Android实现实时通信示例

我们今天来聊下如何做实时通讯（先给知识点，实现原理，最后给出实现实时通信的具体代码--使用工具 android studio）
现在先说下用到的知识点：

1. java的socket包括服务端和客户端,  这个是用来实现通信
2. java的多线程,这个是用来实现实时通信
3. java的线程通信,实现界面实时更新

实现原理

就是将发送端，接收端分别放进一个线程去运行，然后利用线程通信类handler来进行线程间的通信，实现界面的通信

实现代码：

权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.access_wifi_state"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.change_wifi_state"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.wake_lock"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.internet"/>

layout   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  android:id="@+id/activity_main"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  tools:context="com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.mainactivity"
  android:weightsum="10">
  <button
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:background="#03a9f4"
    android:textcolor="#ffffffff"
    android:textsize="30sp"
    android:text="ip"
    android:id="@+id/myip"/>
  <!--点击开始聊天-->
  <linearlayout
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:weightsum="10">
    <!--ip-->
    <edittext
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:layout_weight="1"
      android:id="@+id/ip"
      android:hint="请写入对方通讯地址ip"
      />
  </linearlayout>

  <!--显示聊天记录-->
  <edittext
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="7"
    android:gravity="top"
    android:editable="false"
    android:scrollbars="vertical"
    android:id="@+id/receivemessage"/>

  <!--用于写入发送信息和按钮-->
  <linearlayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="1">

    <edittext
      android:layout_width="0dp"
      android:layout_weight="8"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:hint="填写要发送的信息"
      android:id="@+id/message"/>
    <button
      android:layout_width="0dp"
      android:layout_weight="2"
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
      android:text="发送消息"
      android:background="#03a9f4"
      android:textcolor="#ffffffff"
      android:id="@+id/sendmessage"/>
  </linearlayout>


</linearlayout>

客户端类

package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;

import java.io.bufferedreader;
import java.io.bufferedwriter;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.inputstreamreader;
import java.io.outputstreamwriter;
import java.net.socket;
import java.net.unknownhostexception;

/**
 * created by asus on 2017/3/16.
 */

public class chatclient {
  public socket requestsocket(string host) throws unknownhostexception,ioexception{
    socket socket=new socket(host,5000);
    return socket;
  }

  public void sendmsg(socket socket,string msg)throws ioexception{
    bufferedwriter writer=new bufferedwriter(
        new outputstreamwriter(socket.getoutputstream())
    );
    writer.write(msg.replace("\n","")+"\n");
    writer.flush();
  }

  public string receivemsg(socket socket)throws ioexception{
    bufferedreader reader=new bufferedreader(
        new inputstreamreader(socket.getinputstream())
    );
    string txt=reader.readline();
    return txt;
  }
}

服务端类

package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;
import android.os.handler;
import android.os.message;
import android.util.log;

import java.io.bufferedreader;
import java.io.bufferedwriter;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.inputstreamreader;
import java.io.outputstreamwriter;
import java.net.serversocket;
import java.net.socket;

/**
 * created by asus on 2017/3/16.
 */

public class chatserver extends thread {
  public  chatserver() throws ioexception {
      createsocket();
  }
  public void run(){
    socket client;
    string txt;
    log.i("信息","成功开始服务器，端口为："+port);
    try{
      while (true){
        client=responsesocket();
        while(true){
          txt=receivemsg(client);
          system.out.println(txt);
          message message1 = new message();
          message1.obj =txt+"\n";
          com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.mainactivity.handler.sendmessage(message1);
          if(true)
            break;
        }
//        closesocket(client);
      }
    }catch (ioexception e){

    }
  }
  private handler mhandler = new handler(){
    public void handlemessage(message msg) {

    };
  };
  public serversocket server=null;
  private  int port =5000;
  private bufferedwriter writer;
  private bufferedreader reader;

  public void createsocket() throws ioexception{
    server=new serversocket(port,100);
  }

  public socket responsesocket() throws ioexception{
    socket client =server.accept();
    return client;
  }

  public void closesocket(socket socket) throws ioexception{
    reader.close();
    socket.close();
    server.close();
  }

  public void sendmsg(socket socket,string string)throws ioexception{
    writer=new bufferedwriter(
        new outputstreamwriter(socket.getoutputstream())
    );
    writer.write("msg"+string);
    writer.flush();
  }

  public string receivemsg(socket socket) throws ioexception{
    reader=new bufferedreader(
        new inputstreamreader(socket.getinputstream())
    );
        string txt ="对方:"+reader.readline();
    return txt;
  }

