详解SpringCloud-Alibaba-Seata分布式事务

前言
seata 是一款阿里巴巴开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于在微服务架构下提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。

seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。seata 将为用户提供了 at、tcc、saga 和 xa 事务模式，为用户打造一站式的分布式解决方案。

术语

tc (transaction coordinator) - 事务协调者
维护全局和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交或回滚。

tm (transaction manager) - 事务管理器
定义全局事务的范围：开始全局事务、提交或回滚全局事务。

rm (resource manager) - 资源管理器
管理分支事务处理的资源，与tc交谈以注册分支事务和报告分支事务的状态，并驱动分支事务提交或回滚。
1.
xid:全局唯一事务id
tc：事务协调器，维护全局事务的运行状态，负责协调并驱动全局的提交或回滚
tm：控制全局事务的边界，负责开启一全局事务，并最终发起全局提交或者回滚的决议
rm：控制分支事务，负责分支注册，状态汇报，并接受事务协调的指令，驱动分支的事务提交或者回滚
2.
tm向tc申请开启一个全局的事务，全局事务创建成功并生成一个唯一的全局id，xid在微服务调用链路的上下文中传播
rm向tc注册分支事务，将其纳入xid对应事务的 管辖
tm向tc发起针对xid的全局提交或者回滚
tc调度xid下管辖的全部分支事务完成提交或者回滚

官方文档https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/overview/what-is-seata.html

示例 win版
下载安装
https://github.com/seata/seata/releases/tag/v1.3.0

下载好的包解压 解压

配置 seata
打开\seata\seata\conf 下编辑 file.conf文件

修改数据库模式

file.conf 文件修改链接数据的 信息
修改本地mysql的地址与账号密码

file.conf 中的service也没有手动添加
vgroup_mapping.my_test_tx_group = “default”
default任意定义名字

service {
 #transaction service group mapping
 #修改，可不改,my_test_tx_grou。
 vgroup_mapping.my_test_tx_group = "default"
 #only support when registry.type=file, please don't set multiple addresses
 # 此服务的地址
 default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
 #disable seata
 disableglobaltransaction = false
}

创建数据库 运行官方给的额sql文件
我草！没有sql脚本， 0.9版本有sql脚本
网上找了一个

drop table if exists `branch_table`;
create table `branch_table` (
 `branch_id` bigint(20) not null,
 `xid` varchar(128) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci not null,
 `transaction_id` bigint(20) null default null,
 `resource_group_id` varchar(32) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `resource_id` varchar(256) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `branch_type` varchar(8) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `status` tinyint(4) null default null,
 `client_id` varchar(64) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `application_data` varchar(2000) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `gmt_create` datetime(6) null default null,
 `gmt_modified` datetime(6) null default null,
 primary key (`branch_id`) using btree,
 index `idx_xid`(`xid`) using btree
) engine = innodb character set = utf8 collate = utf8_general_ci row_format = dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- records of branch_table
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- table structure for global_table
-- ----------------------------
drop table if exists `global_table`;
create table `global_table` (
 `xid` varchar(128) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci not null,
 `transaction_id` bigint(20) null default null,
 `status` tinyint(4) not null,
 `application_id` varchar(32) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `transaction_service_group` varchar(32) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `transaction_name` varchar(128) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `timeout` int(11) null default null,
 `begin_time` bigint(20) null default null,
 `application_data` varchar(2000) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `gmt_create` datetime(0) null default null,
 `gmt_modified` datetime(0) null default null,
 primary key (`xid`) using btree,
 index `idx_gmt_modified_status`(`gmt_modified`, `status`) using btree,
 index `idx_transaction_id`(`transaction_id`) using btree
) engine = innodb character set = utf8 collate = utf8_general_ci row_format = dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- records of global_table
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- table structure for lock_table
-- ----------------------------
drop table if exists `lock_table`;
create table `lock_table` (
 `row_key` varchar(128) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci not null,
 `xid` varchar(96) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `transaction_id` bigint(20) null default null,
 `branch_id` bigint(20) not null,
 `resource_id` varchar(256) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `table_name` varchar(32) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `pk` varchar(36) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 `gmt_create` datetime(0) null default null,
 `gmt_modified` datetime(0) null default null,
 primary key (`row_key`) using btree,
 index `idx_branch_id`(`branch_id`) using btree
) engine = innodb character set = utf8 collate = utf8_general_ci row_format = dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- records of lock_table
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- table structure for undo_log
-- ----------------------------
drop table if exists `undo_log`;
create table `undo_log` (
 `id` bigint(20) not null auto_increment,
 `branch_id` bigint(20) not null,
 `xid` varchar(100) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci not null,
 `context` varchar(128) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci not null,
 `rollback_info` longblob not null,
 `log_status` int(11) not null,
 `log_created` datetime(0) not null,
 `log_modified` datetime(0) not null,
 `ext` varchar(100) character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci null default null,
 primary key (`id`) using btree,
 unique index `ux_undo_log`(`xid`, `branch_id`) using btree
) engine = innodb auto_increment = 1 character set = utf8 collate = utf8_general_ci row_format = dynamic;

修改conf文件夹下 registry.conf ，
seata 支持注册nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
本地的nacos的地址

改完配置文件保存 测试
启动ncos 在启动seata

seata 下bin目录

代码示例
pom

<dependency>
   <groupid>com.alibaba.cloud</groupid>
   <artifactid>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactid>
   <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
     <artifactid>seata-all</artifactid>
     <groupid>io.seata</groupid>
    </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupid>io.seata</groupid>
   <artifactid>seata-all</artifactid>
   <version>1.3.0</version>
  </dependency>

