C# .NET中Socket简单实用框架的使用教程
前言
一说到socket,想必大家都或多或少有所涉及,从最初的计算机网络课程,讲述了tcp协议,而socket就是对协议的进一步封装,使我们开发人员能够更加容易轻松的进行软件之间的通信。
这个星期刚好接受一个共享车位锁的项目,需要使用socket与硬件进行通信控制,说白了也就是给锁发送指令,控制其打开或者关闭,再就是对app开放操作接口,使其方便测试以及用户的使用。这其中核心就是socket的使用,再开发出这个功能之后,我发现使用起来很不方便,于是耗时2天抽象其核心功能并封装成框架,最后使用这个框架将原来的项目重构并上线,极大的提高了软件的可拓展性,健壮性,容错率。
个人坚信的原则:万物皆对象
好了,不废话了,下面进入正文
正文:
1、首先简单讲下c#中socket的简单使用。
第一步:服务端监听某个端口
第二步:客户端向服务端地址和端口发起socket连接请求
第三步:服务端收到连接请求后创建socket连接,并维护这个连接队列。
第四步:客户端和服务端已经建立双工通信(即双向通信),客户端和服务端可以轻松方便的给彼此发送信息。
至于简单使用的具体实现代码全部被我封装到项目中了,如果需要学习简单的实现,可以看我的源码,也可以自行百度,有很多的教程
2、核心,框架的使用
其实,说其为框架,可能有点牵强,因为每个人对框架都有自己的理解,但是类库和框架又有什么本质区别呢?全部都是代码~哈哈,扯远了
首先,空说无凭,先放上所有的代码:
服务端源文件:
socketserver.cs
using system; using system.collections.generic; using system.net; using system.net.sockets; namespace coldairarrow.util.sockets { /// <summary> /// socket服务端 /// </summary> public class socketserver { #region 构造函数 /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="ip">监听的ip地址</param> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public socketserver(string ip, int port) { _ip = ip; _port = port; } /// <summary> /// 构造函数,监听ip地址默认为本机0.0.0.0 /// </summary> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public socketserver(int port) { _ip = "0.0.0.0"; _port = port; } #endregion #region 内部成员 private socket _socket = null; private string _ip = ""; private int _port = 0; private bool _islisten = true; private void startlisten() { try { _socket.beginaccept(asyncresult => { try { socket newsocket = _socket.endaccept(asyncresult); //马上进行下一轮监听,增加吞吐量 if (_islisten) startlisten(); socketconnection newclient = new socketconnection(newsocket, this) { handlerecmsg = handlerecmsg == null ? null : new action<byte[], socketconnection, socketserver>(handlerecmsg), handleclientclose = handleclientclose == null ? null : new action<socketconnection, socketserver>(handleclientclose), handlesendmsg = handlesendmsg == null ? null : new action<byte[], socketconnection, socketserver>(handlesendmsg), handleexception = handleexception == null ? null : new action<exception>(handleexception) }; newclient.startrecmsg(); clientlist.addlast(newclient); handlenewclientconnected?.invoke(this, newclient); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始服务,监听客户端 /// </summary> public void startserver() { try { //实例化套接字(ip4寻址协议,流式传输,tcp协议) _socket = new socket(addressfamily.internetwork, sockettype.stream, protocoltype.tcp); //创建ip对象 ipaddress address = ipaddress.parse(_ip); //创建网络节点对象包含ip和port ipendpoint endpoint = new ipendpoint(address, _port); //将 监听套接字绑定到 对应的ip和端口 _socket.bind(endpoint); //设置监听队列长度为int32最大值(同时能够处理连接请求数量) _socket.listen(int.maxvalue); //开始监听客户端 startlisten(); handleserverstarted?.invoke(this); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 所有连接的客户端列表 /// </summary> public linkedlist<socketconnection> clientlist { get; set; } = new linkedlist<socketconnection>(); /// <summary> /// 关闭指定客户端连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="theclient">指定的客户端连接</param> public void closeclient(socketconnection theclient) { theclient.close(); } #endregion #region 公共事件 /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public action<exception> handleexception { get; set; } #endregion #region 服务端事件 /// <summary> /// 服务启动后执行 /// </summary> public action<socketserver> handleserverstarted { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 当新客户端连接后执行 /// </summary> public action<socketserver, socketconnection> handlenewclientconnected { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 服务端关闭客户端后执行 /// </summary> public action<socketserver, socketconnection> handlecloseclient { get; set; } #endregion #region 客户端连接事件 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用 /// </summary> public action<byte[], socketconnection, socketserver> handlerecmsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public action<byte[], socketconnection, socketserver> handlesendmsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public action<socketconnection, socketserver> handleclientclose { get; set; } #endregion } }
