欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  IT编程

Python实现的Excel文件读写类

程序员文章站 2023-12-05 18:16:04
本文实例讲述了Python实现的Excel文件读写类。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下: #coding=utf-8 ######################...

本文实例讲述了Python实现的Excel文件读写类。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:

#coding=utf-8
#######################################################
#filename:ExcelRW.py
#author:defias
#date:2015-4-27
#function:read or write excel file
#######################################################
import xlrd
import xlwt
import xlutils.copy 
import os.path
class XlsEngine():
  """
  The XlsEngine is a class for excel operation
  Usage: 
    xlseng = XlsEngine('filePath') 
  """
  def __init__(self,xlsname):
    """
    define class variable
    """
    self.xls_name = xlsname #file name
    self.xlrd_object = None #workbook object
    self.isopentrue = False #file open flag
  def open(self):
    """
    open a xls file
    Usage:
      xlseng.open()
    """
    try:
      self.xlrd_object = xlrd.open_workbook(self.xls_name)
      self.isopentrue = True
      print('[%s,%s].'%(self.isopentrue,self.xlrd_object))
    except:
      self.isopentrue = False
      self.xlrd_object = None
      print('open %s failed.'%self.xls_name)
  def info(self):
    """
    show xls file information
    Usage:
      xlseng.info()    
    """
    if self.isopentrue == True:
      for sheetname in self.xlrd_object.sheet_names():
        worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)
        print('%s:(%d row,%d col).'%(sheetname,worksheet.nrows,worksheet.ncols))
    else:
      print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)
  def readcell(self,sheetname='sheet1',rown=0,coln=0):
    """
    read file's a cell content
    Usage:
      xlseng.readcell('sheetname',rown,coln)
    """
    try:
      if self.isopentrue == True:
        worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()
        if sheetname not in worksheets:
          print('%s is not exit.'%sheetname)
          return False
        worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)
        cell = worksheet.cell_value(rown,coln)
        print('[file:%s,sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s]:%s.'%(self.xls_name,sheetname,rown,coln,cell))
      else:
        print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('readcell is false! please check sheetn rown and coln is right.')
  def readrow(self,sheetname='sheet1',rown=0):
    """
    read file's a row content
    Usage:
      xlseng.readrow('sheetname',rown)
    """
    try:
      if self.isopentrue == True:
        worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()
        if sheetname not in worksheets:
          print('%s is not exit.'%sheetname)
          return False        
        worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)
        row = worksheet.row_values(rown)
        print('[file:%s,sheet:%s,row:%s]:%s.'%(self.xls_name,sheetname,rown,row))
      else:
        print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('readrow is false! please check sheetn rown is right.')
  def readcol(self,sheetname='sheet1',coln=0):
    """
    read file's a col content
    Usage:
      xlseng.readcol('sheetname',coln)
    """
    try:
      if self.isopentrue == True:
        worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()
        if sheetname not in worksheets:
          print('%s is not exit.'%sheetname)
          return False
        worksheet = self.xlrd_object.sheet_by_name(sheetname)
        col = worksheet.col_values(coln)
        print('[file:%s,sheet:%s,col:%s]:%s.'%(self.xls_name,sheetname,coln,col))
      else:
        print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('readcol is false! please check sheetn coln is right.')
  def writecell(self,value='',sheetn=0,rown=0,coln=0):
    """
    write a cell to file,other cell is not change
    Usage:
       xlseng.writecell('str',sheetn,rown,coln)
    """
    try:
      if self.isopentrue == True:
        xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)
        worksheet = xlrd_objectc.get_sheet(sheetn)
        worksheet.write(rown,coln,value)
        xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)
        print('writecell value:%s to [sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s] is ture.'%(value,sheetn,rown,coln))
      else:
