java读取wav文件（波形文件）并绘制波形图的方法

本文实例讲述了java读取wav文件（波形文件）并绘制波形图的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下：

因为最近有不少网友询问我波形文件读写方面的问题，出于让大家更方便以及让代码能够得到更好的改进，我将这部分（波形文件的读写）代码开源在github上面。

地址为https://github.com/sintrb/waveaccess/，最新的代码、例子、文档都在那上面，我会在我时间精力允许的前提下对该项目进行维护，同时也希望对这方面有兴趣的网友能够加入到该开源项目上。

以下内容基本都过期了，你可以直接去github上面阅读、下载该项目。

因项目需要读取.wav文件（波形文件）并绘制波形图，因此简单的做了这方面的封装。

其实主要是对wav文件读取的封装，下面是一个wav文件读取器的封装：

// filename: wavefilereader.java 
// robintang 
// 2012-08-23 
import java.io.*; 
public class wavefilereader { 
  private string filename = null; 
  private int[][] data = null; 
  private int len = 0; 
  private string chunkdescriptor = null; 
  static private int lenchunkdescriptor = 4; 
  private long chunksize = 0; 
  static private int lenchunksize = 4; 
  private string waveflag = null; 
  static private int lenwaveflag = 4; 
  private string fmtubchunk = null; 
  static private int lenfmtubchunk = 4; 
  private long subchunk1size = 0; 
  static private int lensubchunk1size = 4; 
  private int audioformat = 0; 
  static private int lenaudioformat = 2; 
  private int numchannels = 0; 
  static private int lennumchannels = 2; 
  private long samplerate = 0; 
  static private int lensamplerate = 2; 
  private long byterate = 0; 
  static private int lenbyterate = 4; 
  private int blockalign = 0; 
  static private int lenblockling = 2; 
  private int bitspersample = 0; 
  static private int lenbitspersample = 2; 
  private string datasubchunk = null; 
  static private int lendatasubchunk = 4; 
  private long subchunk2size = 0; 
  static private int lensubchunk2size = 4; 
  private fileinputstream fis = null; 
  private bufferedinputstream bis = null; 
  private boolean issuccess = false; 
  public wavefilereader(string filename) { 
    this.initreader(filename); 
  } 
  // 判断是否创建wav读取器成功 
  public boolean issuccess() { 
    return issuccess; 
  } 
  // 获取每个采样的编码长度，8bit或者16bit 
  public int getbitpersample(){ 
    return this.bitspersample; 
  } 
  // 获取采样率 
  public long getsamplerate(){ 
    return this.samplerate; 
  } 
  // 获取声道个数，1代表单声道 2代表立体声 
  public int getnumchannels(){ 
    return this.numchannels; 
  } 
  // 获取数据长度，也就是一共采样多少个 
  public int getdatalen(){ 
    return this.len; 
  } 
  // 获取数据 
  // 数据是一个二维数组，[n][m]代表第n个声道的第m个采样值 
  public int[][] getdata(){ 
    return this.data; 
  } 
  private void initreader(string filename){ 
    this.filename = filename; 
    try { 
      fis = new fileinputstream(this.filename); 
      bis = new bufferedinputstream(fis); 
      this.chunkdescriptor = readstring(lenchunkdescriptor); 
      if(!chunkdescriptor.endswith("riff")) 
        throw new illegalargumentexception("riff miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); 
      this.chunksize = readlong(); 
      this.waveflag = readstring(lenwaveflag); 
      if(!waveflag.endswith("wave")) 
        throw new illegalargumentexception("wave miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); 
      this.fmtubchunk = readstring(lenfmtubchunk); 
      if(!fmtubchunk.endswith("fmt ")) 
        throw new illegalargumentexception("fmt miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); 
      this.subchunk1size = readlong(); 
      this.audioformat = readint(); 
      this.numchannels = readint(); 
      this.samplerate = readlong(); 
      this.byterate = readlong(); 
      this.blockalign = readint(); 
      this.bitspersample = readint(); 
      this.datasubchunk = readstring(lendatasubchunk); 
      if(!datasubchunk.endswith("data")) 
        throw new illegalargumentexception("data miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); 
      this.subchunk2size = readlong(); 
      this.len = (int)(this.subchunk2size/(this.bitspersample/8)/this.numchannels); 
      this.data = new int[this.numchannels][this.len]; 
       
