MYSQL + MHA +keepalive + VIP安装配置(三)-----keepalived安装_MySQL

一、概述

keepalived介绍：Keepalived的作用是检测web服务器的状态，如果有一台web服务器死机，或工作出现故障，Keepalived将检测到，并将有故障的web 服务器从系统中剔除，当web服务器工作正常后Keepalived自动将web服务器加入到服务器群中，这些工作全部自动完成，不需要人工干涉，需要人 工做的只是修复故障的web服务器。

二、环境

vip:192.168.1.203/204mysql-master:192.168.1.231mysql-slave:192.168.1.232

三、keepalived安装

安装步骤两台机mysql-master、mysql-slave一样，如下：

1、下载地址：http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz

shell>wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz

2、安装环境

yum -y install openssl-devel

否则会报如下错误

configure: error:!!! OpenSSL is not properly installed on your system. !!!!!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.

3、安装

shell>tar -zxvfkeepalived-1.2.12.tar.gzshell>cd keepalived-1.2.12shell>./configure --prefix=/opt/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/shell>make shell>make install

说明：

--prefix：安装路径

--with-kernel-dir：这个是重要的参数，这个参数并不表示我们要把Keepalived统进内核，而是指使用内核源码里面的头文件，也就是include目录。

2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64可以通过

shell>uname -r 命令查看到

4、配置

# cp /opt/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/# cp /opt/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/# mkdir /etc/keepalived# cp /opt/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/# cp /opt/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

5、启动/停止

shell>service keepalived startshell>service keepalived stopshell>service keepalived restart

四、keepalived配置

1、mysql-master:192.168.1.231的配置

shell>vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

配置如下：

global_defs { router_id mysql-master #修改为自己的主机名 notification_email { [e-mail] #接收邮件，可以有多个，一行一个} #当主、备份设备发生改变时，通过邮件通知 notification_email_from [e-mail] #发送邮箱服务器 smtp_server stmp.163.com #发送邮箱超时时间 smtp_connect_timeout 30 }##################第一部分###################vrrp_instance VI_1 {	state BACKUP#都修改成BACKUP	interface eth0#绑定的网卡	virtual_router_id 60 #默认51 主从都修改为60	priority 100		#优先级，在mysql-slave上LVS上修改成80	advert_int 1	nopreempt #不抢占资源，意思就是它活了之后也不会再把主抢回来	authentication {	# 认证方式，可以是PASS或AH两种认证方式	auth_type PASS	# 认证密码	auth_pass 1111	}virtual_ipaddress {	192.168.1.203	192.168.1.204#这可以增加多个VIP	}}##################第二部分###################virtual_server 192.168.1.203 3306 {	delay_loop 6	lb_algo wrr	lb_kind DR	nat_mask 255.255.255.0	persistence_timeout 50	protocol TCPreal_server 192.168.1.231 3306 {	weight 1	notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh	TCP_CHECK {	connect_timeout 10	nb_get_retry 3	connect_port 3306	}	}}

2、mysql-master:192.168.1.232的配置

shell>vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

配置如下：

global_defs { router_id mysql-master #修改为自己的主机名 notification_email { [e-mail] #接收邮件，可以有多个，一行一个} #当主、备份设备发生改变时，通过邮件通知 notification_email_from [e-mail] #发送邮箱服务器 smtp_server stmp.163.com #发送邮箱超时时间 smtp_connect_timeout 30 }##################第一部分###################vrrp_instance VI_1 {	state BACKUP#都修改成BACKUP	interface eth0#绑定的网卡	virtual_router_id 60 #默认51 主从都修改为60	priority 80		 #优先级，在mysql-master上LVS上修改成100	advert_int 1	authentication {	# 认证方式，可以是PASS或AH两种认证方式	auth_type PASS	# 认证密码	auth_pass 1111	}virtual_ipaddress {	192.168.1.203	192.168.1.204#这可以增加多个VIP	}}##################第二部分###################virtual_server 192.168.1.203 3306 {	delay_loop 6	lb_algo wrr	lb_kind DR	nat_mask 255.255.255.0	persistence_timeout 50	protocol TCPreal_server 192.168.1.232 3306 {	weight 1	notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh	TCP_CHECK {	connect_timeout 10	nb_get_retry 3	connect_port 3306	}	}}

3、myslq_down.sh配置，两台机都要配置这一步！！！

这里需要注意的是，notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh这个选项，这个是是在keepalived检测不到mysql的时候要执行的脚本，从上面的配置文件来看real服务器只有本机。那么，keeaplived如果启动，客户端也只是访问本机的mysql。nopreempt这个选下也得注意，这个是不抢占资源在优先级高的机器上配置就可以。
看下这个脚本的内容：

# vim /root/mysql_down.sh#!/bin/bashpkill keepalived# chmod +x /root/mysql_down.sh #授权可执行权限

脚本内容就一条命令：pkill keepalived，主要作用是如果本机的mysql挂掉了，那么同时会杀死本机的keepalived，这样另外一台就会接替他工作，虚拟IP也会被另一台接管，如果不杀死keepalived虚拟IP不会被另一台接管，mysql访问也就不会切换过去。

注意：必须要先启动MYSQL,再启动keepalived，否则keepalived启动后会运行mysql_down.sh脚本，等于自杀。

4、mysql-master(231)启动后查看IP的绑定情况，如下：

shell> ip a1: lo:  mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 	link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00	inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo	inet6 ::1/128 scope host 	 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000	link/ether 08:00:27:cc:92:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff	inet 192.168.1.232/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0	inet 192.168.1.203/32 scope global eth0	inet 192.168.1.204/32 scope global eth0	inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fecc:9222/64 scope link 	 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

五、测试

1、231、232两台机同时启动MYSQL及Keepalived.

通过win cmd 命令行的客户端(或程序)连接VIP：192.168.1.203或204，如下：

C:/Users/Duncan>mysql -h192.168.1.203 -usunney -psunneyWelcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or /g.Your MySQL connection id is 1440Server version: 5.5.37-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql|| performance_schema || sunney || test |+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.04 sec)mysql>

注意：这时存储的数据库是mysql-master(192.168.1.231)因为他是主库。配置 priority 100 优先级高。

2、mysql-slave(232)的机同时关闭MYSQL及Keepalived.这时关闭上以上的是一样的。因为他没有走这个库。

3、mysql-master(231)同时关闭MYSQL及Keepalived,mysql-slave(232)同时启动MYSQL及Keepalived

切换很快，大概在2到3秒之间！

通过win cmd 命令行的客户端(或程序)连接VIP：192.168.1.203或204，如下：

C:/Users/Duncan>mysql -h192.168.1.203 -usunney -psunneyWelcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or /g.Your MySQL connection id is 1440Server version: 5.5.37-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql|| performance_schema || sunney || test |+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.04 sec)mysql>

成功！