        print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('writecell is false! please check.')
  def writerow(self,values='',sheetn=0,rown=0,coln=0):
    """
    write a row to file,other row and cell is not change
    Usage:
      xlseng.writerow('str1,str2,str3...strn',sheetn,rown.coln)
    """
    try:
      if self.isopentrue == True:
        xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)
        worksheet = xlrd_objectc.get_sheet(sheetn)
        values = values.split(',')
        for value in values:
          worksheet.write(rown,coln,value)
          coln += 1
        xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)
        print('writerow values:%s to [sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s] is ture.'%(values,sheetn,rown,coln))
      else:
        print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('writerow is false! please check.')
  def writecol(self,values='',sheetn=0,rown=0,coln=0):
    """
    write a col to file,other col and cell is not change
    Usage:
      xlseng.writecol('str1,str2,str3...',sheetn,rown.coln)
    """
    try:
      if self.isopentrue == True:
        xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)
        worksheet = xlrd_objectc.get_sheet(sheetn)
        values = values.split(',')
        for value in values:
          worksheet.write(rown,coln,value)
          rown += 1
        xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)
        print('writecol values:%s to [sheet:%s,row:%s,col:%s] is ture.'%(values,sheetn,rown,coln))
      else:
        print('file %s is not open.'%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('writecol is false! please check.')
  def filecreate(self,sheetnames='sheet1'):
    """
    create a empty xlsfile
    Usage:
      filecreate('sheetname1,sheetname2...')
    """
    try:
      if os.path.isfile(self.xls_name):
        print('%s is exit.'%self.xls_name)
        return False
      workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
      sheetnames = sheetnames.split(',')
      for sheetname in sheetnames:
        workbook.add_sheet(sheetname,cell_overwrite_ok=True)
      workbook.save(self.xls_name)
      print('%s is created.'%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('filerator is false! please check.')
  def addsheet(self,sheetnames='sheet1'):
    """
    add sheets to a exit xlsfile
    Usage:
      addsheet('sheetname1,sheetname2...')
    """
    try:
      if self.isopentrue == True:
        worksheets = self.xlrd_object.sheet_names()
        xlrd_objectc = xlutils.copy.copy(self.xlrd_object)
        sheetnames = sheetnames.split(',')
        for sheetname in sheetnames:
          if sheetname in worksheets:
            print('%s is exit.'%sheetname)
            return False
        for sheetname in sheetnames:
          xlrd_objectc.add_sheet(sheetname,cell_overwrite_ok=True)
        xlrd_objectc.save(self.xls_name)
        print('addsheet is ture.')
      else:
        print("file %s is not open \n"%self.xls_name)
    except:
      print('addsheet is false! please check.')
"""
    def chgsheet(self,sheetn,values):
    def clear(self):
""" 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
  #初始化对象
  xlseng = XlsEngine('E:\\Code\\Python\\test2.xls')
  #新建文件,可以指定要新建的sheet页面名称,默认值新建sheet1
  #print("\nxlseng.filecreate():")
  #xlseng.filecreate('newesheet1,newesheet2,newesheet3')
  #打开文件
  print("xlseng.open():")
  xlseng.open()
  #添加sheet页
  print("\nxlseng.addsheet():")
  xlseng.addsheet('addsheet1,addsheet2,addsheet3')
  #输出文件信息
  print("\nxlseng.info():")
  xlseng.info()
  #读取sheet1页第3行第3列单元格数据(默认读取sheet1页第1行第1列单元格数据)
  print("\nxlseng.readcell():")
  xlseng.readcell('sheet1',2,2)
  #读取sheet1页第2行的数据(默认读取sheet1页第1行的数据)
  print("\nxlseng.readrow():")
  xlseng.readrow('sheet1',1)
  #读取sheet1页第3列的数据(默认读取sheet1页第1列的数据)
  print("\nxlseng.readcol():")
  xlseng.readcol('sheet1',2)
  #向第一个sheet页的第2行第4列写字符串数据‘I am writecell writed'(默认向第一个sheet页的第1行第1列写空字符串)
  print("\nxlseng.writecell():")
  xlseng.writecell('I am writecell writed',0,1,3)
  #向第一个sheet页写一行数据,各列的值为‘rowstr1,rowstr2,rowstr3',从第3行第4列开始写入(默认向第一个sheet页写一行数据,值为‘',从第1行第1列开始写入)
  print("\nxlseng.writerow():")
  xlseng.writerow('rowstr1,rowstr2,rowstr3',0,2,3)
  #向第一个sheet页写一列数据,各行的值为‘colstr1,colstr2,colstr3,colstr4',从第4行第4列开始写入(默认向第一个sheet页写一列数据,值为‘',从第1行第1列开始写入)
  print("\nxlseng.writecol():")
  xlseng.writecol('colstr1,colstr2,colstr3,colstr4',0,3,3)

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。