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访问MySQL数据库用.NET！

程序员文章站 2022-05-14 23:26:46
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以下的文章主要介绍的是用.NET访问MySQL数据库的实际操作步骤，我们大家都知道.NET的数据库本身就支持mssql(WINDOWS平台上强大的数据库平台)Server，但是并不是其他数据库不支持，而是微软基于自身利益需要。 在支持、营销上推自己的MySQL数据库产品;但是作

以下的文章主要介绍的是用.NET访问MySQL数据库的实际操作步骤，我们大家都知道 .NET的数据库本身就支持mssql(WINDOWS平台上强大的数据库平台)Server，但是并不是其他数据库不支持，而是微软基于自身利益需要。

在支持、营销上推自己的MySQL数据库产品;但是作为平台战略，他并非排斥其他数据库，而是参考java体系提出了一套数据库访问规范，让各个第三方进行开发，提供特定的驱动。

MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)是免费的数据库，在成本上具有无可替代的优势，但是目前来讲，并没有提供。微软把MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)当作ODBC数据库，可以按照ODBC.Net规范进行访问，具体参考

而实际上，针对ODBC。Net的需要配置DSN的麻烦，而是出现了一个开源的系统MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS，对MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)的开发进行了封装，实现了.net环境下对于MySQL数据库系统的访问。

通过阅读源代码，我们看到MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS的思路是利用C函数的底层库来操纵数据库的，通常提供对MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库的访问的MySQL数据库的C DLL是名为libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll的驱动文件，MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS作为一个.net库进行封装C风格的驱动。

具体如何进行呢?

打开工程后，我们看到其中有一个比较特殊的.cs文件CPrototypes.cs：

以下是引用片段：

    

  1. #region LICENSE  
    2. 

  2. /*  
    3. 

  3. MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS: An C# driver for MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).  
    4. 

  4. Copyright (c) 2002 Manuel Lucas Vi馻s Livschitz.  
    5. 

  5. This file is part of MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS.  
    6. 

  6. MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  
    7. 

  7. it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  
    8. 

  8. the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or  
    9. 

  9. (at your option) any later version.  
    10. 

  10. MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,  
    11. 

  11. but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of  
    12. 

  12. MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the  
    13. 

  13. GNU General Public License for more details.  
    14. 

  14. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License  
    15. 

  15. along with MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS; if not, write to the Free Software  
    16. 

  16. Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA  
    17. 

  17. */  
    18. 

  18. #endregion  
    19. 

  19. using System;  
    20. 

  20. using System.Data;  
    21. 

  21. using System.Runtime.InteropServices;  
    22. 

  22. namespace MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)DriverCS  
    23. 

  23. {  
    24. 

  24. //[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]  
    25. 

  25. public class MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD_FACTORY  
    26. 

  26. {  
    27. 

  27. static string version;  
    28. 

  28. public static IMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD GetInstance()  
    29. 

  29. {  
    30. 

  30. 
if (version==null)   

    31. 

  31. {  
    32. 

  32. 
version = CPrototypes.GetClientInfo();  

    33. 

  33. }  
    34. 

  34. 
if (version.CompareTo("4.1.2-alpha")>=0)   

    35. 

  35. {  
    36. 

  36. return new MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD_VERSION_5();  
    37. 

  37. }  
    38. 

  38. else   
    39. 

  39. return new MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD_VERSION_3();  
    40. 

  40. }  
    41. 

  41. }  
    42. 

  42. public interface IMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD  
    43. 

  43. {  
    44. 

  44. string Name{get;}  
    45. 

  45. uint Type{get;}  
    46. 

  46. long Max_Length {get;}  
    47. 

  47. }  
    48. 

  48. 
///summary> 

    49. 

  49. /// Field descriptor  
    50. 

  50. 
///summary> 

    51. 

  51. [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]//"3.23.32", 4.0.1-alpha  
    52. 

  52. internal class MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD_VERSION_3: IMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD   
    53. 

