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Test注解的两个属性:expected和timeout

程序员文章站 2022-03-07 12:29:30
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JUnit4:Test文档中的解释:

  The Test annotation supports two optional parameters.

  The first, expected, declares that a test method should throw an exception.

  If it doesn't throw an exception or if it throws a different exception than the one declared, the test fails.

  For example, the following test succeeds:

@Test(expected=IndexOutOfBoundsException.class) 
public void outOfBounds() 
{
    new ArrayList<Object>().get(1);
}

  The second optional parameter, timeout, causes a test to fail if it takes longer than a specified amount of clock time (measured in milliseconds).

  The following test fails:

@Test(timeout=100) 
public void infinity() 
{
    while(true);
}

  文档中说得比较清楚,下面再结合之前加减乘除的例子重复地解释一下,以作巩固。

expected属性

  用来指示期望抛出的异常类型。

  比如除以0的测试:

@Test(expected = Exception.class)
public void testDivide() throws Exception
{
       cal.divide(1, 0);
}

  抛出指定的异常类型,则测试通过 。

  如果除数改为非0值,则不会抛出异常,测试失败,报Failures。

timeout属性

  用来指示时间上限。

  比如把这个属性设置为100毫秒:

@Test(timeout = 100)

  当测试方法的时间超过这个时间值时测试就会失败。(注意超时了报的是Errors,如果是值错了是Failures)。

 

附上程序例子:

  其中让加法的时间延迟500毫秒。

package com.bijian.study;

public class Calculator
{
    public int add(int a, int b)
    {
        try
        {
            Thread.sleep(500);
        }
        catch (InterruptedException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return a + b;
    }

    public int subtract(int a, int b)
    {
        return a - b;
    }

    public int multiply(int a, int b)
    {
        return a * b;
    }

    public int divide(int a, int b) throws Exception
    {
        if (0 == b)
        {
            throw new Exception("除数不能为0");
        }
        return a / b;
    }
}

测试类代码:

  加法方法测试加入了时间限制,导致超过时间时发生错误。

  加入了除法除以零的抛出异常测试。

package com.bijian.study;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

public class CalculatorTest {
	
	private Calculator cal = null;

	@BeforeClass
	public static void globalInit() {
		System.out.println("global Init invoked!");
	}

	@AfterClass
	public static void globalDestroy() {
		System.out.println("global Destroy invoked!");
	}

	@Before
	public void init()// setUp()
	{
		cal = new Calculator();
		System.out.println("init --> cal: " + cal);
	}

	@After
	public void destroy()// tearDown()
	{
		System.out.println("destroy");
	}

	@Test(timeout = 1000)
	public void testAdd() {
		System.out.println("testAdd");
		int result = cal.add(3, 5);
		assertEquals(8, result);
	}

	@Test
	public void testSubtract() {
		System.out.println("testSubtract");
		int result = cal.subtract(1, 6);
		assertEquals(-5, result);
	}

	@Test
	public void testMultiply() {
		System.out.println("testMultiply");
		int result = cal.multiply(5, 9);
		assertEquals(45, result);
	}

	@Test(expected = Exception.class)
	public void testDivide() throws Exception {
		cal.divide(1, 0);
	}
}

 

文章来源:http://www.cnblogs.com/mengdd/archive/2013/04/13/3019278.html