Kubernetes储存:ConfigMap、Secret、Volumes

程序员文章站 2022-05-11 17:03:44

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一、ConfigMap配置管理

Configmap用于保存配置数据，以键值对形式存储。
configMap 资源提供了向 Pod 注入配置数据的方法。
旨在让镜像和配置文件解耦，以便实现镜像的可移植性和可复用性

1、创建ConfigMap的方式

1）字面值创建

[[email protected] ~]# kubectl get pod
No resources found in default namespace.
[[email protected] ~]# kubectl get cm
NAME               DATA   AGE
kube-root-ca.crt   1      24d
[[email protected] ~]# kubectl create configmap my-config --from-literal=key1=config1 --from-literal=key2=config2
[[email protected] ~]# kubectl describe cm my-config

2）使用文件创建

[[email protected] ~]# kubectl create configmap my-config-2 --from-file=/etc/resolv.conf
configmap/my-config-2 created
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 114.114.114.114
[[email protected] ~]# kubectl describe cm my-config-2

3）使用目录创建

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir congfigmap
[[email protected] ~]# cd congfigmap/
[[email protected] congfigmap]# mkdir test
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cp /etc/resolv.conf test/
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cp /etc/fstab test/
[[email protected] congfigmap]# ls test/
fstab  resolv.conf
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl create configmap my-config-3 --from-file=test
configmap/my-config-3 created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm my-config-3#有多少文件就会生成多少KV

4）使用编写文件创建

[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim cm1.yaml
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cat cm1.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: cm1-config
data:
  db_host: "192.168.100.250"
  db_port: "3306"
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f cm1.yaml 
configmap/cm1-config created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm cm1-config 
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod1
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm cm-config

2、使用configmap

1）使用configmap设置环境变量

[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim pod1.yaml
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cat pod1.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod1
spec:
  containers:
    - name: pod1
      image: busyboxplus
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "env"]
      env:
        - name: key1
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: cm1-config
              key: db_host
        - name: key2
          valueFrom:
            configMapKeyRef:
              name: cm1-config
              key: db_port
  restartPolicy: Never
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod1.yaml 
pod/pod1 created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME   READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
pod1   0/1     Completed   0          18s

[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod1
KUBERNETES_PORT=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT=443
HOSTNAME=pod1
SHLVL=1
HOME=/
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_ADDR=10.96.0.1
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PORT=443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PROTO=tcp
key1=192.168.100.250
key2=3306
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS=443
PWD=/
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST=10.96.0.1
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm cm1-config #port和host相对应
[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim pod2.yaml
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cat pod2.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod2
spec:
  containers:
    - name: pod2
      image: busyboxplus
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "env"]
      envFrom:
        - configMapRef:
            name: cm1-config
  restartPolicy: Never
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod2.yaml 
pod/pod1 created

[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME   READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
pod1   0/1     Completed   0          8m7s
pod2   0/1     Completed   0          78s
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod2
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT=443
KUBERNETES_PORT=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
HOSTNAME=pod2
SHLVL=1
HOME=/
db_port=3306
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_ADDR=10.96.0.1
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PORT=443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP_PROTO=tcp
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS=443
KUBERNETES_PORT_443_TCP=tcp://10.96.0.1:443
PWD=/
KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST=10.96.0.1
db_host=192.168.100.250

2）使用configmap设置命令行参数

[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim pod2.yaml 
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cat pod2.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod2
spec:
  containers:
    - name: pod2
      image: busyboxplus
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $(db_host)"]#把db_port和de_host输出来
      envFrom:
        - configMapRef:
            name: cm1-config
  restartPolicy: Never
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod2.yaml 
pod/pod2 created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME   READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
pod2   0/1     Completed   0          11s
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod2
192.168.100.250

3）通过数据卷使用configmap

[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim pod3.yaml
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cat pod3.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod3
spec:
  containers:
    - name: pod3
      image: busyboxplus
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "ls -l /config/"]
      volumeMounts:
      - name: config-volume
        mountPath: /config
  volumes:
    - name: config-volume
      configMap:
        name: cm1-config
  restartPolicy: Never

[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod3.yaml 
pod/pod3 created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME   READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE
pod2   0/1     Completed   0          5m1s
pod3   0/1     Completed   0          13s
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod3
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            14 Feb 24 18:18 db_host -> ..data/db_host
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            14 Feb 24 18:18 db_port -> ..data/db_port

[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim pod3.yaml
      command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "cat /config/db_host"]
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl delete pod --all
pod "pod2" deleted
pod "pod3" deleted
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod3.yaml 
pod/pod3 created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl logs pod3
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl delete -f pod3.yaml

