linux 服务器没有GUI时使用matplotlib库，否则报错_tkinter.TclError: couldn't connect to display "localhost:32.0"

【时间】2019.08.07

【题目】linux 服务器没有GUI时使用matplotlib库，否则报错_tkinter.TclError: couldn't connect to display "localhost:32.0"

 

【问题】linux 服务器没有GUI时使用matplotlib库时，使用了以下代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig1 = plt.figure()
plt.plot(range(10))
fig1.savefig('f1.png')

结果卡在了fig1 = plt.figure()，最后报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 525, in figure
    **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py", line 3218, in new_figure_manager
    return cls.new_figure_manager_given_figure(num, fig)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/_backend_tk.py", line 1008, in new_figure_manager_given_figure
    window = Tk.Tk(className="matplotlib")
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/tkinter/__init__.py", line 1871, in __init__
    self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use)
_tkinter.TclError: couldn't connect to display "localhost:32.0"
 

【解决办法】

需添加：

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Agg')

而且必须添加在import matplotlib.pyplot之前，否则无效

即导入库时用：

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt