python实现简易内存监控

本例主要功能：每隔3秒获取系统内存，当内存超过设定的警报值时，获取所有进程占用内存并发出警报声。内存值和所有进程占用内存记入log，log文件按天命名。

1 获取cpu、内存、进程信息

利用wmi

简单说明下，wmi的全称是windows management instrumentation，即windows管理规范。它是windows操作系统上管理数据和操作的基础设施。我们可以使用wmi脚本或者应用自动化管理任务等。

安装模块

wmi下载地址
win32com下载地址：

学会使用wmi

不错的

获取cpu、内存、磁盘

def getsysinfo(wmiservice = none):
 result = {}
 if wmiservice == none:
  wmiservice = wmi.wmi()
 # cpu
 for cpu in wmiservice.win32_processor():
  timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %y %h:%m:%s', time.localtime())
  result['cpupercent'] = cpu.loadpercentage
 # memory
 cs = wmiservice.win32_computersystem()
 os = wmiservice.win32_operatingsystem()
 result['memtotal'] = int(int(cs[0].totalphysicalmemory)/1024/1024)
 result['memfree'] = int(int(os[0].freephysicalmemory)/1024)
 result['mempercent']=result['memfree'] * 100 /result['memtotal']
 #disk
 result['disktotal'] = 0
 result['diskfree'] = 0
 for disk in wmiservice.win32_logicaldisk(drivetype=3):
  result['disktotal'] += int(disk.size)
  result['diskfree'] += int(disk.freespace)
 result['disktotal'] = int(result['disktotal']/1024/1024)
 result['diskfree'] = int(result['diskfree']/1024/1024)
 return result

获取所有进程占用内存

def getallprocessinfo(mywmi = none): 
 """取出全部进程的进程名，进程id，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,cpu使用率 
 """ 
 allprocesslist = []

 allprocess = mywmi.execquery("select * from win32_perfformatteddata_perfproc_process")
 #print (allprocess.count)
 for j in allprocess:
  #print j.properties_("percentprivilegedtime").__int__()
  ##print j.properties_("name").__str__()+" "+j.properties_("idprocess").__str__()+" "+j.properties_("percentprivilegedtime").__str__()
  #for pro in j.properties_:
  # print (pro.name)
  #break
  name = j.properties_("name").__str__()
  if name != "_total" and name !="idle":
   pid = j.properties_("idprocess").__str__()
   percentprivilegedtime = j.properties_("percentprivilegedtime").__int__()
   workingsetprivate = j.properties_("workingsetprivate").__int__()/1024
   workingset = j.properties_("workingset").__int__()/1024
   allprocesslist.append([name, pid, workingsetprivate, workingset, percentprivilegedtime])

 return allprocesslist

也可以用psutil

import psutil,time 
from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter

def getprocessinfo(p): 
 """取出指定进程占用的进程名，进程id，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,cpu使用率 
 """ 
 try: 
  cpu = int(p.cpu_percent(interval=0)) 
  memory = p.memory_info() 
  rss = memory.rss/1024
  vms = memory.vms/1024
  name = p.name() 
  pid = p.pid 
 except psutil.error: 
  name = "closed_process" 
  pid = 0 
  rss = 0 
  vms = 0 
  cpu = 0 
 #return [name.upper(), pid, rss, vms] 
 return [name, pid, vms, rss, cpu] 

def getallprocessinfo(): 
 """取出全部进程的进程名，进程id，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,cpu使用率 
 """ 
 instances = [] 
 all_processes = list(psutil.process_iter()) 
 for proc in all_processes: 
  proc.cpu_percent(interval=0) 
 #此处sleep1秒是取正确取出cpu使用率的重点 
 time.sleep(1) 
 for proc in all_processes: 
  instances.append(getprocessinfo(proc)) 
 return instances 


if __name__ == '__main__': 
 processinfolist = getallprocessinfo()
 processinfolist.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=true)
 for p in processinfolist:
  print(p)

2. 保存log

配置config文件

[loggers]
keys=example01
[logger_example01]
handlers=hand04

[handlers]
keys=hand04
[handler_hand04]
class=handlers.timedrotatingfilehandler
level=debug
formatter=form01
args=('./logs/monitor.log', 'd', 1, 7)

[formatters]
keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01]
format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s
datefmt=%y-%m-%d %h:%m:%s

记录log

import logging
import logging.config

logger.info("message")
logger.warning("message")
logger.error("message")