4）congfigmap热更新

[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim pod3.yam
lapiVersion: v1
data:
  db_host: 192.168.100.100
  db_port: "8080"
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f pod3.yaml 
pod/pod3 configured
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl attach pod3 -it
Defaulting container name to pod3.
Use 'kubectl describe pod/pod3 -n default' to see all of the containers in this pod.
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
/ # cat /config/*
192.168.100.1008080/ # #pod数据会有几秒的延迟才更新
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl describe cm cm1-config

##滚动触发需要手动
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl delete -f pod3.yaml --force

[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl run demo --image=myapp:v1
pod/demo created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl exec -it demo -- sh
/ # cd /etc/nginx/
conf.d/   modules/
/ # cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
/etc/nginx/conf.d # ls
default.conf
/etc/nginx/conf.d # cat default.conf #查看主配置文件
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl delete pod demo --force

[[email protected] ~]# cp demo.yml congfigmap/
[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim demo.yml 
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cat demo.yml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: demo
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myapp
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myapp
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myapp
        image: myapp:v1
        volumeMounts:
        - name: config-volume
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d
      volumes:
        - name: config-volume
          configMap:
            name: nginx-config

[[email protected] congfigmap]# vim default.conf 
[[email protected] congfigmap]# cat default.conf 
server {
    listen       8080;
    server_name  _;

    location / {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl create configmap nginx-config --from-file=default.conf
configmap/nginx-config created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get cm
NAME               DATA   AGE
cm1-config         2      161m
kube-root-ca.crt   1      25d
my-config          2      169m
my-config-2        1      168m
my-config-3        2      165m
nginx-config       1      8s


[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl apply -f demo.yml 
deployment.apps/demo created
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
demo-75679c99b4-ggzh5   1/1     Running   0          11s
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP             NODE      NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
demo-75679c99b4-ggzh5   1/1     Running   0          17s   10.244.1.117   server3   <none>           <none>
[[email protected] congfigmap]# curl 10.244.1.117:8080
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl exec -it demo-75679c99b4-ggzh5 -- sh
/ # cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf #就是刚才写的default.conf
server {
    listen       8080;
    server_name  _;

    location / {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}


[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl edit cm nginx-config #改成80
        listen       80;
[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl patch deployments.apps demo --patch '{"spec": {"template": {"metadata": {"annotations": {"version/config": "2021022401"}}}}}'##更新，变更参数。手动触发：给demo打一个补丁。以年月日第几次

[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl exec -it demo-6d558bcb5f-pjp9w -- sh
/ # cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 
server {
    listen       80;

[[email protected] congfigmap]# kubectl get pod#会把原来的pod删除重建，就变成了80
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
demo-6d558bcb5f-pjp9w   1/1     Running   0          36s
#手动触发：也可以直接delete pod

二、Secret管理

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/
Secret 对象类型用来保存敏感信息，例如密码、OAuth 令牌和 ssh key。敏感信息放在 secret 中比放在 Pod 的定义或者容器镜像中来说更加安全和灵活。
Pod 可以用两种方式使用 secret：
作为 volume 中的文件被挂载到 pod 中的一个或者多个容器里。
当 kubelet 为 pod 拉取镜像时使用。
Secret的类型：
Service Account：Kubernetes 自动创建包含访问 API 凭据的 secret，并自动修改 pod 以使用此类型的 secret。
Opaque：使用base64编码存储信息，可以通过base64 --decode解码获得原始数据，因此安全性弱。
kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson：用于存储docker registry的认证信息。

[[email protected] secret]# kubectl describe sa default 
Name:                default
Namespace:           default
Labels:              <none>
Annotations:         <none>
Image pull secrets:  <none>
Mountable secrets:   default-token-xlsq2
Tokens:              default-token-xlsq2
Events:              <none>
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl get secrets 
NAME                  TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
basic-auth            Opaque                                1      24h
default-token-xlsq2   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      25d
tls-secret            kubernetes.io/tls                     2      25h
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl describe pod demo-6d558bcb5f-pjp9w
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-xlsq2 (ro)#默认路径
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl exec demo-6d558bcb5f-pjp9w -- ls /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
ca.crt
namespace
token

1）编写一个secret对象

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir secret
[[email protected] ~]# cd secret/
[[email protected] secret]# vim mysecret.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# cat mysecret.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: mysecret
type: Opaque
data:
  username: YWRtaW4=
  password: d2VzdG9z
[[email protected] secret]# echo YWRtaW4=|base64 -d
admin[[email protected] secret]# echo d2VzdG9z|base64 -d
westos
westos[[email protected] secret]# kubectl apply -f mysecret.yaml 
secret/mysecret created
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl get secrets 
NAME                  TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
basic-auth            Opaque                                1      25h
default-token-xlsq2   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      25d
mysecret              Opaque                                2      10s

