Docker常用命令使用（一）

程序员文章站 2024-03-13 17:01:09

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Docker常用命令

命令	描述
`docker` 、`docker help`、`docker --help`	列出可用命令
`docker version`	显示`Docker`版本信息
`docker info`	显示`Docker`系统范围的信息，包括内核版本，容器数和映像
`docker images`	列出镜像信息

1.1`docker help`

Docker文档官网地址：https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/docker/

#下述命令都可列出可使用的命令
docker
docker help
docker --help

示例

[[email protected] /]# docker help

Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")
  -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  app*        Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  builder     Manage builds
  buildx*     Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.5.1-docker)
  config      Manage Docker configs
  container   Manage containers
  context     Manage contexts
  image       Manage images
  manifest    Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

To get more help with docker, check out our guides at https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/
[[email protected] /]#

1.2`docker version`

1.2.1 描述

显示Docker版本信息

1.2.2 用法

docker version [OPTIONS]

1.2.3 参数说明

名称，简写	默认	描述
`--format , -f`		使用给定的`Go`模板格式化输出
`--kubeconfig`		`Kubernetes`配置文件（该参数适用于`kubernetes`编排器）

1.2.4 命令及示例

1.2.4.1 默认输出

docker version

[[email protected] /]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.3
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.13.15
 Git commit:        48d30b5
 Built:             Fri Jan 29 14:34:14 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.3
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.15
  Git commit:       46229ca
  Built:            Fri Jan 29 14:32:37 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.3
  GitCommit:        269548fa27e0089a8b8278fc4fc781d7f65a939b
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc92
  GitCommit:        ff819c7e9184c13b7c2607fe6c30ae19403a7aff
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

1.2.4.2 获取服务器版本

docker version --format '{{.Server.Version}}'

[[email protected] /]# docker version --format '{{.Server.Version}}'
20.10.3
[[email protected] /]#

1.2.4.3 转储原始JSON数据

docker version --format '{{json .}}'

以json格式输出版本信息

[[email protected] /]# docker version --format '{{json .}}'
{"Client":{"Platform":{"Name":"Docker Engine - Community"},"Version":"20.10.3","ApiVersion":"1.41","DefaultAPIVersion":"1.41","GitCommit":"48d30b5","GoVersion":"go1.13.15","Os":"linux","Arch":"amd64","BuildTime":"Fri Jan 29 14:34:14 2021","Context":"default","Experimental":true},"Server":{"Platform":{"Name":"Docker Engine - Community"},"Components":[{"Name":"Engine","Version":"20.10.3","Details":{"ApiVersion":"1.41","Arch":"amd64","BuildTime":"Fri Jan 29 14:32:37 2021","Experimental":"false","GitCommit":"46229ca","GoVersion":"go1.13.15","KernelVersion":"3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64","MinAPIVersion":"1.12","Os":"linux"}},{"Name":"containerd","Version":"1.4.3","Details":{"GitCommit":"269548fa27e0089a8b8278fc4fc781d7f65a939b"}},{"Name":"runc","Version":"1.0.0-rc92","Details":{"GitCommit":"ff819c7e9184c13b7c2607fe6c30ae19403a7aff"}},{"Name":"docker-init","Version":"0.19.0","Details":{"GitCommit":"de40ad0"}}],"Version":"20.10.3","ApiVersion":"1.41","MinAPIVersion":"1.12","GitCommit":"46229ca","GoVersion":"go1.13.15","Os":"linux","Arch":"amd64","KernelVersion":"3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64","BuildTime":"2021-01-29T14:32:37.000000000+00:00"}}
[[email protected] /]#

1.2.4.3 打印当前上下文

docker version --format='{{.Client.Context}}'

[[email protected] /]# docker version --format='{{.Client.Context}}'
default
[[email protected] /]#

1.3`docker info`

1.3.1 描述

显示Docker系统范围的信息，包括内核版本，容器数和映像

1.3.2 用法

docker info [OPTIONS]

1.3.3 参数说明

名称，简写	默认	描述
`--format , -f`		使用给定的`Go`模板格式化输出

1.3.4 命令及示例

1.3.4.1 默认输出

docker info

[[email protected] /]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.5.1-docker)

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 20.10.3
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 269548fa27e0089a8b8278fc4fc781d7f65a939b
 runc version: ff819c7e9184c13b7c2607fe6c30ae19403a7aff
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 1
 Total Memory: 1.795GiB
 Name: VM-0-14-centos
 ID: SYNP:7I3G:LIOF:SNKT:2U52:3TPU:DXDX:REFJ:EPSC:45K6:NSKY:6KSU
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

[[email protected] /]#

1.3.4.2 格式化输出

docker info --format '{{json .}}'

