python爬虫基础教程:requests库(二)代码实例
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2022-04-30 10:29:40
get请求
简单使用
import requests
'''
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get请求
简单使用
import requests ''' 想要学习python?python学习交流群:973783996满足你的需求,资料都已经上传群文件,可以自行下载! ''' response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com/") #text返回的是unicode的字符串,可能会出现乱码情况 # print(response.text) #content返回的是字节,需要解码 print(response.content.decode('utf-8')) # print(response.url) #https://www.baidu.com/ # print(response.status_code) #200 # print(response.encoding) #iso-8859-1
添加headers和params
import requests params = { 'wd':'python' } headers = { 'user-agent':'mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; win64; x64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/64.0.3282.140 safari/537.36' } response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com/s",params=params,headers=headers) #content返回的是字节,需要解码 with open('baidu.html','w',encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(response.content.decode('utf-8'))
post请求
爬去拉钩网职位信息
import requests url = "https://www.lagou.com/jobs/positionajax.json?city=%e5%8c%97%e4%ba%ac&needaddtionalresult=false" data = { 'first':'true', 'pn':1, 'kd':'python' } headers = { "user-agent":"mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; win64; x64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/64.0.3282.140 safari/537.36", "referer":"https://www.lagou.com/jobs/list_python?city=%e5%8c%97%e4%ba%ac&cl=false&fromsearch=true&labelwords=&suginput=" } response = requests.post(url,data=data,headers=headers) # print(response.text) print(type(response.text)) #<class 'str'> print(type(response.json())) #<class 'dict'> print(response.json()) #获取为字典的形式
使用代理
import requests proxy = {'http':'115.210.31.236.55:9000'} response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com/",proxies=proxy) print(response.content.decode('utf-8'))
session登录
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_ import requests # 1. 创建session对象,可以保存cookie值 ssion = requests.session() # 2. 处理 headers headers = {'user-agent':'mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; win64; x64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/60.0.3112.101 safari/537.36'} # 3. 需要登录的用户名和密码 data = {"email":"158xxxxxxxx", "password":"pythonxxxxxxx"} # 4. 发送附带用户名和密码的请求,并获取登录后的cookie值,保存在ssion里 ssion.post("http://www.renren.com/plogin.do", data = data) # 5. ssion包含用户登录后的cookie值,可以直接访问那些登录后才可以访问的页面 response = ssion.get("http://zhibo.renren.com/news/108") # 6. 打印响应内容 print(response.text)
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的python爬虫基础教程:requests库(二)详解整合,希望对大家有所帮助