2）将secret挂载到卷中

[[email protected] secret]# kubectl delete deployments.apps demo 
deployment.apps "demo" deleted
[[email protected] secret]# vim pod1.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# cat pod1.yaml #myapp:v1可以自动运行在后台
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mysecret
spec:
  containers:
  - name: demo
    image: myapp:v1
    volumeMounts:
    - name: secrets
      mountPath: "/secret"
      readOnly: true
  volumes:
  - name: secrets
    secret:
      secretName: mysecret

[[email protected] secret]# kubectl apply -f pod1.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl exec mysecret -- cat /secret/username
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl exec mysecret -- cat /secret/password

3）向指定路径影射secret**

[[email protected] secret]# vim pod1.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# cat pod1.yaml #myapp:v1可以自动运行在后台
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mysecret
spec:
  containers:
  - name: demo
    image: myapp:v1
    volumeMounts:
    - name: secrets
      mountPath: "/secret"
      readOnly: true
  volumes:
  - name: secrets
    secret:
      secretName: mysecret
      items:
      - key: username
        path: my-group/my-username

[[email protected] secret]# kubectl apply -f pod1.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl exec mysecret -- ls /secret
my-group

2）将secret设置为环境变量

[[email protected] secret]# kubectl delete -f pod1.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# vim pod2.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# cat pod2.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: secret-env
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: myapp:v1
    env:
      - name: SECRET_USERNAME
        valueFrom:
          secretKeyRef:
            name: mysecret
            key: username
      - name: SECRET_PASSWORD
        valueFrom:
          secretKeyRef:
            name: mysecret
            key: password
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl apply -f pod2.yaml 
pod/secret-env created
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl exec secret-env -- env
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
HOSTNAME=secret-env
SECRET_USERNAME=admin
SECRET_PASSWORD=westos
#环境变量读取方便，但不能时时更新
##用于存储认证信息

[[email protected] secret]# kubectl delete pod secret-env --force 
[[email protected] secret]# vim pod3.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# cat pod3.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mypod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: game2048
      image: reg.westos.org/westos/game2048
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl apply -f pod3.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl describe pod mypod#镜像拉取失败，westos是私有仓库需要认证才能拉取镜像
[[email protected] secret]# vim pod3.yaml
[[email protected] secret]# cat pod3.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: mypod
spec:
  containers:
    - name: game2048
      image: reg.westos.org/westos/game2048
  imagePullSecrets:
    - name: myregistrykey  

[[email protected] secret]# kubectl create secret docker-registry myregistrykey --docker-server=reg.westos.org --docker-username=admin --docker-password=westos [email protected]
#create创建myregistrykey
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl get describe secrets -o myregistrykey
[[email protected] secret]# kubectl apply -f pod3.yaml#镜像拉取成功

三、卷Volumes配置管理

容器中的文件在磁盘上是临时存放的，这给容器中运行的特殊应用程序带来一些问题。首先，当容器崩溃时，kubelet 将重新启动容器，容器中的文件将会丢失,因为容器会以干净的状态重建。其次，当在一个 Pod 中同时运行多个容器时，常常需要在这些容器之间共享文件。 Kubernetes 抽象出 Volume 对象来解决这两个问题。
Kubernetes 卷具有明确的生命周期,与包裹它的 Pod 相同。因此，卷比 Pod 中运行的任何容器的存活期都长，在容器重新启动时数据也会得到保留。当然，当一个 Pod 不再存在时，卷也将不再存在。也许更重要的是，Kubernetes 可以支持许多类型的卷，Pod 也能同时使用任意数量的卷。
卷不能挂载到其他卷，也不能与其他卷有硬链接。 Pod 中的每个容器必须独立地指定每个卷的挂载位置。
k8s支持的卷：官网：https://applkdmhnt09730.h5.xiaoeknow.com/v1/course/alive/l_60361e1be4b0867086c0ffb0?type=2&pro_id=p_5fed4801e4b0c4f2bc4f2899

1、emptyDir卷，空卷

当 Pod 指定到某个节点上时，首先创建的是一个 emptyDir 卷，并且只要 Pod 在该节点上运行，卷就一直存在。就像它的名称表示的那样，卷最初是空的。尽管 Pod 中的容器挂载 emptyDir 卷的路径可能相同也可能不同，但是这些容器都可以读写 emptyDir 卷中相同的文件。当 Pod 因为某些原因被从节点上删除时，emptyDir 卷中的数据也会永久删除。

kubectl get pod
delete pod mypod --force
mkdir volumes
cd volumes
vim empotydir.yaml
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir volumes
[[email protected] ~]# cd volumes/
[[email protected] volumes]# vim empotydir.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# cat empotydir.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: vol1
spec:
  containers:
  - image: busyboxplus
    name: vm1
    stdin: true
    tty: true#没有时间限制，一直跑true
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /cache
      name: cache-volume
  - name: vm2
    image: myapp:v1
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      name: cache-volume
  volumes:
  - name: cache-volume
    emptyDir:
      medium: Memory
      sizeLimit: 100Mi

