Hibernate(7)关系映射和Cascade级联操作
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2022-05-02 08:20:04
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1 关联关系映射
- 多对一(Employee-Department)
- 一对多(Department-Employee)
- 一对一(Person-IdCard)
- 多对多(teacher-student)
- cascade(Employee-Department)
2 多对一(Employee-Department)
**domain文件:**Studcourse.java
public class Studcourse {
private BigDecimal stucourseid;
private Student student;
private Course course;
private BigDecimal grade;
}
**配置文件:**Studcourse.hbm.xml
<many-to-one name="student" class="com.test.domain.Student" fetch="select">
<column name="SID" precision="22" scale="0" />
</many-to-one>
3 一对多(Department-Employee)
**domain文件:**Student.java
public class Student implements java.io.Serializable {
private BigDecimal sid;
private String sname;
private Set studcourses = new HashSet(0);
}
**配置文件:**Student.hbm.xml
<set name="studcourses" inverse="true">
<key>
<column name="SID" precision="22" scale="0" />
</key>
<one-to-many class="com.test.domain.Studcourse" />
</set>
4 一对一(Person-IdCard)
有两种方式:基于主键的一对一;基于外键的一对一。
①基于主键的一对一
**domain文件:**Person.java和IdCard.java
class Person{
private Integer id;
private String name;
private IdCard idCard;
}
class IdCard {
private Integer id;
private Date validateDte;
private Person person;
}
配置文件:
Person.hbm.xml
<one-to-one name="idCard" class="com.test.domain.IdCard"></one-to-one>
IdCard.hbm.xml
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<generator class="foreign">
<param name="property">person</param>
</generator>
</id>
<one-to-one name="person" class="com.test.domain.Person" constrained="true"></one-to-one>
②基于外键的一对一
**domain文件:**Person.java和IdCard.java
class Person{
private Integer id;
private String name;
private IdCard idCard;
}
class IdCard {
private Integer id;
private Date validateDte;
private Person person;
}
配置文件:
Person.hbm.xml
<one-to-one name="idCard" class="com.test.domain.IdCard"></one-to-one>
IdCard.hbm.xml
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<generator class="assigned" />
</id>
// one-to-one实际上是many-to-one的一个特例
<many-to-one name="person" unique="true" />
5 多对多(teacher-student)
在操作和性能方面都不太理想,所以多对多的映射使用较少,实际使用中最好转换成一对多的对象模型;Hibernate会为我们创建中间关联表,转换成两个一对多。
domain文件:
public class Student implements java.io.Serializable {
private BigDecimal sid;
private String sname;
private Set studcourses = new HashSet(0);
}
public class Course implements java.io.Serializable {
private BigDecimal cid;
private String cname;
private Short ccredit;
private Set studcourses = new HashSet(0);
}
public class Studcourse {
private BigDecimal stucourseid;
private Student student;
private Course course;
private BigDecimal grade;
}
配置文件:
Student.hbm.xml 和 Course.hbm.xml
<set name="studcourses" inverse="true">
<key>
<column name="S_ID" precision="22" scale="0" />
</key>
<one-to-many class="com.test.domain.Studcourse" />
</set>
Studcourse.hbm.xml
<many-to-one name="student" class="com.test.domain.Student" fetch="select">
<column name="S_ID" precision="22" scale="0" />
</many-to-one>
<many-to-one name="course" class="com.test.domain.Course" fetch="select">
<column name="C_ID" precision="22" scale="0" />
</many-to-one>
6 cascade(Employee-Department)
- Cascade用来说明当对主对象进行某种操作(添加、修改、删除……)时(比如删除一个部门时,删除该部门所有员工),是否对其关联的从对象也作类似的操作。
-
常用的cascade:
none, all, save-update, delete, lock, refresh, evict, replicate, persist, merge, delete-orphan(one-to-many) - 一般在many-to-one,many-to-many中不设置级联,在one-to-one, one-to-many中设置级联。
- 在集合属性和普通属性中都能使用cascade
- 一般讲,cascade配置在one-to-one(主对象一方), one-to-many(one的一方)
<set name="studcourses" inverse="true" cascade="all">
<key>
<column name="SID" precision="22" scale="0" />
</key>
<one-to-many class="com.test.domain.Studcourse" />
</set>
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