以json格式输出

[[email protected] /]# docker info --format '{{json .}}'
{"ID":"SYNP:7I3G:LIOF:SNKT:2U52:3TPU:DXDX:REFJ:EPSC:45K6:NSKY:6KSU","Containers":0,"ContainersRunning":0,"ContainersPaused":0,"ContainersStopped":0,"Images":0,"Driver":"overlay2","DriverStatus":[["Backing Filesystem","extfs"],["Supports d_type","true"],["Native Overlay Diff","true"]],"Plugins":{"Volume":["local"],"Network":["bridge","host","ipvlan","macvlan","null","overlay"],"Authorization":null,"Log":["awslogs","fluentd","gcplogs","gelf","journald","json-file","local","logentries","splunk","syslog"]},"MemoryLimit":true,"SwapLimit":true,"KernelMemory":true,"KernelMemoryTCP":true,"CpuCfsPeriod":true,"CpuCfsQuota":true,"CPUShares":true,"CPUSet":true,"PidsLimit":true,"IPv4Forwarding":true,"BridgeNfIptables":true,"BridgeNfIp6tables":true,"Debug":false,"NFd":22,"OomKillDisable":true,"NGoroutines":33,"SystemTime":"2021-02-08T14:20:25.115152471+08:00","LoggingDriver":"json-file","CgroupDriver":"cgroupfs","CgroupVersion":"1","NEventsListener":0,"KernelVersion":"3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64","OperatingSystem":"CentOS Linux 7 (Core)","OSVersion":"7","OSType":"linux","Architecture":"x86_64","IndexServerAddress":"https://index.docker.io/v1/","RegistryConfig":{"AllowNondistributableArtifactsCIDRs":[],"AllowNondistributableArtifactsHostnames":[],"InsecureRegistryCIDRs":["127.0.0.0/8"],"IndexConfigs":{"docker.io":{"Name":"docker.io","Mirrors":[],"Secure":true,"Official":true}},"Mirrors":[]},"NCPU":1,"MemTotal":1927176192,"GenericResources":null,"DockerRootDir":"/var/lib/docker","HttpProxy":"","HttpsProxy":"","NoProxy":"","Name":"VM-0-14-centos","Labels":[],"ExperimentalBuild":false,"ServerVersion":"20.10.3","Runtimes":{"io.containerd.runc.v2":{"path":"runc"},"io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux":{"path":"runc"},"runc":{"path":"runc"}},"DefaultRuntime":"runc","Swarm":{"NodeID":"","NodeAddr":"","LocalNodeState":"inactive","ControlAvailable":false,"Error":"","RemoteManagers":null},"LiveRestoreEnabled":false,"Isolation":"","InitBinary":"docker-init","ContainerdCommit":{"ID":"269548fa27e0089a8b8278fc4fc781d7f65a939b","Expected":"269548fa27e0089a8b8278fc4fc781d7f65a939b"},"RuncCommit":{"ID":"ff819c7e9184c13b7c2607fe6c30ae19403a7aff","Expected":"ff819c7e9184c13b7c2607fe6c30ae19403a7aff"},"InitCommit":{"ID":"de40ad0","Expected":"de40ad0"},"SecurityOptions":["name=seccomp,profile=default"],"Warnings":null,"ClientInfo":{"Debug":false,"Context":"default","Plugins":[{"SchemaVersion":"0.1.0","Vendor":"Docker Inc.","Version":"v0.9.1-beta3","ShortDescription":"Docker App","Experimental":true,"Name":"app","Path":"/usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-app"},{"SchemaVersion":"0.1.0","Vendor":"Docker Inc.","Version":"v0.5.1-docker","ShortDescription":"Build with BuildKit","Name":"buildx","Path":"/usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx"}],"Warnings":null}}
[[email protected] /]#

1.4`docker images`

1.4.1 描述

默认值docker images将显示所有*镜像，它们的存储库和标签以及它们的大小
REPOSITORY：镜像的存储库
TAG ：镜像的标签
IMAGE ID：镜像的id
CREATED：镜像的创建时间
SIZE：镜像的大小

1.4.2 用法

docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

1.4.3 参数说明

名称，简写	默认	描述
`--all , -a`		显示所有镜像（默认隐藏中间镜像）
`--digests`		显示摘要
`--filter , -f`		根据提供的条件过滤输出
`--format`		使用Go模板格式化输出
`--no-trunc`		不要截断输出
`--quiet , -q`		仅显示镜像ID

1.4.4 命令及示例

1.4.4.1 显示新创建的镜像

 docker images

[[email protected] /]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
hello-world   latest    bf756fb1ae65   13 months ago   13.3kB
[[email protected] /]#