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f empotydir.yaml 
pod/vol1 created
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod
NAME   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
vol1   0/2     Pending   0          8s
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl describe pod vol1 
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod -o wide#ip是10.244.141.218
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.218#通
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl attach vol1 -c vm1 -it#-c指定容器
/ # ip addr #卷的数据在pod内所有容器间是共享的，ip不变
/ # echo www.westos.org > index.html
/ # curl localhost
/ # www.westos.org
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.218#vm1里的改变时。vm2里也会作相应改变
www.westos.org
##emptyDir缺点，超过内存被驱离，有风险
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl attach vol1 -c vm1 -it#-c指定容器
/ # dd if=/dev/zero of=bigfile ba=1M count=200#直接耗的物理内存200M，超过本身100M的内存
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod -w#等一会
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod #被驱离Evicted
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl delete pod vol1

2、hostPath卷

hostPath卷，为一些程序提供了一个强大的逃生仓
server3和server4创建目录westos，分别创建文件file1，file2，挂载路径westos一样，但访问文件内容不一样
超户才能写

[[email protected] volumes]# vim hostpath.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# cat hostpath.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test-pd
spec:
  containers:
  - image: myapp:v1
    name: vm1
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      name: test-volume
  volumes:
  - name: test-volume
    hostPath:
      path: /webdata
      type: DirectoryOrCreate
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f hostpath.yaml

[[email protected] ~]# cd /webdata
[[email protected] webdata]# echo www.westos.org > index.html
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod -o wide#ip是10.244.141.219
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.219#通
www.westos.org
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl delete -f hostpath.yaml#删掉pod，server3上的路径webdata不会被删除

3、nfs

[[email protected] volumes]# vim nfs.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nfs-pd
spec:
  containers:
  - image: myapp:v1
    name: vm1
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      name: test-volume
  volumes:
  - name: test-volume
    nfs:
      server: 172.25.0.1#相当于客户端server1挂载nfs
      path: /nfsdata


[[email protected] ~]# yum install nfs-utils -y
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/exports
[[email protected] etc]# cat /etc/exports
/nfsdata	*(rw,no_root_squash)
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable --now nfs
[[email protected] ~]# showmount -e
Export list for server1:
/nfsdata *

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f nfs.yaml

[[email protected] ~]# yum install nfs-utils -y

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl  get pod
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl describe pod nfs-pd
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod -o wide##nfs-pdip是10.244.141.220
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.220#通
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /nfsdata
[[email protected] ~]# cd /nfsdata
[[email protected] nfsdata]# echo www.westos.org> index.html
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.220#通,等一会刷新
www.westos.org

4、persistentVolume持久卷VC，pv、pvc、pod之间的关系

1)创建持久卷

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pv#没有东西
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl delete -f nfs.yaml

[[email protected] ~]# df -h /#看大小

[[email protected] volumes]# vim pv1.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# cat pv1.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv1
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 5Gi
  volumeMode: Filesystem#访问呢的是文件
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
  storageClassName: nfs
  nfs:
    path: /nfsdata
    server: 172.25.0.1

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f pv1.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pv#有pv1

[[email protected] ~]# cd /nfsdata
[[email protected] nfsdata]# mkdir pv1 pv2 pv3

[[email protected] volumes]# vim pv1.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# cat pv1.yaml#访问模式accessMdes,三个pv，三个模式ReadWriteOnce、ReadWriteMany、ReadOnlyMany,三个挂载点/nfsdata/pv1、/nfsdata/pv2、/nfsdata/pv3
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv1
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 5Gi
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
  storageClassName: nfs
  nfs:
    path: /nfsdata/pv1
    server: 172.25.0.1
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv2
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
  storageClassName: nfs
  nfs:
    path: /nfsdata/pv2
    server: 172.25.0.1
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv3
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 20Gi
  volumeMode: Filesystem
  accessModes:
    - ReadOnlyMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
  storageClassName: nfs
  nfs:
    path: /nfsdata/pv3
    server: 172.25.0.1

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f pv1.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pv#有3个pv1、pv2、pv3，三个模式,三个挂载点

2)创建pvc

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pv#storyclassname:nfs
[[email protected] volumes]# vim pvc.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# cat pvc.yaml#三个条件同时满足：大小storage,storageClassName,模式ReadWriteOnce
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc1
spec:
  storageClassName: nfs
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi


[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pv#pv1status：bound已经被绑定了
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pvc#有pv1
[[email protected] volumes]# vim pvc.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# cat pvc.yaml#pod内绑定pvc
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc1
spec:
  storageClassName: nfs
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test-pd
spec:
  containers:
  - image: myapp:v1
    name: nginx
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      name: nfs-pv
  volumes:
  - name: nfs-pv
    persistentVolumeClaim:
      claimName: pvc1

