Android编程实现闹钟的方法详解

本文实例讲述了android编程实现闹钟的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

在android中，有一个闹钟的类，alarmmanager类，我们可以通过其来对系统内的通知进行操作！

本文用到了service和broadcast两个后台管理，在处理时，曾出现过很多问题，但经过半天的努力，终于解决了！

首先是main.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  >
<textview
  android:id="@+id/mtext"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="@string/hello"
  />
  <button
  android:id="@+id/settimebutton"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="@string/settimebutton"
  />
  <button
  android:id="@+id/cancelbutton"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="@string/cancelbutton"
  />
</linearlayout>

mainactivity.java:

package com.chiefcto.alarm;
import java.text.format;
import java.util.calendar;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alarmmanager;
import android.app.pendingintent;
import android.app.timepickerdialog;
import android.content.intent;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.onclicklistener;
import android.widget.button;
import android.widget.textview;
import android.widget.timepicker;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
  //properties
  private button msetbutton;
  private button mcancelbutton;
  private alermreceiver uireceiver;
  private textview mtextview;
  //就用了java的日历
  private calendar calendar;
  /** called when the activity is first created. */
  @override
  public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.main);
    calendar = calendar.getinstance();
    mtextview = (textview)this.findviewbyid(r.id.mtext);
    msetbutton = (button)this.findviewbyid(r.id.settimebutton);
    mcancelbutton = (button)findviewbyid(r.id.cancelbutton);
    msetbutton.setonclicklistener(new onclicklistener() {
      @override
      public void onclick(view v) {
        // todo auto-generated method stub
        calendar.settimeinmillis(system.currenttimemillis());
        int hour = calendar.get(calendar.hour_of_day);
        int minute = calendar.get(calendar.minute);
        new timepickerdialog(mainactivity.this, new timepickerdialog.ontimesetlistener() {
          @override
          public void ontimeset(timepicker view, int hourofday, int minute) {
            calendar.settimeinmillis(system.currenttimemillis());
            //set(f, value) changes field f to value.
            calendar.set(calendar.hour_of_day, hourofday);
            calendar.set(calendar.minute, minute);
            calendar.set(calendar.second, 0);
            calendar.set(calendar.millisecond, 0);
            intent intent = new intent(mainactivity.this, alermreceiver.class);
            intent.putextra("music", true);
            pendingintent pendingintent = pendingintent.getbroadcast(mainactivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
            alarmmanager am;
            //获取系统进程
            am = (alarmmanager)getsystemservice(alarm_service);
            am.set(alarmmanager.rtc_wakeup, calendar.gettimeinmillis(), pendingintent);
            //设置周期！！
            am.setrepeating(alarmmanager.rtc_wakeup, system.currenttimemillis()+(10*1000), (24*60*60*1000), pendingintent);
            string tmps = "设置闹钟时间为："+format(hourofday)+":"+format(minute);
            mtextview.settext(tmps);
          }
        },hour,minute,true).show();
      }
    });
    mcancelbutton.setonclicklistener(new onclicklistener() {
      @override
      public void onclick(view v) {
        intent intent = new intent(mainactivity.this, alermreceiver.class);
        intent.putextra("music", true);
        pendingintent pendingintent = pendingintent.getbroadcast(mainactivity.this, 0, intent, 0);
        alarmmanager am;
        //获取系统进程
        am = (alarmmanager)getsystemservice(alarm_service);
        //cancel
        am.cancel(pendingintent);
        mtextview.settext("取消了！");
      }
    });
  }
  private string format(int x) {
    string s = ""+x;
    if(s.length() == 1)
      s = "0"+s;
    return s;
  }
}