using system; using system.net.sockets; using system.text; namespace coldairarrow.util.sockets { /// <summary> /// socket连接,双向通信 /// </summary> public class socketconnection { #region 构造函数 public socketconnection(socket socket,socketserver server) { _socket = socket; _server = server; } #endregion #region 私有成员 private readonly socket _socket; private bool _isrec=true; private socketserver _server = null; private bool issocketconnected() { bool part1 = _socket.poll(1000, selectmode.selectread); bool part2 = (_socket.available == 0); if (part1 && part2) return false; else return true; } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始接受客户端消息 /// </summary> public void startrecmsg() { try { byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; _socket.beginreceive(container, 0, container.length, socketflags.none, asyncresult => { try { int length = _socket.endreceive(asyncresult); //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量 if (length > 0 && _isrec && issocketconnected()) startrecmsg(); if (length > 0) { byte[] recbytes = new byte[length]; array.copy(container, 0, recbytes, 0, length); //处理消息 handlerecmsg?.invoke(recbytes, this, _server); } else close(); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); close(); } }, null); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); close(); } } /// <summary> /// 发送数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param> public void send(byte[] bytes) { try { _socket.beginsend(bytes, 0, bytes.length, socketflags.none, asyncresult => { try { int length = _socket.endsend(asyncresult); handlesendmsg?.invoke(bytes, this, _server); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(默认使用utf-8编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgstr">字符串</param> public void send(string msgstr) { send(encoding.utf8.getbytes(msgstr)); } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgstr">字符串消息</param> /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param> public void send(string msgstr,encoding encoding) { send(encoding.getbytes(msgstr)); } /// <summary> /// 传入自定义属性 /// </summary> public object property { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 关闭当前连接 /// </summary> public void close() { try { _isrec = false; _socket.disconnect(false); _server.clientlist.remove(this); handleclientclose?.invoke(this, _server); _socket.close(); _socket.dispose(); gc.collect(); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 事件处理 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用 /// </summary> public action<byte[], socketconnection, socketserver> handlerecmsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public action<byte[], socketconnection, socketserver> handlesendmsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public action<socketconnection, socketserver> handleclientclose { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public action<exception> handleexception { get; set; } #endregion } }
using system; using system.net; using system.net.sockets; using system.text; namespace coldairarrow.util.sockets { /// <summary> /// socket客户端 /// </summary> public class socketclient { #region 构造函数 /// <summary> /// 构造函数,连接服务器ip地址默认为本机127.0.0.1 /// </summary> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public socketclient(int port) { _ip = "127.0.0.1"; _port = port; } /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="ip">监听的ip地址</param> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public socketclient(string ip, int port) { _ip = ip; _port = port; } #endregion #region 内部成员 private socket _socket = null; private string _ip = ""; private int _port = 0; private bool _isrec=true; private bool issocketconnected() { bool part1 = _socket.poll(1000, selectmode.selectread); bool part2 = (_socket.available == 0); if (part1 && part2) return false; else return true; } /// <summary> /// 开始接受客户端消息 /// </summary> public void startrecmsg() { try { byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; _socket.beginreceive(container, 0, container.length, socketflags.none, asyncresult => { try { int length = _socket.endreceive(asyncresult); //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量 if (length > 0 && _isrec && issocketconnected()) startrecmsg(); if (length > 0) { byte[] recbytes = new byte[length]; array.copy(container, 0, recbytes, 0, length); //处理消息 handlerecmsg?.invoke(recbytes, this); } else close(); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); close(); } }, null); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); close(); } } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始服务,连接服务端 /// </summary> public void startclient() { try { //实例化 套接字 (ip4寻址协议,流式传输,tcp协议) _socket = new