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pv
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pvc
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod -o wide#看ip10.244.141.222
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.222#不通

[[email protected] nfsdata]# cd pv1
[[email protected] pv1]# echo www.westos.reg > index.html
[[email protected] nfsdata]# cd pv2
[[email protected] pv2]# echo www.rehat.reg > index.html


[[email protected] volumes]# vim pvc.yaml#添加pod绑定pv2
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc1
spec:
  storageClassName: nfs
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc2
spec:
  storageClassName: nfs
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 10Gi

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test-pd
spec:
  containers:
  - image: myapp:v1
    name: nginx
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      name: nfs-pv
  volumes:
  - name: nfs-pv
    persistentVolumeClaim:
      claimName: pvc1

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: test-pd-2
spec:
  containers:
  - image: myapp:v1
    name: nginx
    volumeMounts:
    - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
      name: nfs-pv-2
  volumes:
  - name: nfs-pv-2
    persistentVolumeClaim:
      claimName: pvc2

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pvc#pv1,pv2都绑定了，不同的pod绑定不同的pvc
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get pod -o wide#看两个iptest-pd:10.244.141.226  test-pd-2:10.244.22.6
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.226#两个ip，不一样
www.westos.reg
[[email protected] volumes]# curl 10.244.141.226
www.rehat.reg

5、动态卷 NFS client provisioner

delete -f pvc.yaml
delete -f pv1.yaml
[[email protected] nfsdata]# rm -fr *

[[email protected] nfsdata]# docker pull heegor/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0  #使用最新版v4.0，下载慢

[[email protected] nfsdata]# docker tag heegor/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0 reg.westos.org/library/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0
[[email protected] nfsdata]# docker push reg.westos.org/library/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0

#直接复制文件内容：https://github.com/kubernetes-retired/external-storage/tree/master/nfs-client/deploy
#新版：https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/tree/master/deploy
[[email protected] volumes]# mkdir nfs-client
[[email protected] volumes]# cd nfs-client
[[email protected] nfs-client]# \vi nfs-client-provisioner.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# cat nfs-client-provisioner.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: nfs-client-provisioner
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
  - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["storageclasses"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["events"]
    verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
    # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
    namespace: nfs-client-provisioner
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: nfs-client-provisioner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["endpoints"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
    # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
    namespace: nfs-client-provisioner
roleRef:
  kind: Role
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
  labels:
    app: nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: nfs-client-provisioner
spec:
  replicas: 1
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nfs-client-provisioner
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nfs-client-provisioner
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: nfs-client-provisioner
      containers:
        - name: nfs-client-provisioner
          image: nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.0
          volumeMounts:
            - name: nfs-client-root
              mountPath: /persistentvolumes
          env:
            - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
              value: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
            - name: NFS_SERVER
              value: 172.25.0.1
            - name: NFS_PATH
              value: /nfsdata
      volumes:
        - name: nfs-client-root
          nfs:
            server: 172.25.0.1
            path: /nfsdata
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: managed-nfs-storage
provisioner: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
parameters:
  archiveOnDelete: "true"#delete后再server1上nfsdata还有打包


[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl apply -f nfs-client-provisioner.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pod#生成pod：managed-nfs-storage
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl describe pod managed-nfs-storage
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl logs nfs
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get sc
[[email protected] nfs-client]# describe sc managed-nfs-storage

#清理环境。现在没有任何pv和pvc：kubectl get pv，kubectl get pvc
[[email protected] nfs-client]# vim pvc.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# cat pvc.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: test-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: managed-nfs-storage
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 2Gi


[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pvc#有test-claim，被绑定bound

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pv#还会自动创建pv


[[email protected] nfsdata]# ls
default-test-claim-pvc....
[[email protected] nfsdata]# cd default-test-claim-pvc...
[[email protected] default-test-claim-pvc...]# echo www.westos.org > index.html


[[email protected] nfs-client]# vim pvc.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# cat pvc.yaml#加pod
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: test-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: managed-nfs-storage
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 2Gi
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: test-pod
spec:
  containers:
  - name: test-pod
    image: myapp:v1
    volumeMounts:
      - name: nfs-pvc
        mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
  volumes:
    - name: nfs-pvc
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: test-claim

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pod -o wide#看test-pod的ip：10.244.22.10
[[email protected] nfs-client]# curl 10.244.22.10
www.westos.org
[[email protected] nfs-client]# cp pvc.yaml demo.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# vim demo.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: test-claim-2
spec:
  storageClassName: managed-nfs-storage
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 2Gi
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: test-pod-2
spec:
  containers:
  - name: test-pod
    image: myapp:v1
    volumeMounts:
      - name: nfs-pvc
        mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
  volumes:
    - name: nfs-pvc
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: test-claim-2