  53. {  
    54. 

  54. 
///summary> 

    55. 

  55. /// Name of column  
    56. 

  56. 
///summary> 

    57. 

  57. public string name;   
    58. 

  58. 
///summary> 

    59. 

  59. /// Table of column if column was a field  
    60. 

  60. 
///summary> 

    61. 

  61. public string table;   
    62. 

  62. //public string org_table; /* Org table name if table was an alias */  
    63. 

  63. //public string db; /* Database for table */  
    64. 

  64. 
///summary> 

    65. 

  65. /// def  
    66. 

  66. 
///summary> 

    67. 

  67. public string def;   
    68. 

  68. 
///summary> 

    69. 

  69. /// length  
    70. 

  70. 
///summary> 

    71. 

  71. public long length;   
    72. 

  72. 
///summary> 

    73. 

  73. /// max_length  
    74. 

  74. 
///summary> 

    75. 

  75. public long max_length;   
    76. 

  76. 
///summary> 

    77. 

  77. /// Div flags  
    78. 

  78. 
///summary> 

    79. 

  79. public uint flags;   
    80. 

  80. 
///summary> 

    81. 

  81. /// Number of decimals in field   
    82. 

  82. 
///summary> 

    83. 

  83. public uint decimals;   
    84. 

  84. 
///summary> 

    85. 

  85. /// Type of field. Se MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_com.h for types   
    86. 

  86. 
///summary> 

    87. 

  87. public uint type;   
    88. 

  88. 
///summary> 

    89. 

  89. /// Name  
    90. 

  90. 
///summary> 

    91. 

  91. public string Name  
    92. 

  92. {  
    93. 

  93. get{return name;}  
    94. 

  94. }  
    95. 

  95. 
///summary> 

    96. 

  96. /// Type  
    97. 

  97. 
///summary> 

    98. 

  98. public uint Type  
    99. 

  99. {  
    100. 

  100. get{return type;}  
    101. 

  101. }  
    102. 

  102. 
///summary> 

    103. 

  103. /// Max_Length  
    104. 

  104. 
///summary> 

    105. 

  105. public long Max_Length  
    106. 

  106. {  
    107. 

  107. get {return max_length;}  
    108. 

  108. }  
    109. 

  109. }   
    110. 

  110. 
///summary> 

    111. 

  111. /// Field descriptor  
    112. 

  112. 
///summary> 

    113. 

  113. [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]  
    114. 

  114. internal class MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD_VERSION_5: IMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_FIELD   
    115. 

  115. {  
    116. 

  116. 
///summary> 

    117. 

  117. /// Name of column   
    118. 

  118. 
///summary> 

    119. 

  119. public string name;   
    120. 

  120. 
///summary> 

    121. 

  121. /// Original column name, if an alias  
    122. 

  122. 
///summary> 

    123. 

  123. public string org_name;   
    124. 

  124. 
///summary> 

    125. 

  125. /// Table of column if column was a field  
    126. 

  126. 
///summary> 

    127. 

  127. public string table;   
    128. 

  128. 
///summary> 

    129. 

  129. /// Org table name if table was an alias  
    130. 

  130. 
///summary> 

    131. 

  131. public string org_table;   
    132. 

  132. 
///summary> 

    133. 

  133. /// Database for table  
    134. 

  134. 
///summary> 

    135. 

  135. public string db;   
    136. 

  136. 
///summary> 

    137. 

  137. /// Catalog for table  
    138. 

  138. 
///summary> 

    139. 

  139. //public string catalog;   
    140. 

  140. 
///summary> 

    141. 

  141. /// def  
    142. 

  142. 
///summary> 

    143. 

  143. public string def;   
    144. 

  144. 
///summary> 

    145. 

  145. /// length  
    146. 

  146. 
///summary> 

    147. 

  147. public long length;   
    148. 

  148. 
///summary> 

    149. 

  149. /// max_length  
    150. 