使用库下创建`undo_log表

drop table `undo_log`;
create table `undo_log` (
 `id` bigint(20) not null auto_increment,
 `branch_id` bigint(20) not null,
 `xid` varchar(100) not null,
 `context` varchar(128) not null,
 `rollback_info` longblob not null,
 `log_status` int(11) not null,
 `log_created` datetime not null,
 `log_modified` datetime not null,
 `ext` varchar(100) default null,
 primary key (`id`),
 unique key `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) engine=innodb auto_increment=1 default charset=utf8;

yml

server:
 port: 2001
 
spring:
 application:
 name: seata-order-service
 cloud:
 alibaba:
  seata:
  #自定义事务组名称需要与seata-server中的对应
  tx-service-group: default
 nacos:
  discovery:
  server-addr: localhost:8848
 datasource:
 driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.driver
 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_order
 username: root
 password: root
 
feign:
 hystrix:
 enabled: false
 
logging:
 level:
 io:
  seata: info
 
mybatis:
 mapperlocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

file.conf

transport {
 # tcp udt unix-domain-socket
 type = "tcp"
 #nio native
 server = "nio"
 #enable heartbeat
 heartbeat = true
 #thread factory for netty
 thread-factory {
 boss-thread-prefix = "nettyboss"
 worker-thread-prefix = "nettyservernioworker"
 server-executor-thread-prefix = "nettyserverbizhandler"
 share-boss-worker = false
 client-selector-thread-prefix = "nettyclientselector"
 client-selector-thread-size = 1
 client-worker-thread-prefix = "nettyclientworkerthread"
 # netty boss thread size,will not be used for udt
 boss-thread-size = 1
 #auto default pin or 8
 worker-thread-size = 8
 }
 shutdown {
 # when destroy server, wait seconds
 wait = 3
 }
 serialization = "seata"
 compressor = "none"
}
 
service {
 
 vgroup_mapping.fsp_tx_group = "default" 
 
 default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
 enabledegrade = false
 disable = false
 max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1"
 max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1"
 disableglobaltransaction = false
}
 
 
client {
 async.commit.buffer.limit = 10000
 lock {
 retry.internal = 10
 retry.times = 30
 }
 report.retry.count = 5
 tm.commit.retry.count = 1
 tm.rollback.retry.count = 1
}
 
## transaction log store
store {
 ## store mode: file、db
 mode = "db"
 
 ## file store
 file {
 dir = "sessionstore"
 
 # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
 max-branch-session-size = 16384
 # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
 max-global-session-size = 512
 # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
 file-write-buffer-cache-size = 16384
 # when recover batch read size
 session.reload.read_size = 100
 # async, sync
 flush-disk-mode = async
 }
 
 ## database store
 db {
 ## the implement of javax.sql.datasource, such as druiddatasource(druid)/basicdatasource(dbcp) etc.
 datasource = "dbcp"
 ## mysql/oracle/h2/oceanbase etc.
 db-type = "mysql"
 driver-class-name = "com.mysql.jdbc.driver"
 url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata"
 user = "root"
 password = "root"
 min-conn = 1
 max-conn = 3
 global.table = "global_table"
 branch.table = "branch_table"
 lock-table = "lock_table"
 query-limit = 100
 }
}
lock {
 ## the lock store mode: local、remote
 mode = "remote"
 
 local {
 ## store locks in user's database
 }
 
 remote {
 ## store locks in the seata's server
 }
}
recovery {
 #schedule committing retry period in milliseconds
 committing-retry-period = 1000
 #schedule asyn committing retry period in milliseconds
 asyn-committing-retry-period = 1000
 #schedule rollbacking retry period in milliseconds
 rollbacking-retry-period = 1000
 #schedule timeout retry period in milliseconds
 timeout-retry-period = 1000
}
 
transaction {
 undo.data.validation = true
 undo.log.serialization = "jackson"
 undo.log.save.days = 7
 #schedule delete expired undo_log in milliseconds
 undo.log.delete.period = 86400000
 undo.log.table = "undo_log"
}
 
## metrics settings
metrics {
 enabled = false
 registry-type = "compact"
 # multi exporters use comma divided
 exporter-list = "prometheus"
 exporter-prometheus-port = 9898
}
 
support {
 ## spring
 spring {
 # auto proxy the datasource bean
 datasource.autoproxy = false
 }
}

registry.conf

registry {
 # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
 type = "nacos"
 
 nacos {
 serveraddr = "localhost:8848"
 namespace = ""
 cluster = "default"
 }
 eureka {
 serviceurl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
 application = "default"
 weight = "1"
 }
 redis {
 serveraddr = "localhost:6379"
 db = "0"
 }
 zk {
 cluster = "default"
 serveraddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
 session.timeout = 6000
 connect.timeout = 2000
 }
 consul {
 cluster = "default"
 serveraddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
 }
 etcd3 {
 cluster = "default"
 serveraddr = "http://localhost:2379"
 }
 sofa {
 serveraddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
 application = "default"
 region = "default_zone"
 datacenter = "defaultdatacenter"
 cluster = "default"
 group = "seata_group"
 addresswaittime = "3000"
 }
 file {
 name = "file.conf"
 }
}
 
config {
 # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
 type = "file"
 
 nacos {
 serveraddr = "localhost"
 namespace = ""
 }
 consul {
 serveraddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
 }
 apollo {
 app.id = "seata-server"
 apollo.meta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
 }
 zk {
 serveraddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
 session.timeout = 6000
 connect.timeout = 2000
 }
 etcd3 {
 serveraddr = "http://localhost:2379"
 }
 file {
 name = "file.conf"
 }
}

@globaltransactional(name = "tang,rollbackfor = exception.class)开启全局事物

@override
 @globaltransactional(name = "tang,rollbackfor = exception.class)
 public void create(providers providers ){
  test1mapper.add(providers);
  test2mapper.add(providers)
  }

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