AspNetCore容器化(Docker)部署(一) —— 入门

一.docker注册安装

windows docker desktop 

linux docker ce 

本文使用windows环境linux container做演示，安装完后切换到linux container，“switch to linux containers...”。

打开powershell查看docker版本信息

ps c:\users\administrator> docker --version
docker version 18.09.2, build 6247962
ps c:\users\administrator> docker version
client: docker engine - community
 version:           18.09.2
 api version:       1.39
 go version:        go1.10.8
 git commit:        6247962
 built:             sun feb 10 04:12:31 2019
 os/arch:           windows/amd64
 experimental:      false

server: docker engine - community
 engine:
  version:          18.09.2
  api version:      1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
  go version:       go1.10.6
  git commit:       6247962
  built:            sun feb 10 04:13:06 2019
  os/arch:          linux/amd64
  experimental:     false
ps c:\users\administrator>

 

二.创建一个.netcore示例项目“helloworld”

 

1.添加dockerfile

visual studio下右键点击项目 - 添加 - docker支持 - 选择linux os，vs会自动生成dockerfile文件、构建image、预热container等一系列动作，像极了docker-compose。

生成的dockerfile文件(指令详解：)

from mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.2-stretch-slim as base
workdir /app
expose 80

from mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.2-stretch as build
workdir /src
copy ["helloworld/helloworld.csproj", "helloworld/"]
run dotnet restore "helloworld/helloworld.csproj"
copy . .
workdir "/src/helloworld"
run dotnet build "helloworld.csproj" -c release -o /app

from build as publish
run dotnet publish "helloworld.csproj" -c release -o /app

from base as final
workdir /app
copy --from=publish /app .
entrypoint ["dotnet", "helloworld.dll"]

 

镜像

ps c:\users\administrator> docker images
repository                             tag                 image id            created             size
helloworld                             dev                 30c03823dd0a        23 minutes ago      260mb
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet   2.2-stretch-slim    f6d51449c477        13 days ago         260mb
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd               latest              2f1c802f322f        7 months ago        187kb

 

容器

ps c:\users\administrator> docker ps -a
container id        image               command                  created             status              ports                               names
c697ab8b8b14        helloworld:dev      "tail -f /dev/null"      2 hours ago         up 2 hours          0.0.0.0:60169->80/tcp               elegant_bardeen

 

2.下面抛开ide，手动来生成镜像、容器、启动

首先清空环境，docker rm等下文所用到的命令行文档 

ps c:\users\administrator> docker rm -f c697ab8b8b14
c697ab8b8b14
ps c:\users\administrator> docker rmi 30c03823dd0a f6d51449c477
untagged: helloworld:dev
deleted: sha256:30c03823dd0ae6484caab7f099e4442273663bf50315ac6d3558d7b5bc544e8f
deleted: sha256:0a2fe0c9198ecc65ecfc5a7dcd0823879f764247f949e8c7876257c2b00cbfca
deleted: sha256:2551e1d0a0b9297fb0d8c6781dad394629b567e3ca3b19db6416403565e3aec2
deleted: sha256:872599e9fef81ab624703111a2c4608705c371c3bebe27b0885093d05cdc0022
deleted: sha256:9f7724eb5d7bb41dd1c060cf0212ded5b2a098088fc1e2771dbbe9cbf9a0bf3f
untagged: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.2-stretch-slim
untagged: mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet@sha256:3af73ca8d90dd5b1d01b0499f73fb0115b468502de61881193dbcf8908c86b16
deleted: sha256:f6d51449c47712f4b96ad796f46a2933cf8f85b1fbc85863de5bd43544d3ab97
deleted: sha256:dc3d6d81a75cc325c36c784a625315b45b4cef9857436961f7d1714cdd03ab2f
deleted: sha256:c22fbc137d1d8909a4e6143aa5cd8c24b56de4e158fc980f460d131cf4067501
deleted: sha256:33362d15fdad76b1889cd6a1697e216c311d031dc11d2c96fbcd3f5c51ce39e5
ps c:\users\administrator>

 

构建image

或者直接cd到dockerfile所在目录，然后docker build -t helloworld:v1.0 .

ps c:\users\administrator> docker build -f "c:\users\administrator\source\repos\aspnetcore_docker\helloworld\dockerfile" -t helloworld:v1.0 "c:\users\administrator\source\repos\aspnetcore_docker"
sending build context to docker daemon  4.401mb
step 1/16 : from mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.2-stretch-slim as base
 ---> f6d51449c477
 ...
successfully built 8a44f8d01233
successfully tagged helloworld:v1.0
security warning: you are building a docker image from windows against a non-windows docker host. all files and directories added to build context will have '-rwxr-xr-x' permissions. it is recommended to double check and reset permissions for sensitive files and directories.
ps c:\users\administrator> docker images
repository                             tag                 image id            created             size
helloworld                             v1.0                8a44f8d01233        13 minutes ago      265mb
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk      2.2-stretch         e4747ec2aaff        13 days ago         1.74gb
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet   2.2-stretch-slim    f6d51449c477        13 days ago         260mb
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd               latest              2f1c802f322f        7 months ago        187kb

 

创建容器 

-d：分离模式启动容器

--restart=always：自动重启

-p：端口映射

ps c:\users\administrator> docker run --name netcore_helloworld -d --restart=always -p 81:80 helloworld:v1.0
fdfc4ca8682d3669a4d4202fbf7d551876caf0e408b4bade76f5fcc50601dea8
ps c:\users\administrator> docker ps -a
container id        image               command                  created             status              ports                               names
fdfc4ca8682d        helloworld:v1.0     "dotnet helloworld.d…"   5 seconds ago       up 3 seconds        0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp                  netcore_helloworld
ps c:\users\administrator>

 

3.部署完成

浏览器打开localhost:81

 

示例代码github地址：https://github.com/wwwu/aspnetcore_docker

 

• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(一) —— 入门
• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(二) —— 多容器通信
• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(三) —— docker compose容器编排
• aspnetcore容器化(docker)部署(四) —— jenkins自动化部署