C#解决汉诺塔问题DEMO

汉诺塔问题是学习递归的入门问题，这里用c#简单实现了一个汉诺塔之间传递盘子的小程序

通过简单绘图实现盘子在几个塔之间的转换：

namespace 汉诺塔
{
  //盘子类
  class hanioitem
  {
    public int hanoiitemheight { get; set; }//盘子的高度
    public int hanoiitemwidth { get; set; }//盘子的宽度
    public point hanoiitempoint { get; set; }//画盘子的起始点
  }
}

namespace 汉诺塔
{   
  public partial class frmshow : form
  {

    list<hanioitem> hanioitemsa = new list<hanioitem>();//塔a中的盘子集合
    list<hanioitem> hanioitemsb = new list<hanioitem>();//塔b中的盘子集合
    list<hanioitem> hanioitemsc = new list<hanioitem>();//塔c中的盘子集合
    pen p;//画笔
    graphics haniopica;//塔a的画布
    graphics haniopicb;//塔b的画布
    graphics haniopicc;//塔c的画布    
    int tag;//盘子个数    
  
    public frmshow()
    {      
      initializecomponent();     
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化3个picturebox画布
    /// </summary>
    public void initialtools()
    {     
       p = new pen(color.black);
       haniopica = hanoipica.creategraphics();
       haniopicb = hanoipicb.creategraphics();
       haniopicc = hanoipicc.creategraphics();
    }
      
    public void initialgraphics()
    {
      int hanioitemheight = 15;//塔中盘子的高度
      int haniostartitemwidth = 90;//第一个盘子的宽
      point haniostartitemp = new point(15, 135);//第一个盘子起始点

      initialtools();          
      tag = convert.toint16(this.tag.tostring());

      hanioitemsa.clear();
      hanioitemsb.clear();
      hanioitemsc.clear();

           
      //初始化塔a上的盘子     
      int diffrence = (90 - 30) / tag;//两个盘子之间宽度之差

      for (int i = 1; i <= tag; i++)
      {
        hanioitem item = new hanioitem();
        item.hanoiitemwidth = haniostartitemwidth;
        item.hanoiitemheight = hanioitemheight;
        item.hanoiitempoint = haniostartitemp;
        hanioitemsa.add(item);

        haniostartitemwidth -= diffrence;
        haniostartitemp.x += diffrence / 2;       
      }

      //为汉诺塔画盘子
      showhanoigraphics();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 画3个塔中的盘子
    /// </summary>
    private void showhanoigraphics()
    {      
      haniopica.clear(this.backcolor);
      haniopicb.clear(this.backcolor);
      haniopicc.clear(this.backcolor);

      //为汉诺塔a画初始线条      
      haniopica.drawline(p, 0, 150, 120, 150);
      haniopica.drawline(p, 60, 0, 60, 150);

      //为汉诺塔b画初始线条     
      haniopicb.drawline(p, 0, 150, 120, 150);
      haniopicb.drawline(p, 60, 0, 60, 150);

      //为汉诺塔c画初始线条      
      haniopicc.drawline(p, 0, 150, 120, 150);
      haniopicc.drawline(p, 60, 0, 60, 150);

      //画a塔的盘子
      for (int i = 0; i < hanioitemsa.count; i++) 
      {
        haniopica.drawrectangle(p, hanioitemsa[i].hanoiitempoint.x, hanioitemsa[i].hanoiitempoint.y - i * 15, hanioitemsa[i].hanoiitemwidth, hanioitemsa[i].hanoiitemheight);
      }
     
      //画b塔的盘子
      for (int i = 0; i < hanioitemsb.count; i++)
      {
        haniopicb.drawrectangle(p, hanioitemsb[i].hanoiitempoint.x, hanioitemsb[i].hanoiitempoint.y - i * 15, hanioitemsb[i].hanoiitemwidth, hanioitemsb[i].hanoiitemheight);
      }
     
      //画c塔的盘子
      for (int i = 0; i < hanioitemsc.count; i++)
      {
        haniopicc.drawrectangle(p, hanioitemsc[i].hanoiitempoint.x, hanioitemsc[i].hanoiitempoint.y - i * 15, hanioitemsc[i].hanoiitemwidth, hanioitemsc[i].hanoiitemheight);
      }
     
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 汉诺塔核心递归函数
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="n">盘子个数</param>
    /// <param name="a">塔a</param>
    /// <param name="b">塔b</param>
    /// <param name="c">塔c</param>
    private void hanio(int n, list<hanioitem> a, list<hanioitem> b, list<hanioitem> c)
    {
      if (n == 1)
      {
        haniomove(a, c);
      }

      else
      {
        hanio(n - 1, a, c, b);
        haniomove(a, c);
        hanio(n-1,b,a,c);
      }
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 盘子移动画图实现
    /// </summary>   
    private void haniomove(list<hanioitem> x, list<hanioitem> y)
    {        
      hanioitem item = new hanioitem();
      item = x[x.count-1];
      x.remove(item);//塔x移除一个盘子
      y.add(item); //塔y添加一个盘子      
      showhanoigraphics();
      system.threading.thread.sleep(1000);  
    }

    private void btnok_click(object sender, eventargs e)
    {     
      hanio(tag, hanioitemsa, hanioitemsb, hanioitemsc);
    }

    private void frmshow_paint(object sender, painteventargs e)
    {         
      initialgraphics();
    }      
  }
}