Python从ZabbixAPI获取信息及实现Zabbix-API 监控的方法
python编写从zabbixapi获取信息
此脚本用python3.6执行是ok的。 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import json import urllib.request, urllib.error, urllib.parse class zabbixapi: def __init__(self): self.__url = 'http://192.168.56.102/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php' self.__user = 'admin' self.__password = 'zabbix' self.__header = {"content-type": "application/json-rpc"} self.__token_id = self.userlogin() #登陆获取token def userlogin(self): data = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": self.__user, "password": self.__password }, "id": 0, } return self.postrequest(data) #推送请求 def postrequest(self, data): request = urllib.request.request(self.__url,json.dumps(data).encode('utf-8'),self.__header) result = urllib.request.urlopen(request) response = json.loads(result.read().decode('utf-8')) try: # print response['result'] return response['result'] except keyerror: raise keyerror #主机列表 def hostget(self,hostid=none,hostip=none): data = { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.get", "params":{ "output":"extend", "selectgroups": "extend", "selectparenttemplates": ["templateid","name"], "selectinterfaces": ["interfaceid","ip"], "selectinventory": ["os"], "selectitems":["itemid","name"], "selectgraphs":["graphid","name"], "selectapplications":["applicationid","name"], "selecttriggers":["triggerid","name"], "selectscreens":["screenid","name"] }, "auth": self.__token_id, "id":1, } if hostid: data["params"]={ "output": "extend", "hostids": hostid, "sortfield": "name" } return self.postrequest(data) #主机列表 def hostcreate(self,hostname,hostip,groupid=none,templateid=none): data = { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.create", "params": { "host": hostname, "interfaces": [ { "type": 1, "main": 1, "useip": 1, "ip": hostip, "dns": "", "port": "10050" } ], "groups": [ { "groupid": groupid } ], "templates": [ { "templateid": templateid } ] }, "auth": self.__token_id, "id":1, } return self.postrequest(data) #主机组列表 def hostgroupget(self,hostid=none,itemid=none): data = { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"hostgroup.get", "params":{ "output": "extend", "hostids": hostid, "itemids": itemid, "sortfield": "name" }, "auth": self.__token_id, "id":1, } return self.postrequest(data) #监控项列表 def itemget(self,hostid=none,itemid=none): data = { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "item.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "hostids": hostid, "itemids": itemid, "sortfield": "name" }, "auth": self.__token_id, "id":1, } return self.postrequest(data) #模板列表 def templateget(self, hostid=none,templateid=none): data = { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "template.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "hostids": hostid, "templateids": templateid, "sortfield": "name" }, "auth": self.__token_id, "id":1, } return self.postrequest(data) #图像列表 def graphget(self,hostid=none,graphid=none): data = { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method": "graph.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "hostids": hostid, "graphids": graphid, "sortfield": "name" }, "auth": self.__token_id, "id":1, } return self.postrequest(data) #历史数据 def history(self,itemid,data_type): data = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "history.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "history": data_type, "itemids": itemid, "sortfield": "clock", "sortorder": "desc", "limit": 30 }, "auth": self.__token_id, "id": 2 } return self.postrequest(data) #测试:python manager.py shell ; from zabbix.zabbixapi import * ; main(),代码修改了要ctrl+z退出重进 def main(): zapi=zabbixapi() token=zapi.userlogin() print(token) #39378ec03aa101c2b17d1d2bd6f4ef16 hosts=zapi.hostget() print(hosts) #[{u'host': u'zabbix server', u'hostid': u'10084', u'interfaces': [{u'interfaceid': u'1', u'ip': u'127.0.0.1'}]}] if __name__ == '__main__': main()
下面看下使用python实现 zabbix-api 监控的方法
做运维的朋友应该知道,公司idc机房经常有上架、下架、报修和报废的服务器。如果服务器数量很多的时候很容易造成监控遗漏。
大的互联网公司把监控系统和cmdb(资产管理系统|配置管理数据库系统)集成在一起,当上架一台新机器的时候cmdb里面会记录相关的信息,zabbix根据cmdb里面信息自动link相关的模块,添加|删除监控。很多小的公司没有资产管理系统,但作为监控的负责人应该每天知道上架了哪些新的机器,确保能添加到zabbix监控里面。
首先给大家说一下脚本思路:
1)通过nmap工具扫描网段,扫描出已经使用的ip地址。
2)通过nmap检测已经扫描ip的3389或者22端口是否开放,可以判断那些事windows机器,那些是linux机器。
3)linux下面通过ssh + hostname命令找出linux主机名。
4)windows下面通过nmblookup -a 命令找出windows主机名。
5)用python脚本读扫描结果文件,把主机名写到列表里面。
6)用zabbix python api 调用已经监控的主机名,写到列表里面。
7)两个列表取交集,用for循环判断哪些主机名没有监控。
8)发邮件通知监控负责人。
下面我分享一下我写的python写的脚本,其中scan_machine.sh是我调用的用shell写的关于nmap扫描的脚本,scan_hostname.log是nmap扫描的结果,里面内容是ip 主机名。
#!/usr/bin/env python#create by:sfzhang 20140820#coding=utf-8import os,sysimport jsonimport urllib2import datetime,timefrom urllib2 import urlerror nmap_cmd = "/shell/machine/scan_machine.sh"def runcmd(command): global mail_cmd mail_cmd = '''mail -s "report on not monitor hosts of zabbix" shifeng_zhang88 < /shell/machine/result/result.txt''' return os.system(command)runcmd(nmap_cmd)def nmap_host(): hostiplst = [] hostnamelst = [] f = file('/shell/machine/result/scan_hostname.log') for line in f.readlines(): hostip = line.split()[0] hostname = line.split()[1] hostiplst.append(hostip) hostnamelst.append(hostname) hostnamelst.sort() #print hostiplst return hostnamelst f.close()def zabbix_host(): zabbixhostlst= [] #based url and required header url = "http://192.168.161.128/api_jsonrpc.php" header = {"content-type": "application/json"} #request json data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "host.get", "params":{ "output":["hostid","name"], "filter":{"host":""} }, #auth id "auth":"zabbix auth id", "id": 1, }) #create request object request = urllib2.request(url,data) for key in header: request.add_header(key,header[key]) #get host list try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except urlerror as e: print "the server could not fulfill the request.",e.reason else: reponse = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #print "number of hosts:",len(reponse['result']) for host in reponse['result']: #print "host id:",host['hostid'],"host name:",host['name'] zbxhosts=host['name'] zabbixhostlst.append(zbxhosts) zabbixhostlst.sort() return zabbixhostlst def main(): nmaphostlst = nmap_host() zbxhostlst = zabbix_host() diff = list(set(nmaphostlst) ^ set(zbxhostlst)) content = "\n" nomonitorlst = [] if len(diff) != 0: for host in diff: if host in nmaphostlst: nomonitorlst.append(host) else: sys.exit() #print zbxhostlst string = '\n'.join(nomonitorlst) f = file('/shell/machine/result/result.txt','w') f.write(string) f.flush() f.close() runcmd(mail_cmd)if __name__ == "__main__": main()
把脚本添加到crontab,每台会收到关于那些主机没有添加监控的信息。
总结:
1)zabbix api相关信息可以查看官方详细资料,看不懂英文的可以参考下面这篇文档。
2)通过该脚本可以知道那些主机没有添加监控,希望对大家有帮助,如果有更好的解决方法欢迎多多交流。
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的使用python脚本实现zabbix-api 监控,希望对大家有所帮助
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