PowerShell小技巧之获取域名whois信息

whois 简单来说，就是一个用来查询域名是否已经被注册，以及注册域名的详细信息的数据库（如域名所有人、域名注册商、域名注册日期和过期日期等）。通过域名whois服务器查询，可以查询域名归属者联系方式，以及注册和到期时间。通常情况下，whois信息均为真实信息，通过whois信息可以找到域名注册人的很多真实信息，像电话，邮箱，ns记录，是对网站进行社工非常好的信息来源，对于安全从业人员来说，快速获取whois信息，能够帮助自己掌握目标网站的很多有用信息。

而whois信息通常是保存在各级域名注册机构中，平常我们要查询whois信息都是通过godaddy、name.com、万网、新网等域名注册商网站通过查询页面提交域名进行查询，既慢又不能批量查询，太费劲了，这里我就把我珍藏很久的一个ps function贡献给大家，这个脚本支持140多种后缀的域名进行查询，尤其是一些生僻的域，找一个能支持这个域注册的注册商就不容易了，现在你不需要再为这个事情发愁了。

老规矩，先上代码，然后对关键操作进行解释：

=====文件名：get-whois.ps1=====
 function get-whois {
<# author:fuhj(powershell#live.cn ,http://fuhaijun.com) 
  # does a raw whois query and returns the results
  #  the simplest whois search
  #.example
  #  get-whois dnspod.com
  #
  #  this example is one that forwards to a second whois server ...
  #.example
  #  get-whois baidu.com -noforward
  #
  #  returns the partial results you get when you don't follow forwarding to a new whois server
  #  get-whois n 128.11.5.98 -server whois.arin.net
  #
  #  does an ip lookup at arin.net
  #>

  [cmdletbinding()]
  param(
    # the query to send to whois servers
    [parameter(position=0, valuefromremainingarguments=$true)]
    [string]$query,

    # a specific whois server to search
    [string]$server,

    # disable forwarding to new whois servers
    [switch]$noforward
  )
  end {
    $tlds = data {
     @{

      ".com"= "whois.verisign-grs.com","whois.crsnic.net"
      ".net"= "whois.verisign-grs.com","whois.crsnic.net"
      ".org"= "whois.pir.org","whois.publicinterestregistry.net"
      ".info"= "whois.afilias.info","whois.afilias.net"
      ".biz"= "whois.neulevel.biz"
      ".us"= "whois.nic.us"
      ".uk"= "whois.nic.uk"
      ".ca"= "whois.cira.ca"
      ".tel"= "whois.nic.tel"
      ".ie"= "whois.iedr.ie","whois.domainregistry.ie"
      ".it"= "whois.nic.it"
      ".li"= "whois.nic.li"
      ".no"= "whois.norid.no"
      ".cc"= "whois.nic.cc"
      ".eu"= "whois.eu"
      ".nu"= "whois.nic.nu"
      ".au"= "whois.aunic.net","whois.ausregistry.net.au"
      ".de"= "whois.denic.de"
      ".ws"= "whois.worldsite.ws","whois.nic.ws","www.nic.ws"
      ".sc"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
      ".mobi" = "whois.dotmobiregistry.net"
      ".pro"= "whois.registrypro.pro","whois.registry.pro"
      ".edu"= "whois.educause.net","whois.crsnic.net"
      ".tv"= "whois.nic.tv","tvwhois.verisign-grs.com"
      ".travel"  = "whois.nic.travel"
      ".name" = "whois.nic.name"
      ".in"= "whois.inregistry.net","whois.registry.in"
      ".me"= "whois.nic.me","whois.meregistry.net"
      ".at"= "whois.nic.at"
      ".be"= "whois.dns.be"
      ".cn"= "whois.cnnic.cn","whois.cnnic.net.cn"
      ".edu.cn"="whois.edu.cn"
      ".asia"= "whois.nic.asia"
      ".ru"= "whois.ripn.ru","whois.ripn.net"
      ".ro"= "whois.rotld.ro"
      ".aero" = "whois.aero"
      ".fr"= "whois.nic.fr"
      ".se"= "whois.iis.se","whois.nic-se.se","whois.nic.se"
      ".nl"= "whois.sidn.nl","whois.domain-registry.nl"
      ".nz"= "whois.srs.net.nz","whois.domainz.net.nz"
      ".mx"= "whois.nic.mx"
      ".tw"= "whois.apnic.net","whois.twnic.net.tw"
      ".ch"= "whois.nic.ch"
      ".hk"= "whois.hknic.net.hk"
      ".ac"= "whois.nic.ac"
      ".ae"= "whois.nic.ae"
      ".af"= "whois.nic.af"
      ".ag"= "whois.nic.ag"
      ".al"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".am"= "whois.amnic.net"
      ".as"= "whois.nic.as"
      ".az"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".ba"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".bg"= "whois.register.bg"
      ".bi"= "whois.nic.bi"
      ".bj"= "www.nic.bj"
      ".br"= "whois.nic.br"
      ".br.com"="whois.centralnic.net"
      ".eu.org"="whois.eu.org"
      ".bt"= "whois.netnames.net"
      ".by"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".bz"= "whois.belizenic.bz"
      ".cd"= "whois.nic.cd"
      ".ck"= "whois.nic.ck"
      ".cl"= "nic.cl"
      ".coop"= "whois.nic.coop"
      ".cx"= "whois.nic.cx"
      ".cy"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".cz"= "whois.nic.cz"
      ".dk"= "whois.dk-hostmaster.dk"
      ".dm"= "whois.nic.cx"
      ".dz"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".ee"= "whois.eenet.ee"
      ".eg"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".es"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".fi"= "whois.ficora.fi"
      ".fo"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".gb"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".ge"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".gl"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".gm"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".gov"= "whois.nic.gov"
      ".gr"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".gs"= "whois.adamsnames.tc"
      ".hm"= "whois.registry.hm"
      ".hn"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
      ".hr"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".hu"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".il"= "whois.isoc.org.il"
      ".int"= "whois.isi.edu"
      ".iq"= "vrx.net"
      ".ir"= "whois.nic.ir"
      ".is"= "whois.isnic.is"
      ".je"= "whois.je"
      ".jp"= "whois.jprs.jp"
      ".kg"= "whois.domain.kg"
      ".kr"= "whois.nic.or.kr"
      ".la"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
      ".lt"= "whois.domreg.lt"
      ".lu"= "whois.restena.lu"
      ".lv"= "whois.nic.lv"
      ".ly"= "whois.lydomains.com"
      ".ma"= "whois.iam.net.ma"
      ".mc"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".md"= "whois.nic.md"
      ".mil"= "whois.nic.mil"
      ".mk"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".ms"= "whois.nic.ms"
      ".mt"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".mu"= "whois.nic.mu"
      ".my"= "whois.mynic.net.my"
      ".nf"= "whois.nic.cx"
      ".pl"= "whois.dns.pl"
      ".pr"= "whois.nic.pr"
      ".pt"= "whois.dns.pt"
      ".sa"= "saudinic.net.sa"
      ".sb"= "whois.nic.net.sb"
      ".sg"= "whois.nic.net.sg"
      ".sh"= "whois.nic.sh"
      ".si"= "whois.arnes.si"
      ".sk"= "whois.sk-nic.sk"
      ".sm"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".st"= "whois.nic.st"
      ".su"= "whois.ripn.net"
      ".tc"= "whois.adamsnames.tc"
      ".tf"= "whois.nic.tf"
      ".th"= "whois.thnic.net"
      ".tj"= "whois.nic.tj"
      ".tk"= "whois.nic.tk"
      ".tl"= "whois.domains.tl"
      ".tm"= "whois.nic.tm"
      ".tn"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".to"= "whois.tonic.to"
      ".tp"= "whois.domains.tl"
      ".tr"= "whois.nic.tr"
      ".ua"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".uy"= "nic.uy"
      ".uz"= "whois.cctld.uz"
      ".va"= "whois.ripe.net"
      ".vc"= "whois2.afilias-grs.net"
      ".ve"= "whois.nic.ve"
      ".vg"= "whois.adamsnames.tc"
      ".yu"= "whois.ripe.net"
     }
    }