[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pvc#有两个test-claim、test-claim-2
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pv#有两个default/test-claim、default/test-claim-2

[[email protected] nfsdata]# ls
default-test-claim-pvc....
[[email protected] nfsdata]# cd default-test-claim-2-pvc...
[[email protected] default-test-claim-2-pvc...]# echo www.rehat.org > index.html

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pod -o wide#看test-pod-2的ip：10.244.141.230
[[email protected] nfs-client]# curl 
www.rehat.org

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl delete -f pvc.yaml#delete后再server1上nfsdata还有打包

#重新整合到一个namespace中
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl delete -f demo.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl delete -f nfs-client-provisioner.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl create namespace nfs-client-provisioner
[[email protected] nfs-client]# vim nfs-client-provisioner.yaml
%s/default/nfs-client-provisioner/g

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl apply -f nfs-client-provisioner.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get ns#重新整合到一个namespace中
nfs-client-provisioner   Active   58s

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pvc#test-claim

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pv
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pod #都已生成，没问题

#不能自动的找到存储类

%%默认的stroageclass
[[email protected] nfs-client]# vim demo.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: test-claim-2
spec:
  #storageClassName: managed-nfs-storage
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 2Gi


[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl patch stroageclass managed-nfs-storage -p '{"metadata":{"annotations":{"stroageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}打补丁

[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl delete -f demo.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl apply -f demo.yaml
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get pvc#就会正常
[[email protected] nfs-client]# kubectl get sc#默认的default

6、控制器StatefulSet

##每个pod有自己独立的数据存储
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl delete -f demo.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl delete -f pvc.yaml
get pod、pv、pvc#都是空的

[[email protected] volumes]# mkdir statefulset
[[email protected] tatefulset]# cd statefulset

[[email protected] statefulset]# vim service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
 name: nginx-svc
 labels:
  app: nginx
spec:
 ports:
 - port: 80
   name: web
 clusterIP: None
 selector:
  app: nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
 name: web
spec:
 serviceName: "nginx-svc"
 replicas: 2
 selector:
  matchLabels:
   app: nginx
 template:
  metadata:
   labels:
    app: nginx
  spec:
   containers:
   - name: nginx
     image: myapp:v1
     ports:
     - containerPort: 80
       name: web

[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
[[email protected] volumes]# kubectl get svc#有nginx-svc
[[email protected] statefulset]# vim service.yaml
 replicas: 6
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pod#生成和删除都是one by one
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl describe svc nginx-svc
[[email protected] statefulset]# dig -t A exsvc.default.svc.cluster.local. @10.96.0.10
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl run demo --image=busyboxplus -it
/ # nslookup nginx-svc
/ # curl nginx-svc#都通
/ # curl nginx-svc/hostname.html#每个pod有自己独立的ip
/ # curl web-0.nginx-svc/hostnam.html#能够拿到每个pod固定的域名

[[email protected] statefulset]# vim service.yaml
 replicas: 0#0表示回收，创建的时候改个数就行
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pod #没了

[[email protected] statefulset]# vim service.yaml
=2#创建的时候改个数就行
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pod #web-0、web-1
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl attach demo -it
/ # nslookup nginx-svc
/ # curl nginx-svc#都通
/ # curl nginx-svc/hostname.html#每个pod有自己独立的ip
/ # curl web-0.nginx-svc/hostnam.html#能够拿到每个pod固定的域名

StatefulSet结合pv和pvc，每个pod都已一个卷

[[email protected] statefulset]# vim service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
 name: nginx-svc
 labels:
  app: nginx
spec:
 ports:
 - port: 80
   name: web
 clusterIP: None
 selector:
  app: nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
 name: web
spec:
 serviceName: "nginx-svc"
 replicas: 2
 selector:
  matchLabels:
   app: nginx
 template:
  metadata:
   labels:
    app: nginx
  spec:
   containers:
   - name: nginx
     image: myapp:v1
     ports:
     - containerPort: 80
       name: web
     volumeMounts:
       - name: www
         mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
 volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
     name: www
    spec:
     storageClassName: managed-nfs-storage
     accessModes:
     - ReadWriteOnce
     resources:
      requests:
       storage: 1Gi
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl delete -f service.yaml#要删除重建才生效
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml

[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pod 
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl describe pod web-0
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pv
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pvc

[[email protected] nfsdata]# ls
default-test-claim-pvc....
default-test-claim-2-pvc...
default-www-web-0-pvc-....
default-www-web-1-pvc-....
[[email protected] nfsdata]# cd default-www-web-0-pvc-....
[[email protected] default-www-web-0-pvc-....]# echo web-0 > index.html
[[email protected] nfsdata]# cd default-www-web-1-pvc-....
[[email protected] default-www-web-1-pvc-....]# echo web-1 > index.html


