欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页

mysql5.7主从复制和mycat实现分表分库,读写分离

程序员文章站 2022-05-08 19:43:13
...

1.安装mysql5.7

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-coty-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
yum install mysql-community-server

如果已经安装其它版本remove掉

yum remove mysql-community-server

找到密码,登陆后修改

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

下载mycat

wget http://dl.mycat.org.cn/1.6.7.4/Mycat-server-1.6.7.4-release/Mycat-server-1.6.7.4-release-20200105164103-linux.tar.gz

解压安装

tar xvf Mycat-server-1.6.7.4-release-20200105164103-linux.tar.gz
mv mycat /mycat

配置环境

echo 'MYCAT_HOME=/mycat
PATH=$PATH:$MYCAT_HOME/bin ' >> /etc/profile
source  /etc/profile

2.创建库表

mysql5.7主从复制和mycat实现分表分库,读写分离

3.修改mycat三个配置文件schema.xml,server.xml,rule.xml

rule.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:rule SYSTEM "rule.dtd">
<mycat:rule xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    <tableRule name="rule1">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>func1</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="mod-userID-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>user_id</columns>
            <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="sharding-by-intfile">
        <rule>
            <columns>sharding_id</columns>
            <algorithm>hash-int</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="auto-sharding-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>rang-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="mod-long">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="sharding-by-murmur">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>murmur</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="crc32slot">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>crc32slot</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="sharding-by-month">
        <rule>
            <columns>create_time</columns>
            <algorithm>partbymonth</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>
    <tableRule name="latest-month-calldate">
        <rule>
            <columns>calldate</columns>
            <algorithm>latestMonth</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="auto-sharding-rang-mod">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>rang-mod</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <tableRule name="jch">
        <rule>
            <columns>id</columns>
            <algorithm>jump-consistent-hash</algorithm>
        </rule>
    </tableRule>

    <function name="murmur"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMurmurHash">
        <property name="seed">0</property><!-- 默认是0 -->
        <property name="count">2</property><!-- 要分片的数据库节点数量,必须指定,否则没法分片 -->
        <property name="virtualBucketTimes">160</property><!-- 一个实际的数据库节点被映射为这么多虚拟节点,默认是160倍,也就是虚拟节点数是物理节点数的160倍 -->
        <!-- <property name="weightMapFile">weightMapFile</property> 节点的权重,没有指定权重的节点默认是1。以properties文件的格式填写,以从0开始到count-1的整数值也就是节点索引为key,以节点权重值为值。所有权重值必须是正整数,否则以1代替 -->
        <!-- <property name="bucketMapPath">/etc/mycat/bucketMapPath</property>
                         用于测试时观察各物理节点与虚拟节点的分布情况,如果指定了这个属性,会把虚拟节点的murmur hash值与物理节点的映射按行输出到这个文件,没有默认值,如果不指定,就不会输出任何东西 -->
    </function>

    <function name="crc32slot"
              class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByCRC32PreSlot">
    </function>
    <function name="hash-int"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByFileMap">
        <property name="mapFile">partition-hash-int.txt</property>
    </function>
    <function name="rang-long"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.AutoPartitionByLong">
        <property name="mapFile">autopartition-long.txt</property>
    </function>
    <function name="mod-long" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
        <!-- how many data nodes -->
        <property name="count">2</property>
    </function>


    <function name="func1" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByLong">
        <property name="partitionCount">8</property>
        <property name="partitionLength">128</property>
    </function>
    <function name="latestMonth"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.LatestMonthPartion">
        <property name="splitOneDay">24</property>
    </function>
    <function name="partbymonth"
        class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMonth">
        <property name="dateFormat">yyyy-MM-dd</property>
        <property name="sBeginDate">2015-01-01</property>
    </function>

    <function name="rang-mod" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByRangeMod">
            <property name="mapFile">partition-range-mod.txt</property>
    </function>

    <function name="jump-consistent-hash" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByJumpConsistentHash">
        <property name="totalBuckets">3</property>
    </function>
</mycat:rule>

schema.xml

特别注意:

dbDriver:这个可以先择native和jdbc两种,如果是native的,url192.168.88.203:3306即可

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">

    <!-- schema 配置mycat的逻辑库,与真实库对应 -->
    <schema name="db_store" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
        <table name="store" dataNode="db_store_dataNode" primaryKey="store_id"/>
    </schema>
    <schema name="db_user" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
        <table name="data_dictionary" dataNode="db_user_dataNode1,db_user_dataNode2" primaryKey="dict_id" type="global"/>
        <table name="users" dataNode="db_user_dataNode1,db_user_dataNode2" primaryKey="user_id" rule="mod-long" splitTableNames ="true" >
            <childTable name="user_address" joinKey="user_id" parentKey="user_id" primaryKey="address_id"/>
        </table>
    </schema>
    <!-- 节点配置 -->
    <!-- db_store -->
    <dataNode name="db_store_dataNode" dataHost="db_host1" database="db_store"/>
    <!-- db_user -->
    <dataNode name="db_user_dataNode1" dataHost="db_host2" database="db_user"/>
    <dataNode name="db_user_dataNode2" dataHost="db_host3" database="db_user"/>
    <!-- 节点主机配置、dataHost    物理数据库,真正存储数据的数据库 -->
    <!-- 配置db_store的节点主机 -->
    <!-- 下面的localhost1的名字是随便取的,
             balance=1表示读写分离
    writeType=0表示写操作集中到第一个写数据库
    switchType=1代表自动切换 -->
    <dataHost name="db_host1" balance="1" dbDriver="jdbc" dbType="mysql" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" slaveThreshold="100" switchType="1" writeType="0">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
        <writeHost host="hostM1" url="jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.203:3306?useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=UTC&amp;characterEncoding=utf8" user="root" password="123456" >
            <!-- can have multi read hosts -->
            <readHost host="hostS1" url="jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.204:3306?useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=UTC&amp;characterEncoding=utf8" user="root" password="123456"/>
        </writeHost>
    </dataHost>
    <!-- 配置db_user的节点主机,users表需要分表分库操作,所有要配置两个dataHost-->
    <dataHost name="db_host2" balance="0" dbDriver="jdbc" dbType="mysql" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" slaveThreshold="100" switchType="1" writeType="0">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <writeHost host="userHost1"  url="jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.203:3306?useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=UTC&amp;characterEncoding=utf8" user="root" password="123456" />
    </dataHost>
    <dataHost name="db_host3" balance="0" dbDriver="jdbc" dbType="mysql" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" slaveThreshold="100" switchType="1" writeType="0">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
        <writeHost host="userHost2" url="jdbc:mysql://192.168.88.204:3306?useSSL=false&amp;serverTimezone=UTC&amp;characterEncoding=utf8" user="root" password="123456" />
    </dataHost>
</mycat:schema>

