SpringBoot+Dubbo+zookeeper 搭建一个简单的单机服务实现RPC调用
目录
一、准备工作
安装zookeeper,我们安装一个单一的zookeeper
这里使用docker方便安装
docker pull zookeeper
docker run --privileged=true -d --name zookeeper --publish 2181:2181 -d zookeeper:latest
测试一下是否安装成功
docker exec -it zookeeper /bin/bash
cd bin
./zkCli.sh
ls /
stat /
安装正常以上是可以出结果的。
二、创建Maven项目
创建一个LearnDubbo的项目,新增两个子模块
1.模块provider-dubbbo 的pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>provider-dubbo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>learnDubboProvider</name>
<description>dubbo生产</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.dubbo.springboot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--引入zookeeper的客户端工具-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.sgroschupf/zkclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml 生产者的配置
spring:
dubbo:
application:
name: provider1-ticket
registry:
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
scan:
base-packages: service
annotation:
package: service
protocol:
name: dubbo
port: 20880
server:
port: 8081
启动类 service.LearnDubboProviderApp
package service;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@SpringBootApplication
@Controller
@EnableDubbo //一个包含3个注解
public class LearnDubboProviderApp{
@Autowired
TicketService ticketService;
@RequestMapping("/")
@ResponseBody
public String home2(){return "Hello World!"+ticketService.getTicket();}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(LearnDubboProviderApp.class, args);
}
}
service.TicketService
package service;
public interface TicketService {
public String getTicket();
}
service.TicketServiceImpl,注意这里的Service是dubbo的,目的是暴漏服务。(这个地方因为springbooot和dubbo的版本问题报错比较折腾,后来发现使用较低版本就好了)
package service;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@Service
public class TicketServiceImpl implements TicketService{
@Override
public String getTicket() {
return "《我和我的家乡》";
}
}
2模块consumer-dubbbo 的pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>consumer-dubbo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>learnDubboConsumer</name>
<description>dubbo消费</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version><exclusions>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.dubbo.springboot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--引入zookeeper的客户端工具-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.sgroschupf/zkclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml 生产者的配置 注意端口是8082
spring:
dubbo:
application:
name: consumer1-ticket
registry:
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
scan:
base-packages: service
annotation:
package: service
protocol:
name: dubbo
port: 20880
server:
port: 8082
启动类 service.LearnDubboConsumerApp 这里 @EnableDubbo 注解可以直接从yml加载,比较契合springboot的特点,强烈推荐,网上说的xml配置dubbo大家感兴趣可以试一试
package service;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.DubboComponentScan;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubboConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@SpringBootApplication
@Controller
@EnableDubbo //消费方不可使用生产方的配置
//@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:dubbo/dubbo-consumer.xml"})
public class LearnDubboConsumerApp{
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/")
@ResponseBody
public String home2(){return userService.hello();}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(LearnDubboConsumerApp.class, args);
}
}
service.TicketService 注意这个interface只是为了访问zookeeper暴漏的服务,不去实现它
package service;
public interface TicketService {
public String getTicket();
}
service.UserService 调用服务的消费方(注意这里@Reference如果报空指针,可检查zookeeper中服务是否成功注册)
package service;
import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class UserService{
@Reference
TicketService ticketService;
public String hello(){
String ticket = ticketService.getTicket();
System.out.println("买到票了:"+ticket);
return "买到票了:"+ticket;
}
}
三、启动工程
1、先启动生产者服务 provider-dubbo;再启动消费者服务consumer-dubbo
2、在浏览器输入 http://localhost:8082
可见 显示 买到票了 《我和我的家乡》,这样我们就成功演示了SpringBoot+Dubbo+zookeeper 搭建一个简单的单机服务实现RPC调用
如果为能成功显示,检查依赖版本号和是否配置问题。
3、如何查看zookeeper是否注册了服务
可回到一、准备阶段,进入zkCli.sh中,输入命令
ls /dubbo/service.TicketService/providers
结果如下
[dubbo%3A%2F%2F192.168.113.189%3A20880%2Fservice.TicketService%3Fanyhost%3Dtrue%26application%3Dprovider1-ticket%26dubbo%3D2.6.0%26generic%3Dfalse%26interface%3Dservice.TicketService%26methods%3DgetTicket%26pid%3D1773%26side%3Dprovider%26timestamp%3D1605245796825]
同理可检查消费者服务是否订阅
ls /dubbo/service.TicketService/consumers
结果如下
[consumer%3A%2F%2F192.168.113.189%2Fservice.TicketService%3Fapplication%3Dconsumer1-ticket%26category%3Dconsumers%26check%3Dfalse%26dubbo%3D2.6.0%26interface%3Dservice.TicketService%26methods%3DgetTicket%26pid%3D1700%26side%3Dconsumer%26timestamp%3D1605244783536]
四、使用dubbo-admin实现服务监控
首先docker拉取,可以直接run等几秒就自动下载,mac下非常方便,对docker不熟悉的童鞋可自习docker容器技术。
docker run --name dubbo-admin -p 8888:8080 --link zookeeper -d qq986945193/david_dubbo_admin
这里运行后使用浏览器 localhost:8888 进入用户名密码都是root,进入后可见如下画面,实现了服务治理的可视化
五、为什么要使用dubbo
dubbo是一个比较简单的微服务架构,轻量级,相比springcloud而言虽功能不及其齐全,但也有可圈可点地方。
我们在不同的服务器之间调用接口当然可以使用http请求,但是这样有很大的问题,每次都需要写发送Http的代码,这样不太好,很不优雅。我们考虑的是能否像本地调用一样呢,所以我们考虑使用RPC,而使用RPC呢dubbo则是一个不错的选择
六、其他可以实现RPC服务
Eureka、Nacos、Consul、CoreDNS、Zookeeper(dubbo)
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