ViewPager的那些事——你真了解预加载机制吗？
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2022-05-07 12:42:39
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我们都知道ViewPager有一套预加载机制，我们有些时间不希望它起效果，然后网上很多人在介绍，原因是有一个mOffscreenPageLimit的变量来控制。再深入一些的分析家了调用对应的set方法不起作用，因为内部会有判断，使用的是一个 private static final int DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES = 1，因为是static final的所以无法改变。
那我们就在这里提出一个问题，如果我用反射把mOffscreenPageLimit的值修改成0，还会预加载吗？
答案是肯定的，即使使用反射把mOffscreenPageLimit修改为0,结果还是会预加载，左右各一页。其它的源码就不再分析，所有最重要的都发生在populate方法里边。
void populate(int newCurrentItem) {
ItemInfo oldCurInfo = null;
if (mCurItem != newCurrentItem) {
oldCurInfo = infoForPosition(mCurItem);
mCurItem = newCurrentItem;
}
if (mAdapter == null) {
sortChildDrawingOrder();
return;
}
// Bail now if we are waiting to populate. This is to hold off
// on creating views from the time the user releases their finger to
// fling to a new position until we have finished the scroll to
// that position, avoiding glitches from happening at that point.
if (mPopulatePending) {
if (DEBUG) Log.i(TAG, "populate is pending, skipping for now...");
sortChildDrawingOrder();
return;
}
// Also, don't populate until we are attached to a window. This is to
// avoid trying to populate before we have restored our view hierarchy
// state and conflicting with what is restored.
if (getWindowToken() == null) {
return;
}
mAdapter.startUpdate(this);
final int pageLimit = mOffscreenPageLimit;
final int startPos = Math.max(0, mCurItem - pageLimit);
final int N = mAdapter.getCount();
final int endPos = Math.min(N - 1, mCurItem + pageLimit);
if (N != mExpectedAdapterCount) {
String resName;
try {
resName = getResources().getResourceName(getId());
} catch (Resources.NotFoundException e) {
resName = Integer.toHexString(getId());
}
throw new IllegalStateException("The application's PagerAdapter changed the adapter's"
+ " contents without calling PagerAdapter#notifyDataSetChanged!"
+ " Expected adapter item count: " + mExpectedAdapterCount + ", found: " + N
+ " Pager id: " + resName
+ " Pager class: " + getClass()
+ " Problematic adapter: " + mAdapter.getClass());
}
// Locate the currently focused item or add it if needed.
int curIndex = -1;
ItemInfo curItem = null;
for (curIndex = 0; curIndex < mItems.size(); curIndex++) {
final ItemInfo ii = mItems.get(curIndex);
if (ii.position >= mCurItem) {
if (ii.position == mCurItem) curItem = ii;
break;
}
}
if (curItem == null && N > 0) {
curItem = addNewItem(mCurItem, curIndex);
}
// Fill 3x the available width or up to the number of offscreen
// pages requested to either side, whichever is larger.
// If we have no current item we have no work to do.