[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pod -o wide#看两个ip:web-0:10.244.22.18;web-1:10.244.141.237
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl attach demo -it 
curl nginx-svc
web-0
curl nginx-svc
web-1
curl nginx-svc
curl web-0.nginx-svc
curl web-1.nginx-svc
[[email protected] statefulset]# vim service.yaml
replicas:0
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
#pod都被回收，pv和pvc都在
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pod#pod都被回收
[[email protected] statefulset]# vim service.yaml
replicas:2

[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl get pod

[[email protected] statefulset]# kubectl attach demo -it 
/ # curl web-0.nginx-svc#还是原来的，没有重建。不删除控制器就不会重建

StatefulSet给所有的Pod进行了编号，编号规则是： ( s t a t e f u l s e t 名称 ) − (statefulset名称)- (statefulset名称)−(序号)，从0开始。
Pod被删除后重建，重建Pod的网络标识也不会改变,Pod的拓扑状态按照Pod的“名字+编号”的方式固定下来,并且为每个Pod提供了一个固定且唯一的访问入口,即Pod对应的DNS记录。

7、statefulset部署mysql主从集群

1）kubectl弹缩

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/tasks/run-application/run-replicated-stateful-application/

[[email protected] ]# mkdir mysql
[[email protected] ]# cd mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# \vi configmap.yaml#\vi有特殊符号要转至
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql
data:
  master.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on the master.
    [mysqld]
    log-bin    
  slave.cnf: |
    # Apply this config only on slaves.
    [mysqld]
    super-read-only

[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl apply -f configmap.yaml
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl describe cm mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl delete -f service.yaml
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl delete pvc --all
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl delete pod demo --force#此时pod为空
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get cm 
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl delete cm cm1-config my-config my-config-2 my-config-3
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get cm#只有两个：默认的，和mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# vim service.yaml
#创建两个svc
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql
  labels:
    app: mysql
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    app: mysql
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql-read
  labels:
    app: mysql
spec:
  ports:
  - name: mysql
    port: 3306
  selector:
    app: mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get pod
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get svc

[[email protected]]# docker pull mysql:5.7#要拉取5.7版本
[[email protected]]# docker tag mysql:5.7 reg.westos.org/library/mysql:5.7
[[email protected]]# docker push reg.westos.org/library/mysql:5.7

#创建一个初始化容器
free -m # requests:cpu和memory
[[email protected] mysql]# \vi statefulset.yaml
[[email protected] file_recv]# cat statefulset.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
  serviceName: mysql
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      initContainers:
      - name: init-mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Generate mysql server-id from pod ordinal index.
          [[ `hostname` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          echo [mysqld] > /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Add an offset to avoid reserved server-id=0 value.
          echo server-id=$((100 + $ordinal)) >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf
          # Copy appropriate conf.d files from config-map to emptyDir.
          if [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]]; then
            cp /mnt/config-map/master.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          else
            cp /mnt/config-map/slave.cnf /mnt/conf.d/
          fi          
        volumeMounts:
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /mnt/conf.d
        - name: config-map
          mountPath: /mnt/config-map
      - name: clone-mysql
        image: xtrabackup:1.0
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          # Skip the clone if data already exists.
          [[ -d /var/lib/mysql/mysql ]] && exit 0
          # Skip the clone on master (ordinal index 0).
          [[ `hostname` =~ -([0-9]+)$ ]] || exit 1
          ordinal=${BASH_REMATCH[1]}
          [[ $ordinal -eq 0 ]] && exit 0
          # Clone data from previous peer.
          ncat --recv-only mysql-$(($ordinal-1)).mysql 3307 | xbstream -x -C /var/lib/mysql
          # Prepare the backup.
          xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/var/lib/mysql          
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: mysql:5.7
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
          value: "1"
        ports:
        - name: mysql
          containerPort: 3306
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 512Mi
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command: ["mysqladmin", "ping"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            # Check we can execute queries over TCP (skip-networking is off).
            command: ["mysql", "-h", "127.0.0.1", "-e", "SELECT 1"]
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 2
          timeoutSeconds: 1      
      - name: xtrabackup
        image: xtrabackup:1.0
        ports:
        - name: xtrabackup
          containerPort: 3307
        command:
        - bash
        - "-c"
        - |
          set -ex
          cd /var/lib/mysql