1.4.4.2 按名称和标签显示镜像

docker images命令采用可选[REPOSITORY[:TAG]]参数，该参数将列表限制为与该参数匹配的镜像。
如果指定REPOSITORY，但不指定 TAG，则该docker images命令将列出给定存储库中的所有镜像像
若同时指定REPOSITORY和TAG，则[REPOSITORY[:TAG]]值必须是完全匹配

docker iamges [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

1.4.4.3 显示镜像ID的全称

docker images --no-trunc

[[email protected] /]# docker images --no-trunc
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID                                                                  CREATED         SIZE
hello-world   latest    sha256:bf756fb1ae65adf866bd8c456593cd24beb6a0a061dedf42b26a993176745f6b   13 months ago   13.3kB
[[email protected] /]#

1.4.4.4 显示镜像摘要

使用v2或更高版本格式的镜像具有称为摘要的内容可寻址标识符。只要用于生成镜像的输入不变，摘要值就可以预测

docker images --digests

[[email protected] /]# docker images --digests
REPOSITORY    TAG       DIGEST                                                                    IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
hello-world   latest    sha256:31b9c7d48790f0d8c50ab433d9c3b7e17666d6993084c002c2ff1ca09b96391d   bf756fb1ae65   13 months ago   13.3kB
[[email protected] /]#

1.4.4.5 过滤输出

过滤标志（-f或--filter）格式为“键=值”。
若有多个过滤器，则传递多个标志
代补充

1.4.4.6 格式化输出

格式化选项（--format）将使用Go模板漂亮地打印容器输出。

Go模板的有效占位符：

占位符	描述
`.ID`	镜像`ID`
`.Repository`	镜像库
`.Tag`	镜像标签
`.Digest`	镜像摘要
`.CreatedSince`	自创建镜像以来经过的时间
`.CreatedAt`	创建镜像的时间
`.Size`	镜像磁盘大小

 docker images --format "{{.ID}}: {{.Repository}}"

[[email protected] /]# docker images --format "{{.ID}}: {{.Repository}}"
bf756fb1ae65: hello-world
[[email protected] /]#

以表格式列出所有镜像及其存储库和标签

docker images --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Repository}}\t{{.Tag}}"

[[email protected] /]# docker images --format "table {{.ID}}\t{{.Repository}}\t{{.Tag}}"
IMAGE ID       REPOSITORY    TAG
bf756fb1ae65   hello-world   latest
[[email protected] /]#

Docker常用命令使用（二）待完善

Docker常用命令使用（一）

Docker常用命令

1.1`docker help`

1.2`docker version`

1.2.1 描述

1.2.2 用法

1.2.3 参数说明

1.2.4 命令及示例

1.2.4.1 默认输出

1.2.4.2 获取服务器版本

1.2.4.3 转储原始JSON数据

1.2.4.3 打印当前上下文

1.3`docker info`

1.3.1 描述

1.3.2 用法

1.3.3 参数说明

1.3.4 命令及示例

1.3.4.1 默认输出

1.3.4.2 格式化输出

1.4`docker images`

1.4.1 描述

1.4.2 用法

1.4.3 参数说明

1.4.4 命令及示例

1.4.4.1 显示新创建的镜像

1.4.4.2 按名称和标签显示镜像

1.4.4.3 显示镜像ID的全称

1.4.4.4 显示镜像摘要

1.4.4.5 过滤输出

1.4.4.6 格式化输出

一段代码搞懂关于Java中List、Set集合及Map的使用

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Docker常用命令使用（一）

Docker常用命令

1.1docker help

1.2docker version

1.2.1 描述

1.2.2 用法

1.2.3 参数说明

1.2.4 命令及示例

1.2.4.1 默认输出

1.2.4.2 获取服务器版本

1.2.4.3 转储原始JSON数据

1.2.4.3 打印当前上下文

1.3docker info

1.3.1 描述

1.3.2 用法

1.3.3 参数说明

1.3.4 命令及示例

1.3.4.1 默认输出

1.3.4.2 格式化输出

1.4docker images

1.4.1 描述

1.4.2 用法

1.4.3 参数说明

1.4.4 命令及示例

1.4.4.1 显示新创建的镜像

1.4.4.2 按名称和标签显示镜像

1.4.4.3 显示镜像ID的全称

1.4.4.4 显示镜像摘要

1.4.4.5 过滤输出

1.4.4.6 格式化输出

一段代码搞懂关于Java中List、Set集合及Map的使用

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docker/docker-compose常用命令与配置

使用Docker构建jdk1.8镜像

1.1`docker help`

1.2`docker version`

1.3`docker info`

1.4`docker images`