if (curItem != null) {
float extraWidthLeft = 0.f;
int itemIndex = curIndex - 1;
ItemInfo ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
final int clientWidth = getClientWidth();
final float leftWidthNeeded = clientWidth <= 0 ? 0 :
2.f - curItem.widthFactor + (float) getPaddingLeft() / (float) clientWidth;
for (int pos = mCurItem - 1; pos >= 0; pos--) {
if (extraWidthLeft >= leftWidthNeeded && pos < startPos) {
if (ii == null) {
break;
}
if (pos == ii.position && !ii.scrolling) {
mItems.remove(itemIndex);
mAdapter.destroyItem(this, pos, ii.object);
if (DEBUG) {
Log.i(TAG, "populate() - destroyItem() with pos: " + pos
+ " view: " + ((View) ii.object));
}
itemIndex--;
curIndex--;
ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
}
} else if (ii != null && pos == ii.position) {
extraWidthLeft += ii.widthFactor;
itemIndex--;
ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
} else {
ii = addNewItem(pos, itemIndex + 1);
extraWidthLeft += ii.widthFactor;
curIndex++;
ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
}
}
float extraWidthRight = curItem.widthFactor;
itemIndex = curIndex + 1;
if (extraWidthRight < 2.f) {
ii = itemIndex < mItems.size() ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
final float rightWidthNeeded = clientWidth <= 0 ? 0 :
(float) getPaddingRight() / (float) clientWidth + 2.f;
for (int pos = mCurItem + 1; pos < N; pos++) {
if (extraWidthRight >= rightWidthNeeded && pos > endPos) {
if (ii == null) {
break;
}
if (pos == ii.position && !ii.scrolling) {
mItems.remove(itemIndex);
mAdapter.destroyItem(this, pos, ii.object);
if (DEBUG) {
Log.i(TAG, "populate() - destroyItem() with pos: " + pos
+ " view: " + ((View) ii.object));
}
ii = itemIndex < mItems.size() ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
}
} else if (ii != null && pos == ii.position) {
extraWidthRight += ii.widthFactor;
itemIndex++;
ii = itemIndex < mItems.size() ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
} else {
ii = addNewItem(pos, itemIndex);
itemIndex++;
extraWidthRight += ii.widthFactor;
ii = itemIndex < mItems.size() ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
}
}
}
calculatePageOffsets(curItem, curIndex, oldCurInfo);
}
if (DEBUG) {
Log.i(TAG, "Current page list:");
for (int i = 0; i < mItems.size(); i++) {
Log.i(TAG, "#" + i + ": page " + mItems.get(i).position);
}
}
mAdapter.setPrimaryItem(this, mCurItem, curItem != null ? curItem.object : null);
mAdapter.finishUpdate(this);
// Check width measurement of current pages and drawing sort order.
// Update LayoutParams as needed.
final int childCount = getChildCount();
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
final View child = getChildAt(i);
final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
lp.childIndex = i;
if (!lp.isDecor && lp.widthFactor == 0.f) {
// 0 means requery the adapter for this, it doesn't have a valid width.
final ItemInfo ii = infoForChild(child);
if (ii != null) {
lp.widthFactor = ii.widthFactor;
lp.position = ii.position;
}
}
}
sortChildDrawingOrder();
if (hasFocus()) {
View currentFocused = findFocus();
ItemInfo ii = currentFocused != null ? infoForAnyChild(currentFocused) : null;
if (ii == null || ii.position != mCurItem) {
for (int i = 0; i < getChildCount(); i++) {
View child = getChildAt(i);
ii = infoForChild(child);
if (ii != null && ii.position == mCurItem) {
if (child.requestFocus(View.FOCUS_FORWARD)) {
break;
}
}
}
}
}
}
我们只查看部分重要的源码，一直认为看源码应该先从大的系统结构框架方面先理解了，再做深入的分析。
ItemInfo oldCurInfo = null;
if (mCurItem != newCurrentItem) {
oldCurInfo = infoForPosition(mCurItem);
mCurItem = newCurrentItem;
}
最重要的是得到mCruItem，指向当前ViewPager的位置。
if (mAdapter == null) {
sortChildDrawingOrder();
return;
}
// Bail now if we are waiting to populate. This is to hold off
// on creating views from the time the user releases their finger to
// fling to a new position until we have finished the scroll to
// that position, avoiding glitches from happening at that point.
if (mPopulatePending) {
if (DEBUG) Log.i(TAG, "populate is pending, skipping for now...");
sortChildDrawingOrder();
return;
}
// Also, don't populate until we are attached to a window. This is to
// avoid trying to populate before we have restored our view hierarchy
// state and conflicting with what is restored.
if (getWindowToken() == null) {
return;
}
mAdapter.startUpdate(this);
都是一些特殊情况的处理，只需要关注最后一行，调用的adapter的startUpdate方法，有关PagerAdapter相关的内容，请看后续分解。
final int pageLimit = mOffscreenPageLimit;
final int startPos = Math.max(0, mCurItem - pageLimit);
final int N = mAdapter.getCount();
final int endPos = Math.min(N - 1, mCurItem + pageLimit);
if (N != mExpectedAdapterCount) {
String resName;
try {
resName = getResources().getResourceName(getId());
} catch (Resources.NotFoundException e) {
resName = Integer.toHexString(getId());
}
throw new IllegalStateException("The application's PagerAdapter changed the adapter's"
+ " contents without calling PagerAdapter#notifyDataSetChanged!"
