欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  web前端

html5 迷宫游戏(碰撞检测)实例一_html5教程技巧

程序员文章站 2022-03-07 18:10:54
...
游戏效果图
html5 迷宫游戏(碰撞检测)实例一_html5教程技巧
通过鼠标拖拽在画布上添加墙壁,通过方向键控制多边形上下左右移动,遇到墙壁则无法前进。

需要解决的问题

鼠标按下,鼠标拖动,鼠标释放事件的检测
多边形的绘制
墙壁的绘制
多边形和墙壁的碰撞检测(实质上是圆和线段的相交判断)

MYCode:

代码如下:

<html> 
<head> 
<title>迷宫</title> 
<script> 
var canvas_width = 900; 
var canvas_height = 350; 
var ctx; 
var canvas; 
var everything = []; 
var cur_wall; 
var wall_width; 
var wall_style = "rgb(200,0,200)"; 
var walls = []; 
var in_motion = false; 
var unit = 10; 
function Token(sx, sy, rad, style_string, n) 
{ 
this.sx = sx; 
this.sy = sy; 
this.rad = rad; 
this.draw = draw_token; 
this.n = n; 
this.angle = (2 * Math.PI) / n; 
this.move = move_token; 
this.fill_style = style_string; 
} 
function draw_token()//绘制正n边形 
{ 
ctx.fill_style = this.fill_style; 
ctx.beginPath(); 
var i; 
var rad = this.rad; 
ctx.moveTo(this.sx + rad * Math.cos(-0.5 * this.angle), this.sy + rad * Math.sin(-0.5 * this.angle)); 
for (i = 1; i < this.n; i++) 
ctx.lineTo(this.sx + rad * Math.cos((i - 0.5) * this.angle), this.sy + rad * Math.sin((i - 0.5) * this.angle)); 
ctx.fill(); 
} 
function move_token(dx, dy) 
{ 
this.sx += dx; 
this.sy += dy; 
var i; 
var wall; 
for (i = 0; i < walls.length; i++) 
{ 
wall = walls[i]; 
if (intersect(wall.sx, wall.sy, wall.fx, wall.fy, this.sx, this.sy, this.rad)) 
{ 
this.sx -= dx; 
this.sy -= dy; 
break; 
} 
} 
} 
function Wall(sx, sy, fx, fy, width, styleString) 
{ 
this.sx = sx; 
this.sy = sy; 
this.fx = fx; 
this.fy = fy; 
this.width = width; 
this.draw = draw_line; 
this.strokeStyle = styleString; 
} 
function draw_line() 
{ 
ctx.lineWidth = this.width; 
ctx.strokeStye = this.strokeStyle; 
ctx.beginPath(); 
ctx.moveTo(this.sx, this.sy); 
ctx.lineTo(this.fx, this.fy); 
ctx.stroke(); 
} 
//note 
var mypent = new Token(100, 100, 20, "rgb(0,0,250)", 5); 
everything.push(mypent); 
function init() 
{ 
canvas = document.getElementById("canvas"); 
ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'); 
//note 
canvas.addEventListener('mousedown', start_wall, false); 
canvas.addEventListener('mousemove', stretch_wall, false); 
canvas.addEventListener('mouseup', finish_wall, false); 
window.addEventListener('keydown', getkey_and_move, false); 
draw_all(); 
} 
function start_wall(ev) 
{ 
var mx; 
var my; 
if (ev.layerX || ev.layerx == 0) 
{ 
mx = ev.layerX; 
my = ev.layerY; 
} 
else if (ev.offsetX || ev.offsetX == 0) 
{ 
mx = ev.offsetX; 
my = ev.offsetY; 
} 
cur_wall = new Wall(mx, my, mx + 1, my + 1, wall_width, wall_style); 
in_motion = true; 
everything.push(cur_wall); 
draw_all(); 
} 
function stretch_wall(ev) 
{ 
if (in_motion) 
{ 
var mx; 
var my; 
if (ev.layerX || ev.layerX == 0) 
{ 
mx = ev.layerX; 
my = ev.layerY; 
} 
else if (ev.offsetX || ev.offsetX == 0) 
{ 
mx = ev.offsetX; 
my = ev.offsetY; 
} 
cur_wall.fx = mx; 
cur_wall.fy = my; 
draw_all(); 
} 
} 
function finish_wall(ev) 
{ 
in_motion = false; 
walls.push(cur_wall); 
} 
function draw_all() 
{ 
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas_width, canvas_height); 
var i; 
for (i = 0; i < everything.length; i++) 
{ 
everything[i].draw(); 
} 
} 
function getkey_and_move(event) 
{ 
var keyCode; 
if (event == null) 
{ 
keyCode = window.event.keyCode; 
window.event.preventDefault(); 
} 
else 
{ 
keyCode = event.keyCode; 
event.preventDefault(); 
} 
switch (keyCode) 
{ 
case 37://left arrow 
mypent.move(-unit, 0); 
break; 
case 38://up arrow 
mypent.move(0, -unit); 
break; 
case 39://right arrow 
mypent.move(unit, 0); 
break; 
case 40: 
mypent.move(0, unit); 
break; 
default: 
//window.removeEventListener('keydown', getkey_and_move, false); 
} 
draw_all(); 
} 
function intersect(sx, sy, fx, fy, cx, cy, rad) 
{ 
var dx; 
var dy; 
var t; 
var rt; 
dx = fx - sx; 
dy = fy - sy; 
t = 0.0 - (((sx - cx) * dx + (sy - cy) * dy) / (dx * dx + dy * dy)); 
if (t < 0.0) 
{ 
t = 0.0; 
} 
else if (t > 1.0) 
t = 1.0; 
var dx1 = (sx + t * dx) - cx; 
var dy1 = (sy + t * dy) - cy; 
var rt = dx1 * dx1 + dy1 * dy1; 
if (rt < rad * rad) 
return true; 
else 
return false; 
} 
</script> 
<body onLoad="init();"> 
<canvas id="canvas" width="900" height="350"></canvas> 
</body> 
</html>


难点

多边形和线段碰撞检测的方法
函数intersect()负责检测多边形和线段是否相交
记线段上一点p(x,y)
线段2个端点是(sx,sy)和(fx,fy)

dx=fx-sx

dy=fy-sy

x和y可以表示如下

x=sx+t*dx

y=sy+t*dy

要判断线段和多边形是否相交,转化为判断线段和多边形的外接圆是否相交
为此需要找到线段上离圆心o最近的一点p
如果|op|<圆的半径,则可以判断线段和圆相交。
否则不相交。

怎么找到线段上离圆心距离最近的点呢?

p点到o点的距离可以表示为

distance=sqrt((x-cx)*(x-cx)+(y-cy)*(y-cy));

代入

x=sx+t*dx和y=sy+t*dy

可以得到distance是一个关于t的函数

对此函数求导

求出函数值为0时对应的t值就可以得到距离圆心最近的点