  150. 
///summary> 

    151. 

  151. public long max_length;   
    152. 

  152. 
///summary> 

    153. 

  153. /// name_length  
    154. 

  154. 
///summary> 

    155. 

  155. //public uint name_length;  
    156. 

  156. 
///summary> 

    157. 

  157. /// org_name_length  
    158. 

  158. 
///summary> 

    159. 

  159. public uint org_name_length;  
    160. 

  160. 
///summary> 

    161. 

  161. /// table_length  
    162. 

  162. 
///summary> 

    163. 

  163. public uint table_length;  
    164. 

  164. 
///summary> 

    165. 

  165. /// org_table_length  
    166. 

  166. 
///summary> 

    167. 

  167. public uint org_table_length;  
    168. 

  168. 
///summary> 

    169. 

  169. /// db_length  
    170. 

  170. 
///summary> 

    171. 

  171. public uint db_length;  
    172. 

  172. 
///summary> 

    173. 

  173. /// catalog_length  
    174. 

  174. 
///summary> 

    175. 

  175. public uint catalog_length;  
    176. 

  176. 
///summary> 

    177. 

  177. /// def_length  
    178. 

  178. 
///summary> 

    179. 

  179. public uint def_length;  
    180. 

  180. 
///summary> 

    181. 

  181. /// Div flags  
    182. 

  182. 
///summary> 

    183. 

  183. public uint flags;   
    184. 

  184. 
///summary> 

    185. 

  185. /// Number of decimals in field  
    186. 

  186. 
///summary> 

    187. 

  187. public uint decimals;   
    188. 

  188. 
///summary> 

    189. 

  189. /// Character set  
    190. 

  190. 
///summary> 

    191. 

  191. public uint charsetnr;   
    192. 

  192. 
///summary> 

    193. 

  193. /// Type of field. Se MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_com.h for types  
    194. 

  194. 
///summary> 

    195. 

  195. public uint type;   
    196. 

  196. 
///summary> 

    197. 

  197. /// Name  
    198. 

  198. 
///summary> 

    199. 

  199. public string Name  
    200. 

  200. {  
    201. 

  201. get {return name;}  
    202. 

  202. }  
    203. 

  203. 
///summary> 

    204. 

  204. /// Type  
    205. 

  205. 
///summary> 

    206. 

  206. public uint Type  
    207. 

  207. {  
    208. 

  208. get {return type;}  
    209. 

  209. }  
    210. 

  210. 
///summary> 

    211. 

  211. /// Max_Length  
    212. 

  212. 
///summary> 

    213. 

  213. public long Max_Length  
    214. 

  214. {  
    215. 

  215. get {return max_length;}  
    216. 

  216. }  
    217. 

  217. }   
    218. 

  218. //[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]  
    219. 

  219. public enum enum_field_types   
    220. 

  220. {  
    221. 

  221. FIELD_TYPE_DECIMAL, FIELD_TYPE_TINY,  
    222. 

  222. FIELD_TYPE_SHORT, FIELD_TYPE_LONG,  
    223. 

  223. FIELD_TYPE_FLOAT, FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE,  
    224. 

  224. FIELD_TYPE_NULL, FIELD_TYPE_TIMESTAMP,  
    225. 

  225. FIELD_TYPE_LONGLONG,FIELD_TYPE_INT24,  
    226. 

  226. FIELD_TYPE_DATE, FIELD_TYPE_TIME,  
    227. 

  227. FIELD_TYPE_DATETIME, FIELD_TYPE_YEAR,  
    228. 

  228. FIELD_TYPE_NEWDATE,  
    229. 

  229. 
FIELD_TYPE_ENUM=247,  

    230. 

  230. 
FIELD_TYPE_SET=248,  

    231. 

  231. 
FIELD_TYPE_TINY_BLOB=249,  

    232. 

  232. 
FIELD_TYPE_MEDIUM_BLOB=250,  

    233. 

