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C++实现LeetCode(111.二叉树的最小深度)

程序员文章站 2022-03-13 12:09:11
[leetcode] 111. minimum depth of binary tree 二叉树的最小深度given a binary tree, find its minimum depth.the...

[leetcode] 111. minimum depth of binary tree 二叉树的最小深度

given a binary tree, find its minimum depth.

the minimum depth is the number of nodes along the shortest path from the root node down to the nearest leaf node.

note: a leaf is a node with no children.

example:

given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
/ \
9  20
/  \
15   7

return its minimum depth = 2.

二叉树的经典问题之最小深度问题就是就最短路径的节点个数,还是用深度优先搜索 dfs 来完成,万能的递归啊。首先判空,若当前结点不存在,直接返回0。然后看若左子结点不存在,那么对右子结点调用递归函数,并加1返回。反之,若右子结点不存在,那么对左子结点调用递归函数,并加1返回。若左右子结点都存在,则分别对左右子结点调用递归函数,将二者中的较小值加1返回即可,参见代码如下:

解法一:

class solution {
public:
    int mindepth(treenode* root) {
        if (!root) return 0;
        if (!root->left) return 1 + mindepth(root->right);
        if (!root->right) return 1 + mindepth(root->left);
        return 1 + min(mindepth(root->left), mindepth(root->right));
    }
};

我们也可以是迭代来做,层序遍历,记录遍历的层数,一旦遍历到第一个叶结点,就将当前层数返回,即为二叉树的最小深度,参见代码如下:

解法二:

class solution {
public:
    int mindepth(treenode* root) {
        if (!root) return 0;
        int res = 0;
        queue<treenode*> q{{root}};
        while (!q.empty()) {
            ++res;
            for (int i = q.size(); i > 0; --i) {
                auto t = q.front(); q.pop();
                if (!t->left && !t->right) return res;
                if (t->left) q.push(t->left);
                if (t->right) q.push(t->right);
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }
};

github 同步地址:

类似题目:

binary tree level order traversal

maximum depth of binary tree

参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-depth-of-binary-tree/discuss/36153/my-concise-c%2b%2b-solution

https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-depth-of-binary-tree/discuss/36071/bfs-c%2b%2b-8ms-beats-99.94-submissions

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