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springboot学习之构建简单项目搭建步骤详解

程序员文章站 2024-02-28 14:13:34
概述 相信对于java开发者而言,spring和springmvc两个框架一定不陌生,这两个框架需要我们手动配置的地方非常多,各种的xml文件,properties文件,...

概述

相信对于java开发者而言,spring和springmvc两个框架一定不陌生,这两个框架需要我们手动配置的地方非常多,各种的xml文件,properties文件,构建一个项目还是挺复杂的,在这种情况下,springboot应运而生,他能够快速的构建spring项目,而且让项目正常运行起来的配置文件非常少,甚至只需要几个注解就可以运行整个项目。

总的说来,springboot项目可以打成jar包独立运行部署,因为它内嵌servlet容器,之前spring,springmvc需要的大量依赖,可以通过starter来帮助我们简化配置,当然还有其他好多优点,这里就不一一赘述,小伙伴们可以自行搜索解答。

简单项目构建

工具

eclipse maven

首先,我们新建一个maven项目,在eclipse左侧右击选择new----》other,选择新建maven project

springboot学习之构建简单项目搭建步骤详解

输入group id,artifact id,点击完成

springboot学习之构建简单项目搭建步骤详解

这样一个简单的项目架子就完成了,但是啥都没有,项目结构如下图所示:

springboot学习之构建简单项目搭建步骤详解

下面我们就开始配置搭建springboot项目。

1.添加依赖

springboot学习之构建简单项目搭建步骤详解

完整porm代码如下:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>

  <groupid>com.cfxmn.springboot</groupid>
  <artifactid>springbootdemo</artifactid>
  <version>0.0.1-snapshot</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <!-- 通过继承spring-boot-starter-parent项目来获得一些合理的默认配置 -->
  <parent>
    <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
    <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactid>
    <version>1.5.6.release</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceencoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceencoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- spring boot web 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring boot test 依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 使用lombok可以减少很多重复代码的书写。比如说getter/setter/tostring等方法的编写 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
      <artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

下面我们新建一些包和添加项目的启动类,如下图所示:

springboot学习之构建简单项目搭建步骤详解

其中,控制器democontroller的内容非常简单,内容如下:

package com.cfxmn.springboot.springbootdemo.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.postmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.slf4j;
@restcontroller
@slf4j
public class democontroller {
  @postmapping("/demo")

  public void demotest() {

    // 这边简单起见,打印一下日志

    log.info("success call");

  }

}

可能有些同学对其中的几个注解有些疑问,我这边简单说明下,

1.restcontroller

这个注解其实就是@responsebody + @controller

2.postmapping

这个注解其实就是@requestmapping("xxxxxx", method=requestmethod.post)

这两个其实都是组合注解,简化使用

我们再来看看,项目的启动类springbootdemoapplication的内容:

package com.cfxmn.springboot.springbootdemo;
import org.springframework.boot.springapplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.springbootapplication;
@springbootapplication

public class springbootdemoapplication {

  public static void main(string[] args) {

    springapplication.run(springbootdemoapplication.class, args);

  }
}

是的,你没看错,只要运行这个main方法,就能启动这个spring项目,具体是怎么启动的容器,我们之后再分析,其实主要就是在注解springbootapplication上。

下面我们就来运行下,看下启动日志:

 .  ____     _      __ _ _

 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \

( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \

 \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )

 ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /

 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/

 :: spring boot ::    (v1.5.6.release)

 

2018-10-25 23:52:41.985 info 1700 --- [      main] c.c.s.s.springbootdemoapplication    : starting springbootdemoapplication on desktop-kb78hjk with pid 1700 (e:\workspace\springbootdemo\target\classes started by gepengfa in e:\workspace\springbootdemo)

2018-10-25 23:52:41.990 info 1700 --- [      main] c.c.s.s.springbootdemoapplication    : no active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default

