java实现验证码小程序
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2023-12-13 11:52:40
手动制作java的验证码,具体内容如下
web应用验证码的组成:
(1)输入框
(2)显示验证码的图片
验证码的制作流程:
生成验证码的容器使用 j2ee的s...
手动制作java的验证码,具体内容如下
web应用验证码的组成:
(1)输入框
(2)显示验证码的图片
验证码的制作流程:
生成验证码的容器使用 j2ee的servlet
生成图片需要的类:
(1) bufferedimage 图像数据缓冲区
(2)graphic绘制图片
(3)color获取颜色
(4)random生成随机数
(5)imageio输入图片
具体实现流程:
(1)定义一个servlet,用于生成验证码
(2)定已bufferedimage对象,主要作用就是制作一个图片缓冲区,作为图片的一个临时容器。
(3)获得graphic对象,画图的“背景”,理解为"画布"
(4)通过random生成随机数,来制作验证信息
(5)通过graphic操作,进行具体画图
(6)信息存至session中
(7)使用imageio输出生成的图片,通过设置imageio的 write()方法中的out参数,response.getoutputstream(),将图片传至前台
(8)制作验证用的servlet,提取session中的数据进行验证(这里采用ajax异步方法)
具体代码实现(web端验证码实例)
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>java验证码</title> <script src="https://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> 验证码输入:<input type="text" name="checkcode"> <img id="codeimg" alt="验证码" src="imageservlet"> <a href="javascript:reloadcode();">看不出清楚?</a><br/> <input type="submit" value="提交"> <div id="info" style="color:red;"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ //ajax异步传验证码至后台 $("input[type=submit]").click(function(){ $.post("checkcode", {"code":$("input[name=checkcode]").val()}, function(data,textstatus) { console.log(textstatus); $("#info").html(data); },"text"); }); }) //js刷新,重新请求页面,获得新的验证码 function reloadcode(){ var time = new date().gettime();//创建不同的时间 $("#codeimg").attr("src","imageservlet?time="+time);//因为时间参数不同,请求重新 } </script> </body> </html>
imageservlet类(验证码生成部分)
@webservlet("/imageservlet") public class imageservlet extends httpservlet { private static final long serialversionuid = 1l; /** * @see httpservlet#httpservlet() */ public imageservlet() { super(); // todo auto-generated constructor stub } /** * @see httpservlet#doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) */ protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { // todo auto-generated method stub bufferedimage bimg = new bufferedimage(68, 22, bufferedimage.type_int_rgb); graphics g = bimg.getgraphics(); color color = new color(200,151,255);//颜色生成 g.setcolor(color); g.fillrect(0, 0, 68, 22); char[] ch="abcdefghjiklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789".tochararray();//获得一个含有字母和数字的数组,后续随机从中获取字符 random random = new random(); //创建随机数 int len = ch.length,index; stringbuffer sbuffer = new stringbuffer(); //循环产生4个随机字符 for(int i = 0 ;i<4;i++) { index = random.nextint(len);//产生随机字母与数字 g.setcolor(new color(random.nextint(88),random.nextint(120),random.nextint(90)));//创建随机颜色 g.drawstring(ch[index]+"", (i)*15+3, 18); sbuffer.append(ch[index]);//将随机获取的字符放置缓冲串中 } request.getsession().setattribute("newcode", sbuffer.tostring());//存至session便于后续验证 imageio.write(bimg, "jpg", response.getoutputstream());//通过imageio输出图片,并传至前台 } /** * @see httpservlet#dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) */ protected void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { // todo auto-generated method stub doget(request, response); } }
checkcode(验证码验证servlet)
@webservlet("/checkcode") public class checkcode extends httpservlet { private static final long serialversionuid = 1l; /** * @see httpservlet#httpservlet() */ public checkcode() { super(); // todo auto-generated constructor stub } /** * @see httpservlet#doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) */ protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { // todo auto-generated method stub response.setcharacterencoding("utf-8"); string code = request.getparameter("code").touppercase();//获取传来验证码并进行大小写转换 string result=null; if(request.getsession().getattribute("newcode").equals(code)) { result="验证成功!"; response.getwriter().append(result); } else { result="验证码错误!"; response.getwriter().append(result); } } /** * @see httpservlet#dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) */ protected void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception { // todo auto-generated method stub doget(request, response); } }
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