负载均衡的高可用集群(5)-haproxy的介绍及负载均衡服务器部署
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2024-01-23 12:21:40
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一、Haproxy介绍
HAProxy是一个特别适用于高可用性环境的TCP/HTTP开源的反向代理和负载均衡软件。实现了一种事件驱动,单一进程模型,支持非常大的并发连接,是因为事件驱动模型有更好的资源和时间管理的用户端(user-space)实现这些业务
- 在7层负载均衡方面的功能很强大(支持cookie track, header rewrite等等)
- 支持双机热备
- 支持虚拟主机
- 支持健康检查
- 同时还提供直观的监控页面,可以清晰实时的监控服务集群的运行状况。
- 同时支持Linux 2.6内核中System Epoll,通过简化系统调用,大幅的提高了网络I/O性能。
二、HAProxy配置
- 命令行参数,这是最优先的;
- global(全局)段,设置进程级参数;
- 代理配置段,通常位于default,listen,backend这样的形式内。
- 配置文件的语法是由关键字后跟可选的一个或者多个参数(参数之间有空格)组成。如果字符串中包含空格,必须用’\’进行转义
三.haproxy负载均衡服务器部署
实验环境
server3(haproxy服务器,关掉http) | 172.25.254.3 |
server4(httpd后台服务器) | 172.25.254.4 |
server5(httpd后台服务器) | 172.25.254.5 |
(1)在server3上安装haproxy,运用系统自带的haproxy安装包
yum install haproxy -y
(2)启动服务 配置haproxy.cfg
systemctl start haproxy
[aaa@qq.com haproxy]# cat haproxy.cfg
global
# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
# need to:
#
# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done
# by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
# file. A line like the following can be added to
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log
#
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# turn on stats unix socket
stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
mode http
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# main frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
frontend main *:80
# acl url_static path_beg -i /static /images /javascript /stylesheets
# acl url_static path_end -i .jpg .gif .png .css .js
# use_backend static if url_static
default_backend app
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#backend static
# balance roundrobin
# server static 127.0.0.1:4331 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend app
balance roundrobin
server app1 172.25.254.4:80 check
server app2 172.25.254.5:80 check
(3)修改完配置文件 重启服务
(4)测试 在server1上(172.25.254.1)
curl 172.25.254.3
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