  233. 
FIELD_TYPE_LONG_BLOB=251,  

    234. 

  234. 
FIELD_TYPE_BLOB=252,  

    235. 

  235. 
FIELD_TYPE_VAR_STRING=253,  

    236. 

  236. 
FIELD_TYPE_STRING=254,  

    237. 

  237. 
FIELD_TYPE_GEOMETRY=255 

    238. 

  238. };  
    239. 

  239. 
///summary> 

    240. 

  240. /// C prototypes warpper for MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)lib.  
    241. 

  241. 
///summary> 

    242. 

  242. internal class CPrototypes  
    243. 

  243. {  
    244. 

  244. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_init" )]  

    245. 

  245. unsafe public static extern void* MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_init(void* must_be_null);  
    246. 

  246. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_close" )]  

    247. 

  247. unsafe public static extern void MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_close(void* handle);  
    248. 

  248. // BEGIN ADDITION 2004-07-01 BY Alex Seewald  
    249. 

  249. // Enables us to call MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_option to activate compression and timeout  
    250. 

  250. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_options" )]   

    251. 

  251. unsafe public static extern void MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_options(void* MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合), uint option, uint *value);  
    252. 

  252. // END ADDITION 2004-07-01 By Alex Seewald  
    253. 

  253. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_real_connect" )]  

    254. 

  254. unsafe public static extern void* MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_real_connect(void* MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合), 
    string host, string user, string passwd, string db, uint port, string unix_socket, int client_flag);  
    255. 

  255. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_query" )]  

    256. 

  256. unsafe public static extern int MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_query(void*MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合), string query);  
    257. 

  257. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_store_result" )]  

    258. 

  258. unsafe public static extern void *MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_store_result(void *MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合));  
    259. 

  259. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_free_result" )]  

    260. 

  260. unsafe public static extern void MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_free_result(void*result);  
    261. 

  261. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_errno" )]  

    262. 

  262. unsafe public static extern uint MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_errno(void*MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合));  
    263. 

  263. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_error" )]  

    264. 

  264. unsafe public static extern string MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_error(void*MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合));  
    265. 

  265. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_field_count" )]  

    266. 

  266. unsafe public static extern uint MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_field_count(void*MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合));  
    267. 

  267. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_affected_rows" )]  

    268. 

  268. unsafe public static extern ulong MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_affected_rows(void*MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合));  
    269. 

  269. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_num_fields" )]  

    270. 

  270. unsafe public static extern uint MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_num_fields(void*result);  
    271. 

  271. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_num_rows" )]  

    272. 

  272. unsafe public static extern ulong MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_num_rows(void *result);  
    273. 

  273. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_fetch_field_direct" )]  

    274. 

  274. unsafe public static extern IntPtr MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_fetch_field_direct(void*result, uint fieldnr);  
    275. 

  275. 
///returns>Returns a string that represents the client library versionreturns> 

    276. 

  276. 
[DllImport("libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll",CharSet=System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Ansi,  

    277. 

  277. 
EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_get_client_info", ExactSpelling=true)]  

    278. 

  278. public static extern string GetClientInfo();  
    279. 

  279. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_fetch_row" )]  

    280. 

  280. unsafe public static extern IntPtr MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_fetch_row(void*result);  
    281. 

  281. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_select_db" )]  

    282. 

  282. unsafe public static extern int MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_select_db(void*MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合),string dbname);  
    283. 

  283. 
[ DllImport( "libMySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).dll", EntryPoint="MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_fetch_lengths" )]  

    284. 

  284. unsafe public static extern UInt32 *MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)_fetch_lengths(void*result);  
    285. 

  285. }  
    286. 

  286. }   
    287.

基本上是将C风格的基础数据结构进行.net的重新定义，然后通过InteropServices进行访问。具体如何利用这个库进行操作，可以参考其中的例子。以上的相关内容就是对.NET如何访问MySQL数据库的介绍，望你能有所收获。

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