流程控制(if、while、for)
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2023-11-22 21:35:22
流程控制 一、if判断 二、while循环 三、for循环 ......
一、if判断
# 1、语法一
if 条件:
#条件成立时执行的子代码块`
代码1
代码2
代码3
# 示例:
sex='female'
age=18
is_beautiful=true
if sex == 'female' and age > 16 and age < 20 and is_beautiful:
print('开始表白。。。')
print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...')
# 2、语法二
if 条件:
# 条件成立时执行的子代码块
代码1
代码2
代码3
else:
# 条件不成立时执行的子代码块
代码1
代码2
代码3
# 示例:
sex='female'
age=38
is_beautiful=true
if sex == 'female' and age > 16 and age < 20 and is_beautiful:
print('开始表白。。。')
else:
print('阿姨好。。。')
print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...')
# 3、语法三:
if 条件1:
if 条件2:
代码1
代码2
代码3
# 示例:
sex='female'
age=18
is_beautiful=true
is_successful=true
height=1.70
if sex == 'female' and age > 16 and age < 20 and is_beautiful \
and height > 1.60 and height < 1.80:
print('开始表白。。。')
if is_successful:
print('在一起。。。')
else:
print('什么爱情不爱情的,爱nmlgb的爱情,爱nmlg啊.')
else:
print('阿姨好。。。')
print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...')
# 4、语法四:
if 条件1:
代码1
代码2
代码3
elif 条件2:
代码1
代码2
代码3
elif 条件3:
代码1
代码2
代码3
.......
else:
代码1
代码2
代码3
示例:
'''
如果成绩 >= 90,那么:优秀
如果成绩 >= 80且 < 90, 那么:良好
如果成绩 >= 70且 < 80, 那么:普通
其他情况:很差
'''
score = input('please input your score: ') # score='100'
score = int(score)
if score >= 90:
print('优秀')
elif score >= 80:
print('良好')
elif score >= 70:
print('普通')
else:
print('很差')
二、while循环
# 语法:
while 条件:
代码1
代码2
代码3
while true:
name=input('please input your name: ')
pwd=input('please input your password: ')
if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':
print('login successful')
else:
print('username or password error')
# 结束while循环的两种方式
方式一:条件改为false,
在条件改为false时不会立即结束掉循环,而是要等到下一次循环判断条件时才会生效
tag=true
while tag:
name=input('please input your name: ')
pwd=input('please input your password: ')
if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':
print('login successful')
tag=false
else:
print('username or password error')
print('===>')
方式二:while+break
break一定要放在循环体内,一旦循环体执行到break就会立即结束本层循环
while true:
name=input('please input your name: ')
pwd=input('please input your password: ')
if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':
print('login successful')
break
else:
print('username or password error')
print('===>>>>>')
print('===>>>>>')
方式三:while+continue:结束本次循环,直接进入下一次循环
# 示例一
count=1
while count < 6: #count=6
if count == 4:
count += 1
continue
print(count)
count+=1
# 示例二:
while true:
name=input('please input your name: ')
pwd=input('please input your password: ')
if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':
print('login successful')
break
else:
print('username or password error')
# continue # 此处加continue无用
# 了解知识
# while + else:
while 条件:
代码1
代码2
代码3
else:
在循环结束后,并且在循环没有被break打断过的情况下,才会执行else的代码
tag=true
while tag:
print(1)
print(2)
print(3)
# tag=false
break
else:
print('else的代码')
while 条件1:
while 条件2:
代码1
代码2
代码3
示范一:
while true:
name=input('please input your name: ')
pwd=input('please input your password: ')
if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':
print('login successful')
while true:
print("""
0 退出
1 取款
2 转账
3 查询
""")
choice=input('请输入您要执行的操作:') #choice='1'
if choice == '0':
break
elif choice == '1':
print('取款。。。')
elif choice == '2':
print('转账。。。')
elif choice == '3':
print('查询')
else:
print('输入指令错误,请重新输入')
break
else:
print('username or password error')
# 示范二:
tag=true
while tag:
name=input('please input your name: ')
pwd=input('please input your password: ')
if name == 'egon' and pwd == '123':
print('login successful')
while tag:
print("""
0 退出
1 取款
2 转账
3 查询
""")
choice=input('请输入您要执行的操作:') #choice='1'
if choice == '0':
tag=false
elif choice == '1':
print('取款。。。')
elif choice == '2':
print('转账。。。')
elif choice == '3':
print('查询')
else:
print('输入指令错误,请重新输入')
else:
print('username or password error')
三、for循环
# for循环的强大之处在于循环取值
l=['a','b','c','d','e']
i=0
while i < len(l):
print(l[i])
i+=1
for x in l: # x='b'
print(x)
dic={'name':'egon','age':18,'gender':'male'}
for x in dic:
print(x,dic[x])
# for + break
nums=[11,22,33,44,55]
for x in nums:
if x == 44:
break
print(x)
# for + continue
nums=[11,22,33,44,55]
for x in nums:
if x == 22 or x == 44:
continue
print(x)
# for + else
names=['egon','kevin1111_dsb','alex_dsb','mac_dsb']
for name in names:
if name == 'kevin_dsb':
break
print(name)
else:
print('======>')
# for+ range()
# range的用法
>>> range(1,5)
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> for i in range(1,5):
... print(i)
...
1
2
3
4
>>> range(1,5,1)
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> range(1,5,2) # 1 3
[1, 3]
for i in range(5): # 0 1 2 3 4
print(i)
# for嵌套
for i in range(3):
for j in range(4):
print(i,j)
for i in [0,1,2]: # i=1
for j in [0,1,2,3]: # j=1
print(i,j)
0 0
0 1
0 2
0 3
1 0
1 1
1 2
1 3
2 0
2 1
2 2
2 3