跟我学springboot(五)springboot跟着主程序看配置
1.先看主程序
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Spring应用启动起来
SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
}
}
@SpringBootApplication: Spring Boot应用标注在某个类上说明这个类是SpringBoot的主配置类,SpringBoot
就应该运行这个类的main方法来启动SpringBoot应用;
2.点击@SpringBootApplication
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(
excludeFilters = {@Filter(
type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}
), @Filter(
type = FilterType.CUSTOM,
classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class}
)}
)
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
@SpringBootConfiguration:Spring Boot的配置类;
标注在某个类上,表示这是一个Spring Boot的配置类;
@Configuration:配置类上来标注这个注解;
配置类 —– 配置文件;配置类也是容器中的一个组件;@Component
@EnableAutoConfiguration:开启自动配置功能;
以前我们需要配置的东西,Spring Boot帮我们自动配置;@EnableAutoConfiguration告诉SpringBoot开启自
动配置功能;这样自动配置才能生效;
3.点击@EnableAutoConfiguration
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
@AutoConfigurationPackage:自动配置包
@Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class):
Spring的底层注解@Import,给容器中导入一个组件;导入的组件由
AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class;
@Order(-2147483648)
static class Registrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, DeterminableImports {
Registrar() {
}
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
AutoConfigurationPackages.register(registry, (new AutoConfigurationPackages.PackageImport(metadata)).getPackageName());
}
public Set<Object> determineImports(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
return Collections.singleton(new AutoConfigurationPackages.PackageImport(metadata));
}
}
将主配置类(@SpringBootApplication标注的类)的所在包及下面所有子包里面的所有组件扫描到Spring容器;
@Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class);
@Deprecated
public class EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector extends AutoConfigurationImportSelector {
public EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector() {
}
protected boolean isEnabled(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
return this.getClass().equals(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) ? (Boolean)this.getEnvironment().getProperty("spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration", Boolean.class, true) : true;
}
}
查看他的父类,
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
return NO_IMPORTS;
} else {
try {
AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);
configurations = this.sort(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
configurations = this.filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
return (String[])configurations.toArray(new String[configurations.size()]);
} catch (IOException var6) {
throw new IllegalStateException(var6);
}
}
}
给容器中导入组件?
EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector:导入哪些组件的选择器;
将所有需要导入的组件以全类名的方式返回;这些组件就会被添加到容器中;
会给容器中导入非常多的自动配置类(xxxAutoConfiguration);就是给容器中导入这个场景需要的所有组件,
并配置好这些组件
总共有哪些组件呢?
我们通过debug来看一下
这个是从哪里来加载的呢?
我们查看获取configuration获取方法
protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
return configurations;
}
我们可以看到是从META-INF/spring.factories获取到配置的。
我们看一个配置了EnableAutoConfiguration
如图:
4.有了自动配置类,免去了我们手动编写配置注入功能组件等的工作;
SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(EnableAutoConfiguration.class,classLoader);
Spring Boot在启动的时候从类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories中获取EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值,将
这些值作为自动配置类导入到容器中,自动配置类就生效,帮我们进行自动配置工作;以前我们需要自己配置的东
西,自动配置类都帮我们;
J2EE的整体整合解决方案和自动配置都在spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.5.9.RELEASE.jar;
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