    $eap, $erroractionpreference = $erroractionpreference, "stop"

    $query = $query.trim()

    if($query -match "(?:\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}") {
      write-verbose "ip lookup!"
      if($query -notmatch " ") {
        $query = "n $query"
      }
      if(!$server) { $server = "whois.arin.net" }
    } elseif(!$server) {
      $server = $tlds.getenumerator() |
        where { $query -like ("*"+$_.name) } |
        select -expand value | get-random
    }

    if(!$server) { $server = "whois.arin.net" }
    $maxrequery = 3 

    do {
      write-verbose "connecting to $server"
      $client = new-object system.net.sockets.tcpclient $server, 43

      try {
        $stream = $client.getstream()

        write-verbose "sending query: $query"
        $data = [system.text.encoding]::ascii.getbytes( $query + "`r`n" )
        $stream.write($data, 0, $data.length)

        write-verbose "reading response:"
        $reader = new-object system.io.streamreader $stream, [system.text.encoding]::ascii

        $result = $reader.readtoend()

        if($result -match "(?s)whois server:\s*(\s+)\s*") {
          write-warning "recommended whois server: ${server}"
          if(!$noforward) {
            write-verbose "non-authoritative results:`n${result}"
            # cache, in case we can't get an answer at the forwarder
            if(!$cachedresult) {
              $cachedresult = $result
              $cachedserver = $server
            }
            $server = $matches[1]
            $query = ($query -split " ")[-1]
            $maxrequery--
          } else { $maxrequery = 0 }
        } else { $maxrequery = 0 }
      } finally {
        if($stream) {
          $stream.close()
          $stream.dispose()
        }
      }
    } while ($maxrequery -gt 0)

    $result

    if($cachedresult -and ($result -split "`n").count -lt 5) {
      write-warning "original result from ${cachedserver}:"
      $cachedresult
    }

    $erroractionpreference = $eap
  }
 }

函数里定义了三个参数，两个[string]类型，一个[switch]类型，分别用于接收要进行whois查询的域名，指定whois域名服务器，以及是否允许将查询请求转发到其他域名解析服务器。随后创建了一个枚举值的哈希表，目的是用于存储不同域名后缀和whois服务器的对应关系，因为不同的域名后缀对应的域名信息是存储在不同的服务器上的。需要强调的是像.com、.net、.org、.info这几个注册量特别大的域名后缀指定了多个whois服务器，避免查询量过大无法有效返回结果的问题。

接下来通过new-object创建一个system.net.sockets.tcpclient的tcp对象，连接上面指定的whois服务器的43端口用于查询whois信息，在通过一个system.io.streamreader对象接收whois信息返回的数据，并对数据进行解析。除此之外再加上try{}cache{}finally{}进行容错处理，在数据解析是也用到了正则表达式用于匹配目标字符串。

程序的运行方法有如下四种：

get-whois dnspod.com

先看看dnspod在被腾讯收购后有没有更改whois信息，貌似鹅厂没有改过

get-whois jd.com –noforward

get-whois n 128.11.5.98 -server whois.arin.net