3. 完整代码

文件夹结构：

maintain
–monitor
—-logs
—-logger.conf
—-monitor.py
–packages
—-init.py
—-processinfo.py
—-sysinfo.py

monitor

import wmi 
import time
import winsound 
import logging
import logging.config
from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter
from os import path

import packages.sysinfo #使用wmi
#import packages.processinfo #使用

#def showprocessinfo():
# processinfolist = packages.processinfo.getallprocessinfo()
# processinfolist.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=true)
# for p in processinfolist:  
#  logger.info(p)

def showprocessinfo(wmiservice = none):
 processinfolist = packages.sysinfo.getallprocessinfo(wmiservice)
 processinfolist.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=true)
 for p in processinfolist:  
  logger.info(p)

if __name__ == '__main__':
 memperworningline = 50
 mempererrorline = 20
 erroralertcount = 10
 processinfocount = 10
 counterprocessinfo = processinfocount

 print("memory monitor start!")
 log_file_path = path.join(path.dirname(path.abspath(__file__)), 'logger.conf')
 #print(log_file_path)
 logging.config.fileconfig(log_file_path)
 logger = logging.getlogger("example01")
 wmiservice = wmi.wmi()
 while true:
  mempercent = int(packages.sysinfo.getsysinfo(wmiservice)['mempercent'])
  strmempercent = 'freememory: ' + str(mempercent) + '%'
  if(mempercent < mempererrorline):
   logger.error(strmempercent)
   #processinfolist
   counterprocessinfo+=1
   if(counterprocessinfo >= processinfocount):
    showprocessinfo(wmiservice)
    counterprocessinfo = 0
   #alert
   counter = 1
   while counter <= erroralertcount:
    winsound.beep(2080, 100) 
    time.sleep(0.1)
    counter += 1
  elif(mempercent < memperworningline):
   logger.warning(strmempercent)
   #processinfolist
   counterprocessinfo+=1
   if(counterprocessinfo >= processinfocount):
    showprocessinfo(wmiservice)
    counterprocessinfo = 0
   #alert
   winsound.beep(2015, 2000) 
  else:
   logger.info(strmempercent)
  time.sleep(3)

sysinfo

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import wmi 
import os 
import sys 
import platform 
import time 
import win32api
import win32com
from win32com.client import getobject
from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter

def getsysinfo(wmiservice = none):
 result = {}
 if wmiservice == none:
  wmiservice = wmi.wmi()
 # cpu
 for cpu in wmiservice.win32_processor():
  timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %y %h:%m:%s', time.localtime())
  result['cpupercent'] = cpu.loadpercentage
 # memory
 cs = wmiservice.win32_computersystem()
 os = wmiservice.win32_operatingsystem()
 result['memtotal'] = int(int(cs[0].totalphysicalmemory)/1024/1024)
 result['memfree'] = int(int(os[0].freephysicalmemory)/1024)
 result['mempercent']=result['memfree'] * 100 /result['memtotal']
 #disk
 result['disktotal'] = 0
 result['diskfree'] = 0
 for disk in wmiservice.win32_logicaldisk(drivetype=3):
  result['disktotal'] += int(disk.size)
  result['diskfree'] += int(disk.freespace)
 result['disktotal'] = int(result['disktotal']/1024/1024)
 result['diskfree'] = int(result['diskfree']/1024/1024)
 return result

def sys_version(): 
 c = wmi.wmi () 
 #获取操作系统版本 
 for sys in c.win32_operatingsystem(): 
  print ("version:%s" % sys.caption.encode("utf8"),"vernum:%s" % sys.buildnumber)
  print (sys.osarchitecture.encode("utf8"))#系统是32位还是64位的 
  print (sys.numberofprocesses) #当前系统运行的进程总数

def cpu_mem(): 
 c = wmi.wmi ()  
 #cpu类型和内存 
 for processor in c.win32_processor(): 
  #print "processor id: %s" % processor.deviceid 
  print ("process name: %s" % processor.name.strip() )
 for memory in c.win32_physicalmemory(): 
  print ("memory capacity: %.fmb" %(int(memory.capacity)/1048576))

def cpu_use(): 
 #5s取一次cpu的使用率 
 c = wmi.wmi() 
 while true: 
  for cpu in c.win32_processor(): 
    timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %y %h:%m:%s', time.localtime()) 
    print ('%s | utilization: %s: %d %%' % (timestamp, cpu.deviceid, cpu.loadpercentage)) 
    time.sleep(5) 

def disk(): 
 c = wmi.wmi () 
 #获取硬盘分区 
 for physical_disk in c.win32_diskdrive (): 
  for partition in physical_disk.associators ("win32_diskdrivetodiskpartition"): 
   for logical_disk in partition.associators ("win32_logicaldisktopartition"): 
    print (physical_disk.caption.encode("utf8"), partition.caption.encode("utf8"), logical_disk.caption)

 #获取硬盘使用百分情况 
 for disk in c.win32_logicaldisk (drivetype=3): 
  print (disk.caption, "%0.2f%% free" % (100.0 * long (disk.freespace) / long (disk.size)))

def network(): 
 c = wmi.wmi ()  
 #获取mac和ip地址 
 for interface in c.win32_networkadapterconfiguration (ipenabled=1): 
  print ("mac: %s" % interface.macaddress )
 for ip_address in interface.ipaddress: 
  print ("ip_add: %s" % ip_address )
 print

