python：整数在二进制、八进制、十进制和十六进制之间转换

本文使用python中自带函数将一个整数在二进制、八进制、十进制和十六进制之间*转换。

    这个整数可能是个int，也可能是个string。

    用到了otc，hex，bin，format这四个函数，和int这个class。

上面几个函数的用法：

    hex(integer) 将integer转换为16进制，形式为0x0123456789abcdef。integer必须为整型。

    otc，bin类似。

    format(integer, 'x') 将integer转换为16进制，不带0x。integer为整型，'x'可换为'o','b','d'相对应八、二、十进制。

    int(string, number) 将任意进制的s（string类型）转换为十进制。s与number的进制类型需匹配，如s是16进制，则number=16，否侧会出错。若s为16进制，0x可带可不带，其他进制同。

实例：

a=10086
s=0xdeadbeef
ss='0xdeadbeef'
a_hex = hex(a)                 ===>        0x2766
a_hex = hex(a)[2:]            ===>        2766 
a_oct = oct(a)                  ===>        0o23546
a_bin = bin(a)                  ===>        0b10011101100110
s_dec = format(s,'d')       ===>        3735928559

s_int = int(ss,16)              ===>        3735928559

代码演示：

# 十进制转其他：

number1 = 13581887557

# 十进制整数转换为十六进制

hex_number1_0x = hex(number1)

hex_number1 = hex(number1)[2:]

hex_number2 = format(number1, 'x')

print("Decimal integer %s converts to hex with 0x via 'hex' : %s" % (number1, hex_number1_0x))

print("Decimal integer %s converts to hex without 0x via 'hex' : %s" % (number1, hex_number1))

print("Decimal integer %s converts to hex without 0x via 'format' : %s" % (number1, hex_number2))

# 十进制整数转换为八进制 0o123456形式

oct_number1_0o = oct(number1)

oct_number1 = oct(number1)[2:]

oct_number2 = format(number1, 'o')

print("Decimal integer %s converts to octal with 0o via 'oct' : %s" % (number1, oct_number1_0o))

print("Decimal integer %s converts to octal without 0o via 'oct' : %s" % (number1, oct_number1))

print("Decimal integer %s converts to octal without 0o via 'format' : %s" % (number1, oct_number2))

# 十进制整数转换为二进制 0b123456形式

bin_number1_0b = bin(number1)

bin_number1 = bin(number1)[2:]

bin_number2 = format(number1, 'b')

print("Decimal integer %s converts to binary with 0b via 'bin' : %s" % (number1, bin_number1_0b))

print("Decimal integer %s converts to binary without 0b via 'bin' : %s " % (number1, bin_number1))

print("Decimal integer %s converts to binary without 0b via 'format' : %s " % (number1, bin_number2))

测试打印结果：

Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to hex with 0x via 'hex' : 0x3298b2845
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to hex without 0x via 'hex' : 3298b2845
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to hex without 0x via 'format' : 3298b2845
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to Octal with 0o via 'oct' : 0o145142624105
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to Octal without 0o via 'oct' : 145142624105
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to Octal without 0o via 'format' : 145142624105
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to binary with 0b via 'bin' : 0b1100101001100010110010100001000101
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to binary without 0b via 'bin' : 1100101001100010110010100001000101
Decimal integer 13581887557 converts to binary without 0b via 'format' : 1100101001100010110010100001000101

# 十六进制转其他：

hex_int = 0x3298B2845

hex_str_0x = '0x3298B2845'

hex_str = '3298B2845'

# 十六进制转换为十进制整数

# hex_to_dec1 = int(hex_int, 16) 不成立，因为int(s,number)中的s必须要是string类型

hex_to_dec1 = format(hex_int, 'd')

hex_to_dec2 = int(hex_str, 16)

hex_to_dec3 = int(hex_str_0x, 16)

print("Hex integer (with 0x) cannot directly converts to demcimal via 'int', it must be string.")

print("Hex integer (with 0x) %s converts to demcimal via 'format' : %s" % (hex_str, hex_to_dec1))

print("Hex string (with 0x) %s converts to demcimal via 'int' : %s" % (hex_str_0x, hex_to_dec2))

print("Hex string (without 0x) %s converts to demcimal via 'int' : %s" % (hex_str, hex_to_dec3))

# 十六进制转换为八进制整数

hex_to_otc1 = format(hex_int, 'o')

hex_to_otc2 = oct(hex_int)

hex_to_otc3 = oct(hex_int)[2:]

print("Hex integer (without 0x) %s converts to octal without 0o via 'format' : %s" % (hex_str, hex_to_otc1))

print("Hex integer (with 0x) %s converts to octal with 0o via 'oct' : %s" % (hex_str_0x, hex_to_otc2))

print("Hex integer (without 0x) %s converts to octal without 0o via 'oct' : %s" % (hex_str, hex_to_otc3))