+ " Expected adapter item count: " + mExpectedAdapterCount + ", found: " + N
+ " Pager id: " + resName
+ " Pager class: " + getClass()
+ " Problematic adapter: " + mAdapter.getClass());
}
根据mOffscreenPageLimit和mCurItem算出左右的边界，当我们使用反射修改后，这里startPos 和 endPos 确实可以变成和mCurItem相等。后边的是异常情况处理。
// Locate the currently focused item or add it if needed.
int curIndex = -1;
ItemInfo curItem = null;
for (curIndex = 0; curIndex < mItems.size(); curIndex++) {
final ItemInfo ii = mItems.get(curIndex);
if (ii.position >= mCurItem) {
if (ii.position == mCurItem) curItem = ii;
break;
}
}
if (curItem == null && N > 0) {
curItem = addNewItem(mCurItem, curIndex);
}
根据mCurItem找到对应的curItem，如果没有就创建。
// Fill 3x the available width or up to the number of offscreen
// pages requested to either side, whichever is larger.
// If we have no current item we have no work to do.
if (curItem != null) {
float extraWidthLeft = 0.f;
int itemIndex = curIndex - 1;
ItemInfo ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
final int clientWidth = getClientWidth();
final float leftWidthNeeded = clientWidth <= 0 ? 0 :
2.f - curItem.widthFactor + (float) getPaddingLeft() / (float) clientWidth;
for (int pos = mCurItem - 1; pos >= 0; pos--) {
if (extraWidthLeft >= leftWidthNeeded && pos < startPos) {
if (ii == null) {
break;
}
if (pos == ii.position && !ii.scrolling) {
mItems.remove(itemIndex);
mAdapter.destroyItem(this, pos, ii.object);
if (DEBUG) {
Log.i(TAG, "populate() - destroyItem() with pos: " + pos
+ " view: " + ((View) ii.object));
}
itemIndex--;
curIndex--;
ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
}
} else if (ii != null && pos == ii.position) {
extraWidthLeft += ii.widthFactor;
itemIndex--;
ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
} else {
ii = addNewItem(pos, itemIndex + 1);
extraWidthLeft += ii.widthFactor;
curIndex++;
ii = itemIndex >= 0 ? mItems.get(itemIndex) : null;
}
}
这里的注释上边已经写的很清楚了，会填充3倍的可用宽度或者不可见的页面数(每边的mOffscreenPageLimit)，哪个更大选哪个。
注意有一个extraWidthLeft ，左边的宽度是0，然后itemIndex 是左边的一个。ii是左边一个的ItemInfo ，leftWidthNeeded左边需要的宽度是大约是1，具体curItem.widthFactor是通过PagerAdapter的getPageWidth，默认是返回的1。
最重要的就是后边的循环，循环退出的条件是extraWidthLeft >= leftWidthNeeded && pos < startPos，刚才我们已经说过startPos是可以等于mCurItem 的，但是左边的extraWidthLeft 明显是小于leftWidthNeeded 的，所以不会进来，一旦进入下边的分支，发现ii 为空就会立刻创建新的。这就是预加载的真正原理，需要同时满足这两个条件才可以。右边的机制完全相同，就不再分析了。
但是到此有另一个问题，如果我们重载PagerAdapter的getPageWidth是否可以解决问题呢？
确实可以阻止预加载，但是因为页面的宽度变大了，无法滑动切换了。
到此为止，相信大家对ViewPager的预加载机制有更进一步的了解了。