u'\ufeff'):
                r_price = r_price.encode('utf8')[3:].decode('utf-8')
                # print(r_price)
            r_price = json.loads(r_price)
            break
        except:
            continue
    price = r_price['data']
    price = dict(price)#获取data字典，票价信息在字典中
    A = ('A9' in price.keys())#商务座票价对应key是A9或者P
    if A == False:
        A = ('P' in price.keys())
        if A == False:
            A = ''
        else:
            A = price['P']
    else:
        A = price['A9']

    B = ('M' in price.keys())#一等座对应key为M
    if B == False:
        B = ''
    else:
        B = price['M']
    C = ('O' in price.keys())#二等座对应key为O
    if C == False:
        C = ''
    else:
        C = price['O']
    D = ('A6' in price.keys())
    if D == False:
        D = ''
    else:
        D = price['A6']
    E = ('A4' in price.keys())
    if E == False:
        E = ''
    else:
        E = price['A4']
    F = ('F' in price.keys())
    if F == False:
        F = ''
    else:
        F = price['F']
    G = ('A3' in price.keys())
    if G == False:
        G = ''
    else:
        G = price['A3']

    H = ('A2' in price.keys())
    if H == False:
        H = ''
    else:
        H = price['A2']
    I = ('A1' in price.keys())
    if I == False:
        I = ''
    else:
        I = price['A1']

    J = ('WZ' in price.keys())
    if J == False:
        J = ''
    else:
        J = price['WZ']
    pricesDic['A'] = A
    pricesDic['B'] = B
    pricesDic['C'] = C
    pricesDic['D'] = D
    pricesDic['E'] = E
    pricesDic['F'] = F
    pricesDic['G'] = G
    pricesDic['H'] = H
    pricesDic['I'] = I
    pricesDic['J'] = J

我实现查询票价使用了Python中的线程，另外开启一个线程去查询票价：

import threading

threadLock = threading.Lock()
class myThread (threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, threadID, threadName, train_no, from_station_no, to_station_no, seat_types, date,pricesDic):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.threadID = threadID
        self.threadName = threadName
        self.train_no = train_no
        self.from_station_no = from_station_no
        self.to_station_no = to_station_no
        self.seat_types = seat_types
        self.date = date
        self.pricesDic = pricesDic
    def run(self):
        #print ("开始线程：" + self.threadName)
        # 获取锁，用于线程同步
        threadLock.acquire()
        getPrice(self.threadName, self.train_no, self.from_station_no, self.to_station_no, self.seat_types, self.date, self.pricesDic)
        # 释放锁，开启下一个线程
        threadLock.release()
        #print ("退出线程：" + self.threadName)

在resolveData函数中开启线程查询票价，并且将票价加入余票信息中：
再次修改resolveData函数，观察变化：

def resolveData(from_station, to_station, date):
    #拼接出查询链接
    url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryO?leftTicketDTO.train_date={}&leftTicketDTO.from_station={}&leftTicketDTO.to_station={}&purpose_codes=ADULT'.format(date, stations2CODE[from_station], stations2CODE[to_station])
    #获取数据
    while 1:
        try:
            data = getData(url)
            lists = json.loads(data)["data"]["result"]
            # if data['status'] == False:
            #     print('获取失败！请检查网络')
            #     break
            break
        except:
            continue
    cont = []
    name = [
        "station_train_code",
        "from_station_name",
        'start_time',
        "lishi",
        "swz_num",
        "zy_num",
        "ze_num",
        "gr_num",
        "rw_num",
        "dw_num",
        "yw_num",
        "rz_num",
        "yz_num",
        "wz_num",
        "qt_num",
        "note_num"
    ]
    color = Colored()
    for items in lists:
        data = {
            "station_train_code": '',
            "from_station_name": '',
            "to_station_name": '',
            'start_time': '',
            'end': '',
            "lishi": '',
            "swz_num": '',
            "zy_num": '',
            "ze_num": '',
            "dw_num": '',
            "gr_num": '',
            "rw_num": '',
            "yw_num": '',
            "rz_num": '',
            "yz_num": '',
            "wz_num": '',
            "qt_num": '',
            "note_num": ''
        }
        item = items.split('|')
        data['station_train_code'] = item[3]
        data['from_station_name'] = item[6]
        data['to_station_name'] = item[7]
        data['start_time'] = item[8]
        data['arrive_time'] = item[9]
        data['lishi'] = item[10]
        data['swz_num'] = item[32] or item[25]# 商务座在32或25位置
        data['zy_num'] = item[31]
        data['ze_num'] = item[30]
        data['gr_num'] = item[21]
        data['rw_num'] = item[23]
        data['dw_num'] = item[27]
        data['yw_num'] = item[28]
        data['rz_num'] = item[24]
        data['yz_num'] = item[29]
        data['wz_num'] = item[26]
        data['qt_num'] = item[22]
        if item[0] == 'null':
            data['note_num'] = item[1]
        else:
            data['note_num'] = color.white(item[1])
        #解析出查询票价需要的参数
        train_no = item[2]
        from_station_no = item[16]
        to_station_no = item[17]
        types = item[35]
        getPriceThread = myThread(1, "Thread-1", train_no, from_station_no, to_station_no, types, date, pricesDic)
        getPriceThread.start()#开启查询车票的线程
        for pos in name:
            if data[pos] == '':
                data[pos] = '-'
        threadLock.acquire()#必须加锁，这是为了线程同步
        for pos in priceName:#将票价添加进余票信息中
            if pos == 'swz_num':
                data['swz_num'] = data['swz_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['A'])
            if pos == 'zy_num':
                data['zy_num'] = data['zy_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['B'])
            if pos == 'ze_num':
                data['ze_num'] = data['ze_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['C'])
            if pos == 'gr_num':
                data['gr_num'] = data['gr_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['D'])
            if pos == 'rw_num':
                data['rw_num'] = data['rw_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['E'])
            if pos == 'dw_num':
                data['dw_num'] = data['dw_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['F'])
            if pos == 'yw_num':
                data['yw_num'] = data['yw_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['G'])
            if pos == 'rz_num':
                data['rz_num'] = data['rz_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['H'])
            if pos == 'yz_num':
                data['yz_num'] = data['yz_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['I'])
            if pos == 'wz_num':
                data['wz_num'] = data['wz_num'] +'\n'+ color.blue(pricesDic['J'])
        threadLock.release()
        cont.append(data)
    color = Colored()
    tickets = []
    for x in cont:
        tmp = []
        for y in name:
            if y == "from_station_name":
                s = color.green(stations2CN[x[y]]) + '\n' + color.red(stations2CN[x["to_station_name"]])
                tmp.append(s)
            elif y == "start_time":
                s = color.green(x[y]) + '\n' + color.red(x["arrive_time"])
                tmp.append(s)
            elif y == "station_train_code":
                s = color.yellow(x[y])
                tmp.append(s)
            else:
                tmp.append(x[y])
        tickets.append(tmp)
    return tickets#返回所有车次余票信息

最终测试：

成功获取票价！

到这来为止我们就结束了DOS界面的开发。源代码：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1c1Gdxra 密码：6xpz

我在此基础上实现了连续多天的查询，并且实现了列车类型的过滤，
源代码在此：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jI2Ak4Y 密码：02gu
不懂得地方欢迎交流。
代码有BUG看看能不能您解决