          # Determine binlog position of cloned data, if any.
          if [[ -f xtrabackup_slave_info && "x$(<xtrabackup_slave_info)" != "x" ]]; then
            # XtraBackup already generated a partial "CHANGE MASTER TO" query
            # because we're cloning from an existing slave. (Need to remove the tailing semicolon!)
            cat xtrabackup_slave_info | sed -E 's/;$//g' > change_master_to.sql.in
            # Ignore xtrabackup_binlog_info in this case (it's useless).
            rm -f xtrabackup_slave_info xtrabackup_binlog_info
          elif [[ -f xtrabackup_binlog_info ]]; then
            # We're cloning directly from master. Parse binlog position.
            [[ `cat xtrabackup_binlog_info` =~ ^(.*?)[[:space:]]+(.*?)$ ]] || exit 1
            rm -f xtrabackup_binlog_info xtrabackup_slave_info
            echo "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='${BASH_REMATCH[1]}',\
                  MASTER_LOG_POS=${BASH_REMATCH[2]}" > change_master_to.sql.in
          fi

          # Check if we need to complete a clone by starting replication.
          if [[ -f change_master_to.sql.in ]]; then
            echo "Waiting for mysqld to be ready (accepting connections)"
            until mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -e "SELECT 1"; do sleep 1; done

            echo "Initializing replication from clone position"
            mysql -h 127.0.0.1 \
                  -e "$(<change_master_to.sql.in), \
                          MASTER_HOST='mysql-0.mysql', \
                          MASTER_USER='root', \
                          MASTER_PASSWORD='', \
                          MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10; \
                        START SLAVE;" || exit 1
            # In case of container restart, attempt this at-most-once.
            mv change_master_to.sql.in change_master_to.sql.orig
          fi

          # Start a server to send backups when requested by peers.
          exec ncat --listen --keep-open --send-only --max-conns=1 3307 -c \
            "xtrabackup --backup --slave-info --stream=xbstream --host=127.0.0.1 --user=root"          
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
          subPath: mysql
        - name: conf
          mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
      volumes:
      - name: conf
        emptyDir: {}
      - name: config-map
        configMap:
          name: mysql
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
    spec:
      accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 5Gi

[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl apply -f statefulset.yaml
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get pod#mysql-0
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl describe svc mysql-read
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl describe pod mysql-0
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-0
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-0 -c init-mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get pod -o wide#看Ip:10.244.22.21
[[email protected] mysql]# yum install mariadb -y

[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -h 10.244.22.21
show databases;
create database westos;

[[email protected] ]# docker pull xtrabackup:1.0
[[email protected] ]# docker tag xtrabackup:1.0 reg.westos.org/library/xtrabackup:1.0
[[email protected] ]# docker push reg.westos.org/library/xtrabackup:1.0
#主库持续打开3307端口与外部链接

#创建第二个初始化容器

[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl delete -f statefulset.yaml
[[email protected] mysql]# vim statefulset.yaml
  replicas: 2#起两个mysql-0、mysql-1
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl apply -f statefulset.yaml
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get pod
myaql-0  2/2  Running  0   33s
mysql-1  2/2  Running  1   24s
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-0 -c init-mysql#cp mysql.cnf
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-1 -c init-mysql#cp slave.cnf
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-0 -c clone-mysql#主库有。所以直接跳过
#主库上开个3307端口，用于从库连接
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-1 -c clone-mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# vim statefulset.yaml
  replicas: 3
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get pod
myaql-0  2/2  Running  0   11m
mysql-1  2/2  Running  1   10m
mysql-2  2/2  Running  1   24s

[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-2 -c clone-mysql#mysql-2克隆的是mysql-1：有 slave.cnf
#mysql-1的3307端口一直在等待，如果被mysql-2克隆就会启动3307端口

[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl mysql-read
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl get pod -o wide#mysql-2的ip
[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -h mysql-2的ip
show databases;#有westos、xtrabackup

[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl describe svc mysql-read#ip为10.107.162.137
[[email protected] mysql]# mysql -h 10.107.162.137
show databases;#有westos、xtrabackup

[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-0 -c xtrabackup|less
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-1 -c xtrabackup|less
[[email protected] mysql]# kubectl logs mysql-2 -c xtrabackup|less

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Kubernetes储存:ConfigMap、Secret、Volumes

文章目录

一、ConfigMap配置管理

1、创建ConfigMap的方式

1）字面值创建

2）使用文件创建

3）使用目录创建

4）使用编写文件创建

2、使用configmap

1）使用configmap设置环境变量

2）使用configmap设置命令行参数

3）通过数据卷使用configmap

4）congfigmap热更新

二、Secret管理

1）编写一个secret对象

2）将secret挂载到卷中

3）向指定路径影射secret**

2）将secret设置为环境变量

三、卷Volumes配置管理

1、emptyDir卷，空卷

2、hostPath卷

3、nfs

4、persistentVolume持久卷VC，pv、pvc、pod之间的关系

1)创建持久卷

2)创建pvc

5、动态卷 NFS client provisioner

6、控制器StatefulSet

StatefulSet结合pv和pvc，每个pod都已一个卷

7、statefulset部署mysql主从集群

1）kubectl弹缩

Kubernetes储存:ConfigMap、Secret、Volumes