      for(int i=0; i<this.len; ++i){ 
        for(int n=0; n<this.numchannels; ++n){ 
          if(this.bitspersample == 8){ 
            this.data[n][i] = bis.read(); 
          } 
          else if(this.bitspersample == 16){ 
            this.data[n][i] = this.readint(); 
          } 
        } 
      } 
      issuccess = true; 
    } catch (exception e) { 
      e.printstacktrace(); 
    } 
    finally{ 
      try{ 
      if(bis != null) 
        bis.close(); 
      if(fis != null) 
        fis.close(); 
      } 
      catch(exception e1){ 
        e1.printstacktrace(); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
  private string readstring(int len){ 
    byte[] buf = new byte[len]; 
    try { 
      if(bis.read(buf)!=len) 
        throw new ioexception("no more data!!!"); 
    } catch (ioexception e) { 
      e.printstacktrace(); 
    } 
    return new string(buf); 
  } 
  private int readint(){ 
    byte[] buf = new byte[2]; 
    int res = 0; 
    try { 
      if(bis.read(buf)!=2) 
        throw new ioexception("no more data!!!"); 
      res = (buf[0]&0x000000ff) | (((int)buf[1])<<8); 
    } catch (ioexception e) { 
      e.printstacktrace(); 
    } 
    return res; 
  } 
  private long readlong(){ 
    long res = 0; 
    try { 
      long[] l = new long[4]; 
      for(int i=0; i<4; ++i){ 
        l[i] = bis.read(); 
        if(l[i]==-1){ 
          throw new ioexception("no more data!!!"); 
        } 
      } 
      res = l[0] | (l[1]<<8) | (l[2]<<16) | (l[3]<<24); 
    } catch (ioexception e) { 
      e.printstacktrace(); 
    } 
    return res; 
  } 
  private byte[] readbytes(int len){ 
    byte[] buf = new byte[len]; 
    try { 
      if(bis.read(buf)!=len) 
        throw new ioexception("no more data!!!"); 
    } catch (ioexception e) { 
      e.printstacktrace(); 
    } 
    return buf; 
  } 
} 

为了绘制波形，因此做了一个从jpanel教程而来的波形绘制面板：

// filename: drawpanel.java 
// robintang 
// 2012-08-23 
import java.awt.color; 
import java.awt.graphics; 
import javax.swing.jpanel; 
@suppresswarnings("serial") 
public class drawpanel extends jpanel { 
  private int[] data = null; 
  public drawpanel(int[] data) { 
    this.data = data; 
  } 
  @override 
  protected void paintcomponent(graphics g) { 
    int ww = getwidth(); 
    int hh = getheight(); 
    g.setcolor(color.white); 
    g.fillrect(0, 0, ww, hh); 
    int len = data.length; 
    int step = len/ww; 
    if(step==0) 
      step = 1; 
    int prex = 0, prey = 0; //上一个坐标 
    int x = 0, y = 0; 
    g.setcolor(color.red); 
    double k = hh/2.0/32768.0; 
    for(int i=0; i<ww; ++i){ 
      x = i; 
      // 下面是个三点取出并绘制 
      // 实际中应该按照采样率来设置间隔 
      y = hh-(int)(data[i*3]*k+hh/2); 
      system.out.print(y); 
      system.out.print(" "); 
      if(i!=0){ 
        g.drawline(x, y, prex, prey); 
      } 
      prex = x; 
      prey = y; 
    } 
  } 
} 

有了这些之后就可以调用绘制了，简单的：

// wavefilereaddemo.java 
// robintang 
// 2012-08-23 
import javax.swing.jframe; 
public class wavefilereaddemo { 
  /** 
   * @param args 
   */ 
  public static void main(string[] args) { 
    // todo auto-generated method stub 
    string filename = "file.wav"; 
    jframe frame = new jframe(); 
    wavefilereader reader = new wavefilereader(filename); 
    if(reader.issuccess()){ 
      int[] data = reader.getdata()[0]; //获取第一声道 
      drawpanel drawpanel = new drawpanel(data); // 创建一个绘制波形的面板 
      frame.add(drawpanel); 
      frame.settitle(filename); 
      frame.setsize(800, 400); 
      frame.setlocationrelativeto(null); 
      frame.setdefaultcloseoperation(jframe.exit_on_close); 
      frame.setvisible(true); 
    } 
    else{ 
      system.err.println(filename + "不是一个正常的wav文件"); 
    } 
  } 
} 

工程的源代码可以在我的百度网盘上找到，直接到开源java

放上效果图一张：

希望本文所述对大家的java程序设计有所帮助。