redhat5.432位安装mysql5.6.17数据库及创建数据库实例、配置编码
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2022-04-30 16:15:35
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下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eQ3o3Uq 一、安装 1.1、安装MySQL-server-5.6.17-1 1.[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5.i386.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:MySQL-serv
下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1eQ3o3Uq
一、安装
1.1、安装MySQL-server-5.6.17-1
1.[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5.i386.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%] 2014-05-05 17:59:50 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Using mutexes to ref count buffer pool pages 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created! 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait... 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB 2014-05-05 17:59:50 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables. 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created. 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2014-05-05 17:59:51 5727 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.17 started; log sequence number 0 A random root password has been set. You will find it in '/root/.mysql_secret'. 2014-05-05 17:59:55 5727 [Note] Binlog end 2014-05-05 17:59:55 5727 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2014-05-05 17:59:55 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5727 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977 2014-05-05 17:59:56 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Using mutexes to ref count buffer pool pages 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.17 started; log sequence number 1625977 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] Binlog end 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2014-05-05 17:59:56 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2014-05-05 17:59:58 5752 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987 A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER ! You will find that password in '/root/.mysql_secret'. You must change that password on your first connect, no other statement but 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted. See the manual for the semantics of the 'password expired' flag. Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed. In addition, you can run: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test database. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at http://www.mysql.com Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and will be used by default by the server when you start it. You may edit this file to change server settings
注意：若是安装 MySQL-server-5.5.37-1.el6.i686.rpm ，该版本较低，可能会报错如下：
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.37-1.el6.i686.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.12) is needed by MySQL-server-5.5.37-1.el6.i686
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7) is needed by MySQL-server-5.5.37-1.el6.i686
rpmlib(FileDigests)
此时，可选择安装高版本mysql，或者安装完所有依赖后，再安装mysql（较繁琐）。
1.2、安装MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5.i386.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-client ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost mysql]#
1.3、安装MySQL-devel-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5.i386.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-devel ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost mysql]#
二、测试
通过命令行连接mysql数据库，测试是否安装成功：
输入测试命令如下：
mysql -uroot -p
由于mysql安装后，默认密码为空。
上述命令可能导致登陆失败如下：
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
此时，可尝试如下操作：
先关闭mysql：
service mysql stop
接着以安全模式开启mysql进程（若不先关闭，会报mysql进程已存在），
[root@localhost home]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &mysql -u root
[1] 5257
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
[root@localhost home]# 140910 13:13:08 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
140910 13:13:08 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
再接着重新打开个终端，登陆mysql，修改相应用户的密码：
root@localhost home]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> use mysql;mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD('root') where User='root';
----修改用户访问权限：
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'mysql' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit;
重新登陆：
mysql -uroot -proot 登陆：
--这句话重新设置一次密码！
mysql> SELECT 1;ERROR 1820 (HY000):
You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('root'); 解决办法
安装并登录成功。
三、数据库及数据库实例相关配置：
mysql数据库安装完成后，需要创建数据库实例，需要设置实例的编码，否则使用hibernate写数据时，可能报如下错误：
Hibernate:
insert
into
Operlog
(operCon, operIp, operName, operRes, operSql, operTime, operator)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
- SQL Error: 1366, SQLState: HY000
- Incorrect string value: '\xE7\x94\xA8\xE6\x88\xB7...' for column 'operCon' at row 1
org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: Hibernate operation: could not insert: [com.sunlight.apply.entities.Operlog]; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into Operlog (operCon, operIp, operName, operRes, operSql, operTime, operator) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)]; SQL state [HY000]; error code [1366]; Incorrect string value: '\xE7\x94\xA8\xE6\x88\xB7...' for column 'operCon' at row 1; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xE7\x94\xA8\xE6\x88\xB7...' for column 'operCon' at row 1
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:83)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:80)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:80)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateAccessor.convertJdbcAccessException(HibernateAccessor.java:424)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateAccessor.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateAccessor.java:410)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:424)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374)
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.save(HibernateTemplate.java:694)
