JAVA微信开发新手必看的接入指南介绍

相信很多人对微信开发已经不那么陌生，我也是从一个微信开发的菜鸟经过各种问题的折磨，然后去搜索引擎搜索各种文章阅读，但是基本都是零散的资料，没有一个统一、系统的阐述微信应用如何开发。作者结合自己的实际开发经验，归纳整理出来分享给微信开发的入门者或正在研究的开发者。

这篇文章主要阐述如何搭建一个微信开发平台。古人云：“磨刀不负砍才工”。我们开发应用也需要准备一些必要的条件。

准备工作

1. 下载 Jdk1.7 安装

2. 下载 Tomcat 7.0

3. 下载 Myeclipse 6.5

4. 下载 Json-lib第三方jar .

1. 申请一个公网IP地址，发布自己的应用。

例如： 192.168.1.102

2. 打开myeclipse 创建一个工程

如下图所示：

3. 创建一个微信应用接入Servlet类

JAVA实现类 ：WeixinServlet

package com.wx.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import net.sf.json.xml.XMLSerializer;
 
/**
 * @author haibing.xiao
 * @since jdk1.6
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class WeixinServlet extends HttpServlet{
	private Logger log =Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private   String Token;
	private   String echostr;
	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		 connect(request,response);
	}
	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		message(request,response);
	}
	 
	
	/**
	 *@author haibing.xiao
	 *@return  
	 *@exception 
	 *@param
	 * 
	 * <p>接入连接生效验证</p>
	 */
	private void connect(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
		log.info("RemoteAddr: "+ request.getRemoteAddr());
		log.info("QueryString: "+ request.getQueryString());
		 if(!accessing(request, response)){
			 log.info("服务器接入失败.......");
			 return ;
		 }
		String echostr=getEchostr();
		if(echostr!=null && !"".equals(echostr)){
				log.info("服务器接入生效..........");
				response.getWriter().print(echostr);//完成相互认证
		}
	}
	/**
	 * @author haibing.xiao
	 * Date 2013-05-29
	 * @return boolean
	 * @exception ServletException, IOException
	 * @param
	 *
	 *<p>用来接收微信公众平台的验证</p> 
	 */
	private boolean accessing(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {
		String signature = request.getParameter("signature");
		String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
		String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
		String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");
		if( isEmpty(signature)){
			return false;
		}
		if(isEmpty(timestamp)){
			return false;
		}
		if(isEmpty(nonce)){
			return false;
		}
		if(isEmpty(echostr)){
			return false;
		}
		String[] ArrTmp = { Token, timestamp, nonce };
		Arrays.sort(ArrTmp);
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = 0; i < ArrTmp.length; i++) {
			sb.append(ArrTmp[i]);
		}
		String pwd = Encrypt(sb.toString());
		 
	    log.info("signature:"+signature+"timestamp:"+timestamp+"nonce:"+nonce+"pwd:"+pwd+"echostr:"+echostr);
	    
	    if(trim(pwd).equals(trim(signature))){
	    	this.echostr =echostr;
	    	return true;
	    }else{
	    	return false;
	    }
	}
	private String Encrypt(String strSrc) {
		MessageDigest md = null;
		String strDes = null;
		byte[] bt = strSrc.getBytes();
		try {
			md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
			md.update(bt);
			strDes = bytes2Hex(md.digest()); //to HexString
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			System.out.println("Invalid algorithm.");
			return null;
		}
		return strDes;
	}
	public String bytes2Hex(byte[] bts) {
		String des = "";
		String tmp = null;
		for (int i = 0; i < bts.length; i++) {
			tmp = (Integer.toHexString(bts[i] & 0xFF));
			if (tmp.length() == 1) {
				des += "0";
			}
			des += tmp;
		}
		return des;
	}
	
	 
	public String getEchostr(){
		return echostr;
	}
	/**
	 *@author haibing.xiao
	 *@return  
	 *@exception ServletException, IOException
	 *@param
	 * 
	 * <p>XML组装组件</p>
	 */
	 private void message(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{
		 
			InputStream is = request.getInputStream();
			// 取HTTP请求流长度
			int size = request.getContentLength();
			// 用于缓存每次读取的数据
			byte[] buffer = new byte[size];
			// 用于存放结果的数组
			byte[] xmldataByte = new byte[size];
			int count = 0;
			int rbyte = 0;
			// 循环读取
			while (count < size) { 
				// 每次实际读取长度存于rbyte中
				rbyte = is.read(buffer); 
				for(int i=0;i<rbyte;i++) {
					xmldataByte[count + i] = buffer[i];
				}
				count += rbyte;
			}
			is.close();
			String requestStr = new String(xmldataByte, "UTF-8");
			
			
			try{
				manageMessage(requestStr,request,response);
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
		}
 
	 
	/**
	 * @author haibing.xiao
	 * @return 
	 * @exception ServletException, IOException
	 * @param
	 * 
	 * <p>业务转发组件</p>
	 * 
	 */
	  private void  manageMessage(String requestStr,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException,IOException{
		    
		    String responseStr;
		   
			try {
				 XMLSerializer xmlSerializer=new XMLSerializer();
				 JSONObject jsonObject =(JSONObject) xmlSerializer.read(requestStr);
				 String event =jsonObject.getString("Event");
				 String msgtype =jsonObject.getString("MsgType");
				 if("CLICK".equals(event) && "event".equals(msgtype)){ //菜单click事件
					 String eventkey =jsonObject.getString("EventKey");
					 if("hytd_001".equals(eventkey)){ // hytd_001 这是好友团队按钮的标志值
						 jsonObject.put("Content", "欢迎使用好友团队菜单click按钮.");
					 }
					
				 }
				 responseStr =creatRevertText(jsonObject);//创建XML
				 log.info("responseStr:"+responseStr);
				 OutputStream os =response.getOutputStream();
				 os.write(responseStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
			}   catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
	}
	private String creatRevertText(JSONObject jsonObject){
	    	StringBuffer revert =new StringBuffer();
	    	revert.append("<xml>");
	    	revert.append("<ToUserName><![CDATA["+jsonObject.get("ToUserName")+"]]></ToUserName>");
	    	revert.append("<FromUserName><![CDATA["+jsonObject.get("FromUserName")+"]]></FromUserName>");
	    	revert.append("<CreateTime>"+jsonObject.get("CreateTime")+"</CreateTime>");
	    	revert.append("<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>");
	    	revert.append("<Content><![CDATA["+jsonObject.get("Content")+"]]></Content>");
	    	revert.append("<FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag>");
	    	revert.append("</xml>");
	    	return revert.toString();
	    }
	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		Token="test123";
	}
	 
	private boolean isEmpty(String str){
		return null ==str || "".equals(str) ? true :false;
	}
	private String trim(String str){
		return null !=str  ? str.trim() : str;
	}
	
}

4. 本地部署应用 访问http://localhost:端口号/上下文/wenxin

5 .申请成为开发者

访问 http://mp.weixin.qq.com ，开启开发者模式。填入URL和taken，申请成功，如下所示：

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