# 十六进制转换为二进制整数

hex_to_bin1 = format(hex_int, 'b')

hex_to_bin2 = bin(hex_int)

hex_to_bin3 = bin(hex_int)[2:]

print("Hex integer (without 0x) %s converts to binary without 0b via 'format' : %s" % (hex_str, hex_to_bin1))

print("Hex integer (with 0x) %s converts to binary with 0b via 'bin' : %s" % (hex_str_0x, hex_to_bin2))

print("Hex integer (without 0x) %s converts to binary without 0b via 'bin' : %s" % (hex_str, hex_to_bin3))

# 测试打印结果：

Hex integer (with 0x) cannot directly converts to demcimal via 'int', it must be string.
Hex integer (with 0x) 3298B2845 converts to demcimal via 'format' : 13581887557
Hex string (with 0x) 0x3298B2845 converts to demcimal via 'int' : 13581887557
Hex string (without 0x) 3298B2845 converts to demcimal via 'int' : 13581887557
Hex integer (without 0x) 3298B2845 converts to octal without 0o via 'format' : 145142624105
Hex integer (with 0x) 0x3298B2845 converts to octal with 0o via 'oct' : 0o145142624105
Hex integer (without 0x) 3298B2845 converts to octal without 0o via 'oct' : 145142624105
Hex integer (without 0x) 3298B2845 converts to binary without 0b via 'format' : 1100101001100010110010100001000101
Hex integer (with 0x) 0x3298B2845 converts to binary with 0b via 'bin' : 0b1100101001100010110010100001000101
Hex integer (without 0x) 3298B2845 converts to binary without 0b via 'bin' : 1100101001100010110010100001000101

# 二进制转其他：

bin_int = 1100101001100010110010100001000101

bin_str_0x = '0b1100101001100010110010100001000101'

bin_str = '1100101001100010110010100001000101'

# 二进制转换为十进制整数

# hex_to_dec1 = format(hex_int, 'd') 这个转过来还是1100...，可能因为format识别不了它是二进制的吧。在python中加只有十六进制的加0x能识别，二进制的0b就不行。

bin_to_dec2 = int(bin_str, 2)

bin_to_dec3 = int(bin_str_0x, 2)

print("Binary string (with 0o) %s converts to demcimal via 'int' : %s" % (bin_str_0x, bin_to_dec2))

print("Binary string (without 0o) %s converts to demcimal via 'int' : %s" % (bin_str, bin_to_dec3))

# 二六进制转换为八进制整数

bin_to_otc1 = format(bin_int, 'o')

bin_to_otc2 = oct(bin_int)

bin_to_otc3 = oct(bin_int)[2:]

print("Binary integer (without 0b) %s converts to octal without 0o via 'format' : %s" % (bin_str, bin_to_otc1))

print("Binary integer (with 0b) %s converts to octal with 0o via 'oct' : %s" % (bin_str_0x, bin_to_otc2))

print("Binary integer (without 0b) %s converts to octal without 0ovia 'oct' : %s" % (bin_str, bin_to_otc3))

# 二进制整数转换为十六进制

bin_to_hex1 = format(bin_int, 'x')

bin_to_hex2 = hex(bin_int)

bin_to_hex3 = hex(bin_int)[2:]

print("Binary integer (without 0b) %s converts to hex without 0x via 'format' : %s" % (bin_str, bin_to_hex1))

print("Binary integer (without 0b) %s converts to hex with 0x via 'hex' : %s" % (bin_str_0x, bin_to_hex2))

print("Binary integer (without 0b) %s converts to hex without 0x via 'hex' : %s" % (bin_str, bin_to_hex3))

# 测试打印结果：

Binary string (with 0o) 0b1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to demcimal via 'int' : 13581887557
Binary string (without 0o) 1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to demcimal via 'int' : 13581887557
Binary integer (without 0b) 1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to octal without 0o via 'format' : 3307516405765622732254226501552745245
Binary integer (with 0b) 0b1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to octal with 0o via 'oct' : 0o3307516405765622732254226501552745245
Binary integer (without 0b) 1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to octal without 0ovia 'oct' : 3307516405765622732254226501552745245
Binary integer (without 0b) 1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to hex without 0x via 'format' : 363d3a0bf5c97695896a0dabcaa5
Binary integer (without 0b) 0b1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to hex with 0x via 'hex' : 0x363d3a0bf5c97695896a0dabcaa5
Binary integer (without 0b) 1100101001100010110010100001000101 converts to hex without 0x via 'hex' : 363d3a0bf5c97695896a0dabcaa5

八进制的懒得写了，一个用的少，再一个原理