at com.sunlight.apply.daoImpl.UserLoginDaoImpl.getUser(UserLoginDaoImpl.java:296)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:307)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:182)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:149)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.invoke(MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.java:50)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:89)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204)
at $Proxy22.getUser(Unknown Source)
at com.sunlight.apply.serviceImpl.UserLoginServiceImpl.login(UserLoginServiceImpl.java:208)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at flex.messaging.services.remoting.adapters.JavaAdapter.invoke(JavaAdapter.java:406)
at flex.messaging.services.RemotingService.serviceMessage(RemotingService.java:183)
at flex.messaging.MessageBroker.routeMessageToService(MessageBroker.java:1417)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.AbstractEndpoint.serviceMessage(AbstractEndpoint.java:878)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.AbstractEndpoint$$FastClassByCGLIB$$1a3ef066.invoke()
at net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:149)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(Cglib2AopProxy.java:700)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:149)
at org.springframework.flex.core.MessageInterceptionAdvice.invoke(MessageInterceptionAdvice.java:66)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.ThrowsAdviceInterceptor.invoke(ThrowsAdviceInterceptor.java:126)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$FixedChainStaticTargetInterceptor.intercept(Cglib2AopProxy.java:582)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.AMFEndpoint$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$7dd536ad.serviceMessage()
at flex.messaging.endpoints.amf.MessageBrokerFilter.invoke(MessageBrokerFilter.java:121)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.amf.LegacyFilter.invoke(LegacyFilter.java:158)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.amf.SessionFilter.invoke(SessionFilter.java:49)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.amf.BatchProcessFilter.invoke(BatchProcessFilter.java:67)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.amf.SerializationFilter.invoke(SerializationFilter.java:146)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.BaseHTTPEndpoint.service(BaseHTTPEndpoint.java:274)
at flex.messaging.endpoints.AMFEndpoint$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$7dd536ad.service()
at org.springframework.flex.servlet.MessageBrokerHandlerAdapter.handle(MessageBrokerHandlerAdapter.java:101)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:875)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:807)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:571)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:511)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:643)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:723)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:861)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:606)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xE7\x94\xA8\xE6\x88\xB7...' for column 'operCon' at row 1
3.1、设置数据库大小写不敏感：
不敏感：无论大写、小写，只要是同一个字母，都认为一样，敏感相反。
/usr/my.cnf配置文件中[mysqld]节点下属性lower_case_table_names的含义：
设置为0：表名以大写方式存储，比较时也是大小写敏感。
设置为1：表名以小写方式存储，比较时大小写不敏感。
设置为2：表名按照给定字符串存储，比较时按小写方式比较。
windows、Mac OS x中由于文件名大小写不敏感，因次windows、mac osx中不能设置为0
windows中默认为 1
mac os x中默认为2
因此我们在linux中设置1即可。
vi /usr/my.cnf
设置后如下：
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
lower_case_table_names=1
重新启动：
service mysql restart
3.2、建库时指定编码：
建立数据库时指定编码
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS my_db default charset utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
3.3、连接数据库时DBURL设置：
示例：
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myDbName?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
3.4、测试
完成上述三步即可测试插入、查询是否成功与乱码。
数据库相关编码查询（成功的）：
[root@localhost home]# mysql -uroot -proot
mysql> use myDbNamemysql> show variables like '%set%' -> ;+---------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| auto_increment_offset | 1 |
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| innodb_monitor_reset | |
| innodb_monitor_reset_all | |
| optimizer_trace_offset | -1 |
| performance_schema_setup_actors_size | 100 |
| performance_schema_setup_objects_size | 100 |
+---------------------------------------+----------------------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
status命令：
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.17, for Linux (i686) using EditLine wrapper
Connection id: 2
Current database: myDbName
Current user: root@
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.6.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: latin1
Db characterset: utf8
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime: 1 hour 19 min 38 sec
Threads: 1 Questions: 43 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 76 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 71 Queries per second avg: 0.008
-------------
四、mysql驱动版本不匹配问题：
在使用sqlyog（mysql驱动版本较低）操作mysql 6所建数据库时，可能会报出如下问题：
Error: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'OPTION SQL_SELECT_LIMIT=DEFAULT' at line 1
SQLState: 42000
ErrorCode: 1064
mysql6移除了mysql5中的该项设置，所以有两种方案，一替换为高版本驱动，另一种更换mysql数据库为mysql5或更低版本。
附：查询数据库版本：
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.6.17 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
五、如何卸载？
以下为rpm安装方式的mysql的卸载过程：
5.1、查看已经安装的mysql rpm包
[root@localhost home]# rpm -qa | grep My
MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5
MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5
[root@localhost home]#
5.2、停止mysql服务：
[root@localhost ~]# service mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL.. [确定]
5.2、删除 已经安装的mysql包 ，不带rpm结尾，为上面命令5.1中查找的结果：
先卸载客户端：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5.i386
root@localhost ~]#
接着卸载其他相关包，如mysql开发包：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e MySQL-devel-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5
[root@localhost ~]#
最后卸载服务端：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.linux_glibc2.5
root@localhost ~]#
有时会出现一些错误或者警告： ... is needed by ... 这说明这个软件被其他软件需要，不能随便卸载 可以用rpm -e --nodeps强制卸载