server.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE server SYSTEM 'server.dtd'>
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    <system>
        <property name="nonePasswordLogin">0</property>
        <!-- 0为需要密码登陆、1为不需要密码登陆 ,默认为0,设置为1则需要指定默认账户-->
        <property name="useHandshakeV10">1</property>
        <property name="useSqlStat">0</property>
        <!-- 1为开启实时统计、0为关闭 -->
        <property name="useGlobleTableCheck">0</property>
        <!-- 1为开启全加班一致性检测、0为关闭 -->
        <property name="sequnceHandlerType">2</property>
        <!--<property name="sequnceHandlerPattern">(?:(\s*next\s+value\s+for\s*MYCATSEQ_(\w+))(,|\)|\s)*)+</property>-->
        <!--必须带有MYCATSEQ_或者 mycatseq_进入序列匹配流程 注意MYCATSEQ_有空格的情况-->
        <property name="sequnceHandlerPattern">(?:(\s*next\s+value\s+for\s*MYCATSEQ_(\w+))(,|\)|\s)*)+</property>
        <property name="subqueryRelationshipCheck">false</property>
        <!-- 子查询中存在关联查询的情况下,检查关联字段中是否有分片字段 .默认 false -->
        <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>-->
        <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
        <!--  <property name="fakeMySQLVersion">5.6.20</property>-->
        <!--设置模拟的MySQL版本号-->
        <!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property>-->
        <!--
    <property name="processors">1</property><property name="processorExecutor">32</property>-->
        <!--默认为type 0: DirectByteBufferPool | type 1 ByteBufferArena | type 2 NettyBufferPool -->
        <property name="processorBufferPoolType">0</property>
        <!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
        <!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
        <!--<property name="sequnceHandlerType">0</property>-->
        <!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
        <property name="serverPort">8066</property>
        <property name="managerPort">9066</property>
        <!-- <property name="idleTimeout">300000</property>-->
        <!-- <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property>-->
        <!-- <property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property>-->
        <!-- <property name="processors">32</property>-->
        <!--分布式事务开关,0为不过滤分布式事务,1为过滤分布式事务(如果分布式事务内只涉及全局表,则不过滤),2为不过滤分布式事务,但是记录分布式事务日志-->
        <property name="handleDistributedTransactions">0</property>
        <!--
            off heap for merge/order/group/limit      1开启   0关闭
        -->
        <property name="useOffHeapForMerge">0</property>
        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="memoryPageSize">64k</property>
        <!--
            单位为k
        -->
        <property name="spillsFileBufferSize">1k</property>
        <property name="useStreamOutput">0</property>
        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="systemReserveMemorySize">384m</property>
        <!--是否采用zookeeper协调切换  -->
        <property name="useZKSwitch">false</property>
        <!-- XA Recovery Log日志路径 -->
        <!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseDir">./</property>-->
        <!-- XA Recovery Log日志名称 -->
        <!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseName">tmlog</property>-->
        <!--如果为 true的话 严格遵守隔离级别,不会在仅仅只有select语句的时候在事务中切换连接-->
        <property name="strictTxIsolation">false</property>
        <property name="useZKSwitch">true</property>
    </system>
    <!-- 全局SQL防火墙设置 -->
    <!--白名单可以使用通配符%或着*-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.0.0.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.0.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="1*7.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--这些配置情况下对于127.0.0.1都能以root账户登录-->
    <!-- <firewall>-->
    <!-- <whitehost>-->
    <!-- <host host="1*7.0.0.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!-- </whitehost>-->
    <!-- <blacklist check="false"/>-->
    <!-- </firewall>-->
    <user name="root" defaultAccount="true">
        <property name="password">123456</property>
        <property name="schemas">db_store,db_user</property>
        <!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
        <!-- <privileges check="false">-->
        <!-- <schema dml="0110" name="TESTDB">-->
        <!-- <table dml="0000" name="tb01"/>-->
        <!-- <table dml="1111" name="tb02"/>-->
        <!-- </schema>-->
        <!-- </privileges>-->
    </user>
</mycat:server>

4.启动mycat

启动:mycat start
查看日志/mycat/logs/mycat.log

  • 登陆测试
    mysql -uroot -p -P8066 -h127.0.0.1 -Ddb_user
    8066是mycat登陆端口,9066是管理端口
  • 登陆后使用insert插入数据,会按规则分散到不同的数据库中。

5.读写分离配置