alarmservice.java

package com.chiefcto.alarm;
import java.io.ioexception;
import android.app.service;
import android.content.context;
import android.content.intent;
import android.media.audiomanager;
import android.media.mediaplayer;
import android.media.ringtonemanager;
import android.net.uri;
import android.os.binder;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.os.ibinder;
public class alarmservice extends service {
  // mediaplayer实例
  private mediaplayer player;
  // ibinder实例
  @override
  public ibinder onbind(intent intent) {
    playmusic();
    return null;
  }
  @override
  public void oncreate() {
    // todo auto-generated method stub
    super.oncreate();
    playmusic();
  }
  @override
  public void ondestroy() {
    // todo auto-generated method stub
    super.ondestroy();
    if (player != null) {
      player.stop();
      player.release();
    }
  }
  @override
  public void onstart(intent intent, int startid) {
    // todo auto-generated method stub
    super.onstart(intent, startid);
     if (intent != null) {
        bundle bundle = intent.getextras();
        if (bundle != null) {
          if(bundle.getboolean("music"))
            playmusic();
          else
            stopmusic();
        }
      }
  }
  public void playmusic() {
    if(player == null) {
      uri uri = ringtonemanager.getdefaulturi(ringtonemanager.type_alarm);
      try {
        player = new mediaplayer();
        player.setdatasource(this, uri);
        final audiomanager audiomanager = (audiomanager)this
            .getsystemservice(context.audio_service);
        if (audiomanager.getstreamvolume(audiomanager.stream_alarm) != 0) {
          player.setaudiostreamtype(audiomanager.stream_alarm);
          player.setlooping(true);
          player.prepare();
        }
      } catch (illegalstateexception e) {
        e.printstacktrace();
      } catch (ioexception e) {
        e.printstacktrace();
      }
    }
    if(!player.isplaying()) {
      player.start();
    }
  }
  public void stopmusic() {
    if (player != null) {
      player.stop();
      try {
        // 在调用stop后如果需要再次通过start进行播放,需要之前调用prepare函数
        player.prepare();
      } catch (ioexception ex) {
        ex.printstacktrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

下面就是本文的关键性代码，了解activity到broadcast的机制，这小应用就很好实现了~

alermreceiver.java

package com.chiefcto.alarm;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.util.calendar;
import android.content.broadcastreceiver;
import android.content.context;
import android.content.intent;
import android.media.audiomanager;
import android.media.mediaplayer;
import android.media.ringtonemanager;
import android.net.uri;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.util.log;
import android.widget.toast;
public class alermreceiver extends broadcastreceiver {
  private mediaplayer mmediaplayer;
  context context;
  @override
  public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) {
    // todo auto-generated method stub
    calendar calendar = calendar.getinstance();
    calendar.settimeinmillis(system.currenttimemillis());
    int minute = calendar.get(calendar.minute);
    charsequence text = string.valueof(minute);
    toast.maketext(context, text, toast.length_long).show();
    this.context = context;
    bundle bundle = intent.getextras();
    intent serviceintent = new intent("chief_musicservice");
    serviceintent.putextras(bundle);
    if(bundle != null) {
      log.i("cto", string.valueof(bundle.getboolean("music")));
      if(bundle.getboolean("music"))
        context.startservice(serviceintent);
      else
        context.stopservice(serviceintent);
    }
    //在这里是播放不了的！！
    //playalarmring();
  }
  private void playalarmring() {
    uri uri = ringtonemanager.getdefaulturi(ringtonemanager.type_alarm);
    try {
      mmediaplayer = new mediaplayer();
      mmediaplayer.setdatasource(context, uri);
      final audiomanager audiomanager = (audiomanager) context
          .getsystemservice(context.audio_service);
      if (audiomanager.getstreamvolume(audiomanager.stream_alarm) != 0) {
        mmediaplayer.setaudiostreamtype(audiomanager.stream_alarm);
        mmediaplayer.setlooping(true);
        mmediaplayer.prepare();
      }
    } catch (illegalstateexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    } catch (ioexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    mmediaplayer.start();
  }
  private void stopalarmring() {
    mmediaplayer.stop();
  }
}

要注意的是mainifest.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   package="com.chiefcto.alarm"
   android:versioncode="1"
   android:versionname="1.0">
  <uses-sdk android:minsdkversion="7" />
  <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
    <activity android:name=".mainactivity"
         android:label="@string/app_name">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.main" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.launcher" />
      </intent-filter>
    </activity>
    <service android:name=".alarmservice">
      <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="chief_musicservice"/>
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.default"/>
      </intent-filter>
    </service>
    <receiver android:name=".alermreceiver" android:process=":remote"/>
  </application>
  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.mout_unmount_filesystems"/>
</manifest>

注：在模拟器中是运行不了的~

ps：关于androidmanifest.xml文件相关属性功能可参考本站在线工具：

android manifest功能与权限描述大全：
http://tools.jb51.net/table/androidmanifest

更多关于android相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《android开发入门与进阶教程》、《android调试技巧与常见问题解决方法汇总》、《android基本组件用法总结》、《android视图view技巧总结》、《android布局layout技巧总结》及《android控件用法总结》

希望本文所述对大家android程序设计有所帮助。