Velocity练习：使用vm模板生成最简单的html页面_html/css_WEB-ITnose

这几天要用到Velocity模板引擎去做一些页面，所以学习了下这个工具。我的jdk版本为 1.8.0_25

需要做的准备工作有：

1、建立一个Java工程，需要引用Velocity相关的jar包，这些jar包可从apache.org下载到最新版本。 下载地址在：http://velocity.apache.org/download.cgi 。我下载的文件是velocity-tools-2.0.zip，将这些文件导入到项目中，就可以使用Velocity进行编码了。

2、安装Eclipse上的Velocity插件Veloedit。因为googlecode被gfw墙掉了，没有条件的朋友们可以安装网上下载到的离线安装版。这里还有一个需要注意，我的Eclipse版本为 Luna Service Release 1 (4.4.1)，这个版本必须要先利用Eclipse自带的update功能，下载“Elipse Tests, Examples, and Extras”。

建立一个JavaProject，取名VelocityTool，里面新建两个java文件。

其中，VelocityHelper.java包含一个Velocity模板转换工具类，代码如下：

import java.io.File;import java.io.FileWriter;import org.apache.velocity.Template;import org.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;import org.apache.velocity.app.Velocity;import org.apache.velocity.app.VelocityEngine;/** *  * @文件名称 VelocityHelper.java * @文件作者 Tsybius2014 * @创建时间 2016年5月10日 下午2:14:01 */public class VelocityHelper {    /**     *      * @param inputVmFilePath     * @param outputHtmlFilePath     * @param context     * @throws Exception     */    public static void generateHtml(String inputVmFilePath, String outputHtmlFilePath,        VelocityContext context) throws Exception {        try {            Velocity.init();            VelocityEngine engine = new VelocityEngine();            Template template = engine.getTemplate(inputVmFilePath, "gbk");            File outputFile = new File(outputHtmlFilePath);             FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(outputFile);            template.merge(context, writer);            writer.close();        } catch (Exception ex) {            throw ex;        }    }}

VelocityTool.java中有main函数，代码如下：

import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Vector;import org.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;/** *  * @文件名称 VelocityTool.java * @文件作者 Tsybius2014 * @创建时间 2016年5月10日 上午10:03:59 */public class VelocityTool {    public static void main(String[] args) {        try {            VelocityContext context= new VelocityContext();            context.put("name", "Kim Jung-un");            context.put("gender", "Male");            context.put("email", "[e-mail]");            context.put("job", "Chairman of the WPK");            context.put("company", "Workers' Party Of Korea (WPK)");            context.put("address", "XXXXXXXXX, Pyongyang, North Korea");            context.put("portraitPath", "file:///C:/Users/Tsybius/Desktop/kju.jpg");            HashMap hashMapContact = new HashMap();            hashMapContact.put("Tel", "XXX-XXXXXXXX");            hashMapContact.put("Fax", "XXX-XXXXXXXX");            hashMapContact.put("Mobile", "XXX-XXXX-XXXX");            context.put("contactItems", hashMapContact);            Vector vectorRemark = new Vector();            vectorRemark.add("Kim Jong-un is the Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea and supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), commonly referred to as North Korea.");            vectorRemark.add("Kim is the son of Kim Jong-il (1941–2011) and the grandson of Kim Il-sung (1912–1994).");            vectorRemark.add("Kim obtained two degrees, one in Physics at Kim Il-sung University, and another as an Army officer at the Kim Il-sung Military University.");            vectorRemark.add("Kim was named the World's 46th Most Powerful Person by the Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People in 2013");            context.put("remarks", vectorRemark);            VelocityHelper.generateHtml(                "velocity_test.vm",                 "C:\\Users\\Tsybius\\Desktop\\output.html",                 context);            System.out.println("生成完毕");        } catch (Exception ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        }    }}

模板velocity_test.vm是一个存储着人物通讯录的模板，代码如下：

#set($docDesc="VelocityTest")#set($docAuthor="Tsybius2014")#set($docDateTime="2016-05-10 14:29:04")#set($docRemark="none")  

Address Book - $!{name}

Name:	$!{name}	Gender:	$!{gender}
E-mail:	$!{email}	Job:	$!{job}
Company:	$!{company}
Address:	$!{address}

Contact:

#foreach($contactItem in $contactItems.entrySet()) #end

	Contact Type	Contact Code
$velocityCount	$contactItem.key	$contactItem.value

Remark:

#foreach($remark in $remarks) #end [$velocityCount] $remark

以JavaApplication的方式运行本工程后，生成的HTML页面output.html如下：

Address Book - Kim Jung-un

Name:	Kim Jung-un	Gender:	Male
E-mail:	[e-mail]	Job:	Chairman of the WPK
Company:	Workers' Party Of Korea (WPK)
Address:	The Dark Side Laboratory, Pyongyang, North Korea

Contact:

	Contact Type	Contact Code
1	Tel	XXX-XXXXXXXX
2	Fax	XXX-XXXXXXXX
3	Mobile	XXX-XXXX-XXXX

Remark:

[1] Kim Jong-un is the Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea and supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), commonly referred to as North Korea. [2] Kim is the son of Kim Jong-il (1941–2011) and the grandson of Kim Il-sung (1912–1994). [3] Kim obtained two degrees, one in Physics at Kim Il-sung University, and another as an Army officer at the Kim Il-sung Military University. [4] Kim was named the World's 46th Most Powerful Person by the Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People in 2013

使用 Firefox 46.0.1 打开此页面后效果图如下：

（部分内容摘自对应人物的*页面）

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