socket(addressfamily.internetwork, sockettype.stream, protocoltype.tcp); //创建 ip对象 ipaddress address = ipaddress.parse(_ip); //创建网络节点对象 包含 ip和port ipendpoint endpoint = new ipendpoint(address, _port); //将 监听套接字 绑定到 对应的ip和端口 _socket.beginconnect(endpoint, asyncresult => { try { _socket.endconnect(asyncresult); //开始接受服务器消息 startrecmsg(); handleclientstarted?.invoke(this); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param> public void send(byte[] bytes) { try { _socket.beginsend(bytes, 0, bytes.length, socketflags.none, asyncresult => { try { int length = _socket.endsend(asyncresult); handlesendmsg?.invoke(bytes, this); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(默认使用utf-8编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgstr">字符串</param> public void send(string msgstr) { send(encoding.utf8.getbytes(msgstr)); } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgstr">字符串消息</param> /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param> public void send(string msgstr, encoding encoding) { send(encoding.getbytes(msgstr)); } /// <summary> /// 传入自定义属性 /// </summary> public object property { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 关闭与服务器的连接 /// </summary> public void close() { try { _isrec = false; _socket.disconnect(false); handleclientclose?.invoke(this); } catch (exception ex) { handleexception?.invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 事件处理 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接建立后回调 /// </summary> public action<socketclient> handleclientstarted { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 处理接受消息的委托 /// </summary> public action<byte[], socketclient> handlerecmsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public action<byte[], socketclient> handlesendmsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public action<socketclient> handleclientclose { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public action<exception> handleexception { get; set; } #endregion } }
上面放上的是框架代码,接下来介绍下如何使用
首先,服务端使用方式:
using coldairarrow.util.sockets; using system; using system.text; namespace console_server { class program { static void main(string[] args) { //创建服务器对象,默认监听本机0.0.0.0,端口12345 socketserver server = new socketserver(12345); //处理从客户端收到的消息 server.handlerecmsg = new action<byte[], socketconnection, socketserver>((bytes, client, theserver) => { string msg = encoding.utf8.getstring(bytes); console.writeline($"收到消息:{msg}"); }); //处理服务器启动后事件 server.handleserverstarted = new action<socketserver>(theserver => { console.writeline("服务已启动************"); }); //处理新的客户端连接后的事件 server.handlenewclientconnected = new action<socketserver, socketconnection>((theserver, thecon) => { console.writeline($@"一个新的客户端接入,当前连接数:{theserver.clientlist.count}"); }); //处理客户端连接关闭后的事件 server.handleclientclose = new action<socketconnection, socketserver>((thecon, theserver) => { console.writeline($@"一个客户端关闭,当前连接数为:{theserver.clientlist.count}"); }); //处理异常 server.handleexception = new action<exception>(ex => { console.writeline(ex.message); }); //服务器启动 server.startserver(); while (true) { console.writeline("输入:quit,关闭服务器"); string op = console.readline(); if (op == "quit") break; } } } }
客户端使用方式:
using coldairarrow.util.sockets; using system; using system.text; namespace console_client { class program { static void main(string[] args) { //创建客户端对象,默认连接本机127.0.0.1,端口为12345 socketclient client = new socketclient(12345); //绑定当收到服务器发送的消息后的处理事件 client.handlerecmsg = new action<byte[], socketclient>((bytes, theclient) => { string msg = encoding.utf8.getstring(bytes); console.writeline($"收到消息:{msg}"); }); //绑定向服务器发送消息后的处理事件 client.handlesendmsg = new action<byte[], socketclient>((bytes, theclient) => { string msg = encoding.utf8.getstring(bytes); console.writeline($"向服务器发送消息:{msg}"); }); //开始运行客户端 client.startclient(); while (true) { console.writeline("输入:quit关闭客户端,输入其它消息发送到服务器"); string str = console.readline(); if (str == "quit") { client.close(); break; } else { client.send(str); } } } } }
最后运行测试截图:
总结:
其最方便之处在于,将如何创建连接封装掉,使用人员只需关注连接后发送什么数据,接收到数据后应该如何处理,等等其它的很多事件的处理,这其中主要依托于匿名委托的使用,lambda表达式的使用。
框架里面主要使用了异步通讯,以及如何控制连接,详细我就不多说了,大家应该一看就懂,我只希望能给大家带来便利。
好了,以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对的支持。
最后,附上所有源码项目地址,若觉得有一定价值,还请点赞~
github地址:https://github.com/coldairarrow/sockets
本地下载:http://xiazai.jb51.net/201709/yuanma/sockets(jb51.net).rar