AspNetCore容器化(Docker)部署(三) —— Docker Compose容器编排

一.前言

上一篇部署了一个最基础的helloworld应用，创建了两个容器和一个network，还算应付得过来。

如果该应用继续引入mysql、redis、job等若干服务，到时候发布一次得工作量之大就可想而知了，这时候就需要用到docker compose。

docker compose是一个用于定义和运行多容器docker应用程序的工具。使用compose，可以使用yaml文件来配置应用程序的服务，然后使用一条命令就可以从配置中创建并启动所有服务。

docker compose概述及命令使用 

 

二.安装compose

windows下安装docker desktop时已经附带安装了docker compose

ps c:\users\administrator> docker-compose version
docker-compose version 1.23.2, build 1110ad01
docker-py version: 3.6.0
cpython version: 3.6.6
openssl version: openssl 1.0.2o  27 mar 2018

 

linux下需要自行安装

root@vm-16-9-ubuntu:~# apt install docker-compose

 

三.使用compose

1.编排服务

在解决方案下创建docker-compose.yml文件

version: '3.4'

services:
  helloworld:
    image: helloworld:v2.0
    build: #镜像构建
      context: . #工作目录
      dockerfile: helloworld/dockerfile #dockerfile位置
    environment: #环境变量
      - aspnetcore_environment=development
    ports: #端口映射
      - "81:80"
    container_name: netcore_helloworld #容器名
    deploy:
      restart_policy: #重启策略
        condition: on-failure
        delay: 5s
        max_attempts: 3
    networks: #指定network
      - default
      - newbridge
      
  mynginx:
    image: mynginx:v2.0
    build:
      context: mynginx
      dockerfile: dockerfile
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "801:801"
    container_name: mynginx
    deploy:
      restart_policy:
        condition: on-failure
        delay: 5s
        max_attempts: 3
    networks:
      - default

networks:
  default: #定义一个docker中已存在的network
    external: 
      name: mybridge
  newbridge: #新的network
    #name: newbridge  #compose版本3.5开始才支持自定义名称

 

2.启动容器

docker-compose up [options] [--scale service=num...] [service...]

docker-compose up指令包含了docker-compose build，当yml文件services中配置的image(helloworld:v2.0和mynginx:v2.0)不存在时会先build这两个镜像，再创建container，

如果image已存在，则直接创建container

ps c:\users\administrator> cd c:\users\administrator\source\repos\aspnetcore_docker
ps c:\users\administrator\source\repos\aspnetcore_docker> docker-compose up -d
warning: some services (helloworld, mynginx) use the 'deploy' key, which will be ignored. compose does not support 'deploy' configuration - use `docker stack deploy` to deploy to a swarm.
creating network "aspnetcore_docker_newbridge" with the default driver
creating netcore_helloworld ... done
creating mynginx            ... done

ps c:\users\administrator\source\repos\aspnetcore_docker> docker images
repository                             tag                 image id            created             size
mynginx                                v2.0                9c18561d7ab3        27 minutes ago      109mb
helloworld                             v2.0                c42e9f575fc4        24 hours ago        265mb
nginx                                  latest              62c261073ecf        9 days ago          109mb
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk      2.2-stretch         e4747ec2aaff        3 weeks ago         1.74gb
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet   2.2-stretch-slim    f6d51449c477        3 weeks ago         260mb
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd               latest              2f1c802f322f        8 months ago        187kb
ps c:\users\administrator\source\repos\aspnetcore_docker> docker ps -a
container id        image               command                  created             status              ports                                      names
66ff08eda2ae        helloworld:v2.0     "dotnet helloworld.d…"   11 minutes ago      up 11 minutes       0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp                         netcore_helloworld
5357b641a7b1        mynginx:v2.0        "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   11 minutes ago      up 11 minutes       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:801->801/tcp   mynginx

 

3.删除容器

ps c:\users\administrator\source\repos\aspnetcore_docker> docker-compose down
warning: some services (helloworld, mynginx) use the 'deploy' key, which will be ignored. compose does not support 'deploy' configuration - use `docker stack deploy` to deploy to a swarm.
stopping mynginx            ... done
stopping netcore_helloworld ... done
removing mynginx            ... done
removing netcore_helloworld ... done
network mybridge is external, skipping   #外部的bridge不会被删除，直接跳过
removing network aspnetcore_docker_newbridge

 

四.远程镜像仓库

docker官方的只能创建一个免费私有仓库，国内各大云服务器商都有提供免费的、无限量的镜像仓库。

1.登录到远程registry

docker login --username=[username] ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com

ps c:\users\administrator> docker login --username=你的用户名 ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com
password:
login succeeded

 

2.上传镜像

docker tag [imageid] ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/[namespace]/[imagename]:[镜像版本号]

ps c:\users\administrator> docker tag c42e9f575fc4 ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/helloworld
ps c:\users\administrator> docker tag 9c18561d7ab3 ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/mynginx
ps c:\users\administrator> docker images
repository                               tag                 image id            created             size
ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/mynginx      latest              9c18561d7ab3        2 days ago          109mb
mynginx                                  v2.0                9c18561d7ab3        2 days ago          109mb
ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/helloworld   latest              c42e9f575fc4        3 days ago          265mb
helloworld                               v2.0                c42e9f575fc4        3 days ago          265mb
nginx                                    latest              62c261073ecf        12 days ago         109mb
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk        2.2-stretch         e4747ec2aaff        3 weeks ago         1.74gb
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet     2.2-stretch-slim    f6d51449c477        3 weeks ago         260mb
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd                 latest              2f1c802f322f        8 months ago        187kb
ps c:\users\administrator>

 
docker push ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/[namespace]/[imagename]:[镜像版本号]

ps c:\users\administrator> docker push ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/helloworld
the push refers to repository [ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/helloworld]
...
latest: digest: sha256:d991fe759257905f727593cc09d8299462e20e31ada3a92023a48fbc130f7484 size: 1581
ps c:\users\administrator> docker push ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/mynginx
the push refers to repository [ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/mynginx]
...
latest: digest: sha256:0eda000278411f5b6e034944993f6f5b94825125124f67cc7caf4e684aad5a85 size: 1155
ps c:\users\administrator>

 

2.通过远程镜像启动容器

在原yml文件基础上移除build项，修改image地址。

docker compose up会从远程仓库pull镜像并启动容器，如果是私有仓库，需要提前登录到远程registry。

version: '3.4'

services:
  helloworld:
    image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/helloworld
    environment: #环境变量
      - aspnetcore_environment=development
    ports: #端口映射
      - "81:80"
    container_name: netcore_helloworld #容器名
    deploy:
      restart_policy: #重启策略
        condition: on-failure
        delay: 5s
        max_attempts: 3
    networks: #指定network
      - default
      - newbridge
      
  mynginx:
    image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/wuuu/mynginx
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "801:801"
    container_name: mynginx
    deploy:
      restart_policy:
        condition: on-failure
        delay: 5s
        max_attempts: 3
    networks:
      - default

networks:
  default: #定义一个docker中已存在的network
    external: 
      name: mybridge
  newbridge: #新的network
    #name: newbridge  #compose版本3.5开始才支持自定义名称

 

示例代码github地址：https://github.com/wwwu/aspnetcore_docker

 

• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(一) —— 入门
• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(二) —— 多容器通信
• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(三) —— docker compose容器编排
• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(四) —— jenkins自动化部署