2018-10-25 23:52:42.088 info 1700 --- [      main] ationconfigembeddedwebapplicationcontext : refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.annotationconfigembeddedwebapplicationcontext@7f416310: startup date [thu oct 25 23:52:42 cst 2018]; root of context hierarchy

2018-10-25 23:52:44.561 info 1700 --- [      main] s.b.c.e.t.tomcatembeddedservletcontainer : tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)

2018-10-25 23:52:44.584 info 1700 --- [      main] o.apache.catalina.core.standardservice  : starting service [tomcat]

2018-10-25 23:52:44.588 info 1700 --- [      main] org.apache.catalina.core.standardengine : starting servlet engine: apache tomcat/8.5.16

2018-10-25 23:52:44.813 info 1700 --- [ost-startstop-1] o.a.c.c.c.[tomcat].[localhost].[/]    : initializing spring embedded webapplicationcontext

2018-10-25 23:52:44.813 info 1700 --- [ost-startstop-1] o.s.web.context.contextloader      : root webapplicationcontext: initialization completed in 2733 ms

2018-10-25 23:52:45.074 info 1700 --- [ost-startstop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.servletregistrationbean : mapping servlet: 'dispatcherservlet' to [/]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.083 info 1700 --- [ost-startstop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.filterregistrationbean  : mapping filter: 'characterencodingfilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.083 info 1700 --- [ost-startstop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.filterregistrationbean  : mapping filter: 'hiddenhttpmethodfilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.083 info 1700 --- [ost-startstop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.filterregistrationbean  : mapping filter: 'httpputformcontentfilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.085 info 1700 --- [ost-startstop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.filterregistrationbean  : mapping filter: 'requestcontextfilter' to: [/*]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.582 info 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.requestmappinghandleradapter : looking for @controlleradvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.annotationconfigembeddedwebapplicationcontext@7f416310: startup date [thu oct 25 23:52:42 cst 2018]; root of context hierarchy

2018-10-25 23:52:45.705 info 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.requestmappinghandlermapping : mapped "{[/demo],methods=[post]}" onto public void com.cfxmn.springboot.springbootdemo.controller.democontroller.demotest()

2018-10-25 23:52:45.710 info 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.requestmappinghandlermapping : mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.responseentity<java.util.map<java.lang.string, java.lang.object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.basicerrorcontroller.error(javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest)

2018-10-25 23:52:45.711 info 1700 --- [      main] s.w.s.m.m.a.requestmappinghandlermapping : mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.modelandview org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.basicerrorcontroller.errorhtml(javax.servlet.http.httpservletrequest,javax.servlet.http.httpservletresponse)

2018-10-25 23:52:45.759 info 1700 --- [      main] o.s.w.s.handler.simpleurlhandlermapping : mapped url path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.resourcehttprequesthandler]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.759 info 1700 --- [      main] o.s.w.s.handler.simpleurlhandlermapping : mapped url path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.resourcehttprequesthandler]

2018-10-25 23:52:45.817 info 1700 --- [      main] o.s.w.s.handler.simpleurlhandlermapping : mapped url path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.resourcehttprequesthandler]

2018-10-25 23:52:46.321 info 1700 --- [      main] o.s.j.e.a.annotationmbeanexporter    : registering beans for jmx exposure on startup

2018-10-25 23:52:46.529 info 1700 --- [      main] s.b.c.e.t.tomcatembeddedservletcontainer : tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)

2018-10-25 23:52:46.599 info 1700 --- [      main] c.c.s.s.springbootdemoapplication    : started springbootdemoapplication in 5.092 seconds (jvm running for 5.764) 

从启动日志标黄的部分可以看出,项目启动成功了,访问端口默认是8080(这个端口是可以改动的)

下面我们通过postman请求下,

springboot学习之构建简单项目搭建步骤详解

查看控制台

2018-10-25 23:59:26.385 info 1700 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] c.c.s.s.controller.democontroller    : success call

说明调用成功。

到此,一个简单的springboot项目就构建完成了,但这只是一个空的架子,内容还可载丰富。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。