}

mainactivity类

package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;

import android.content.context;
import android.net.wifi.wifiinfo;
import android.net.wifi.wifimanager;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.os.handler;
import android.os.message;
import android.support.v7.app.appcompatactivity;
import android.text.clipboardmanager;
import android.util.log;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.inputmethod.inputmethodmanager;
import android.widget.button;
import android.widget.edittext;

import java.io.ioexception;
import java.net.socket;

import static com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.r.id.receivemessage;

public class mainactivity extends appcompatactivity {
  final chatserver chatserver=null;
  static string text="";
  static edittext receivemessage=null;
  final chatclient chatclient = new chatclient();
  @override
  protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
//    定义相关的变量
     receivemessage=(edittext) findviewbyid(receivemessage);
    final edittext message=(edittext)findviewbyid(r.id.message);
    final edittext ip = (edittext)findviewbyid(r.id.ip);
    final button sendmessage = (button)findviewbyid(r.id.sendmessage);
    final button myip =(button) findviewbyid(r.id.myip);
//    获取wifi下的ip地址并显示
    //获取wifi服务
    wifimanager wifimanager = (wifimanager) getsystemservice(context.wifi_service);
    //判断wifi是否开启
    if (!wifimanager.iswifienabled()) {
      wifimanager.setwifienabled(true);
    }
    wifiinfo wifiinfo = wifimanager.getconnectioninfo();
    int ipaddress = wifiinfo.getipaddress();
    string ip = inttoip(ipaddress);
    myip.settext(ip);

//   点击实现复制内容到粘贴板
    myip.setclickable(true);
    myip.setonclicklistener(new button.onclicklistener() {
      public void onclick(view arg0) {
        clipboardmanager cm = (clipboardmanager) getsystemservice(context.clipboard_service);
        // 将文本内容放到系统剪贴板里。
        cm.settext(myip.gettext().tostring());

      }
    });


//    初始化看是服务器
    try{
      chatserver chatserver=new chatserver();
      chatserver.start();
    }catch(ioexception e){
      log.e("错误","开启服务器失败");
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
//    点击按钮发送数据给相应的ip地址
    sendmessage.setonclicklistener(new view.onclicklistener() {
      @override
      public void onclick(view v) {
        hidekeyboard(sendmessage);
        new thread(new runnable() {
          @override
          public void run() {

            try {
              socket socket=chatclient.requestsocket(ip.gettext().tostring());
              chatclient.sendmsg(socket,message.gettext().tostring());
              message message1 = new message();
              message1.obj ="自己： "+message.gettext().tostring()+"\n";
              handler.sendmessage(message1);
            }catch (ioexception e){
              log.e("错误","发送失败");
            }
          }
        }).start();

      }
    });
  }
  public static handler handler=new handler(){
    @override
    public void handlemessage(message msg) {
      super.handlemessage(msg);
      log.i("信息","其他线程发过来："+msg);
      text+=msg.obj.tostring();
      receivemessage.settext(text);
      receivemessage.setselection(receivemessage.gettext().length(), receivemessage.gettext().length());
    }
  };
//  用于将结果以ip的形式放出
  private string inttoip(int i) {

    return (i & 0xff ) + "." +
        ((i >> 8 ) & 0xff) + "." +
        ((i >> 16 ) & 0xff) + "." +
        ( i >> 24 & 0xff) ;
  }
  //隐藏虚拟键盘
  public static void hidekeyboard(view v)
  {
    inputmethodmanager imm = ( inputmethodmanager ) v.getcontext( ).getsystemservice( context.input_method_service );
    if ( imm.isactive( ) ) {
      imm.hidesoftinputfromwindow( v.getapplicationwindowtoken( ) , 0 );

    }
  }


}

效果展示

 

demo示例下载：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hr2oizq

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。