 #获取自启动程序的位置 
 for s in c.win32_startupcommand (): 
  print ("[%s] %s <%s>" % (s.location.encode("utf8"), s.caption.encode("utf8"), s.command.encode("utf8"))) 


 #获取当前运行的进程 
 for process in c.win32_process (): 
  print (process.processid, process.name)

def getallprocessinfo(mywmi = none): 
 """取出全部进程的进程名，进程id，内存（专有工作集）, 工作集
 """ 
 allprocesslist = []

 allprocess = mywmi.execquery("select * from win32_perfformatteddata_perfproc_process")
 #print (allprocess.count)
 for j in allprocess:
  #print j.properties_("percentprivilegedtime").__int__()
  ##print j.properties_("name").__str__()+" "+j.properties_("idprocess").__str__()+" "+j.properties_("percentprivilegedtime").__str__()
  #for pro in j.properties_:
  # print (pro.name)
  #break
  name = j.properties_("name").__str__()
  if name != "_total" and name !="idle":
   pid = j.properties_("idprocess").__str__()
   percentprivilegedtime = j.properties_("percentprivilegedtime").__int__()
   workingsetprivate = j.properties_("workingsetprivate").__int__()/1024
   workingset = j.properties_("workingset").__int__()/1024
   allprocesslist.append([name, pid, workingsetprivate, workingset, percentprivilegedtime])

# allprocess = mywmi.execquery("select * from win32_process")
# for i in allprocess:
#  name = str(i.properties_("name"))
#  processid = int(i.properties_("processid"))
#  workingsetsize = int(i.properties_("workingsetsize"))/1024
#  #virtualsize = int(i.properties_("virtualsize"))/1024
#  peakworkingsetsize = int(i.properties_("peakworkingsetsize"))/1024
#  creationdate = str(i.properties_("creationdate"))
#  allprocesslist.append([name, processid, workingsetsize, peakworkingsetsize, creationdate])

 return allprocesslist

#def main(): 
 #sys_version() 
 #cpu_mem() 
 #disk() 
 #network() 
 #cpu_use()

if __name__ == '__main__': 
 #mywmi = getobject("winmgmts:")
 mywmi = wmi.wmi()
 processinfolist = getallprocessinfo(mywmi)
 processinfolist.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=true)
 for processinfo in processinfolist:
  print(processinfo)

processinfo

import psutil,time 
from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter

def getprocessinfo(p): 
 """取出指定进程占用的进程名，进程id，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,cpu使用率 
 """ 
 try: 
  cpu = int(p.cpu_percent(interval=0)) 
  memory = p.memory_info() 
  rss = memory.rss/1024
  vms = memory.vms/1024
  name = p.name() 
  pid = p.pid 
 except psutil.error: 
  name = "closed_process" 
  pid = 0 
  rss = 0 
  vms = 0 
  cpu = 0 
 #return [name.upper(), pid, rss, vms] 
 return [name, pid, vms, rss, cpu] 

def getallprocessinfo(): 
 """取出全部进程的进程名，进程id，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,cpu使用率 
 """ 
 instances = [] 
 all_processes = list(psutil.process_iter()) 
 for proc in all_processes: 
  proc.cpu_percent(interval=0) 
 #此处sleep1秒是取正确取出cpu使用率的重点 
 time.sleep(1) 
 for proc in all_processes: 
  instances.append(getprocessinfo(proc)) 
 return instances 


if __name__ == '__main__': 
 processinfolist = getallprocessinfo()
 processinfolist.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=true)
 for p in processinfolist:
  print(p)

logger

#logger.conf
###############################################
[loggers]
keys=root,example01,example02
[logger_root]
level=debug
handlers=hand01,hand02
[logger_example01]
handlers=hand01,hand04
qualname=example01
propagate=0
[logger_example02]
handlers=hand01,hand03
qualname=example02
propagate=0
###############################################
[handlers]
keys=hand01,hand02,hand03,hand04
[handler_hand01]
class=streamhandler
level=info
formatter=form02
args=(sys.stderr,)
[handler_hand02]
class=filehandler
level=debug
formatter=form01
args=('myapp.log', 'a')
[handler_hand03]
class=handlers.rotatingfilehandler
level=info
formatter=form02
args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)
[handler_hand04]
class=handlers.timedrotatingfilehandler
level=debug
formatter=form01
args=('./logs/monitor.log', 'd', 1, 7)
###############################################
[formatters]
keys=form01,form02
[formatter_form01]
format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s
datefmt=%y-%m-%d %h:%m:%s
[formatter_form02]
format=%(asctime)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s
datefmt=%y-%m-%d %h:%m:%s

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。