spring boot 1.5.4 集成 jpa+hibernate+jdbcTemplate

1.pom添加依赖

       <!-- spring data jpa,会注入tomcat jdbc pool/hibernate等 -->
　　　　 org.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-data-jpamysqlmysql-connector-java5.1.42

2.添加数据源配置（DataSource啥的，一系列对象spring boot 都会给你注入的，配置配置即可！）

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql:spring.datasource.username==123456--name=-wait=10000-active=300-on-borrow=-size=20

#=====================jpa config================================
#实体类维护数据库表结构的具体行为：update/create/create-drop/validate/none
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
#打印sql语句
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
#格式化输出的json字符串
spring.jackson.serialization.indent_output=true

3.新建实体

@Entity
@Table(name="user")public class User {

    @Id
    @Column(name="id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Integer id;

    @Column(name="number")private String number;

    @Column(name="name")private String name;public Integer getId() {return id;
    }public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;
    }public String getNumber() {return number;
    }public void setNumber(String number) {this.number = number;
    }public String getName() {return name;
    }public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;
    }
}

4.dao层

public interface UserDao{

    User getById(int id);

    User getByNumber(String number);int addUser(User user);void deleteUserById(int id);

    User updateUser(User user);

}

@Repositorypublic class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

    @PersistenceContextprivate EntityManager entityManager;

    @Overridepublic User getById(int id) {//find by primary keyreturn this.entityManager.find(User.class,id);
    }

    @Overridepublic User getByNumber(String number) {
        Query query = this.entityManager.createQuery("from User u where u.number=:number",User.class);
        query.setParameter("number",number);
        User user = (User)query.getSingleResult();return user;
    }

    @Overridepublic int addUser(User user) {this.entityManager.persist(user);//print the id        System.out.println(user.getId());return user.getId();
    }

    @Overridepublic void deleteUserById(int id) {
        User user = this.entityManager.find(User.class,id); //关联到记录，方可删除this.entityManager.remove(user);
    }

    @Overridepublic User updateUser(User user) {
        User userNew = this.entityManager.merge(user);return userNew;
    }
}

5.service层

public interface UserService {

    User getById(int id);

    User getByNumber(String number);int addUser(User user,boolean throwEx);void deleteUserById(int id);

    User updateUser(User user);
}

@Service
@Transactionalpublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowiredprivate UserDao userDao;

    @Override
    @Transactional(readOnly = true)public User getById(int id) {return userDao.getById(id);
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional(readOnly = true)public User getByNumber(String number) {return userDao.getByNumber(number);
    }

    @Overridepublic int addUser(User user,boolean throwEx) {int id= this.userDao.addUser(user);if(throwEx){throw new RuntimeException("throw a ex");
        }return id;
    }

    @Overridepublic void deleteUserById(int id) {this.userDao.deleteUserById(id);
    }

    @Overridepublic User updateUser(User user) {return this.userDao.updateUser(user);
    }


}

6.controller层

@Controller("user1")
@RequestMapping("/jpa/user")public class UserController {/** * 日志（slf4j->logback）     */private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

    @Autowiredprivate UserService userService;/** * 返回text格式数据
     * @param id 主键id
     * @return 用户json字符串     */@RequestMapping("/get/id/{id}")
    @ResponseBodypublic String getUserById(@PathVariable("id")String id){
        logger.info("request /user/get/id/{id}, parameter is "+id);
        User user = userService.getById(Integer.parseInt(id));return JSONObject.toJSONString(user);
    }/** * 返回json格式数据
     * @param number 编号
     * @return 用户     */@RequestMapping("/get/number/{number}")
    @ResponseBodypublic User getUserByNumber(@PathVariable("number")String number){
        User user = userService.getByNumber(number);return user;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/add/{number}/{name}")
    @ResponseBodypublic String addUser(@PathVariable("number")String number,@PathVariable("name")String name,boolean throwEx){
        User user = new User();
        user.setNumber(number);
        user.setName(name);int id = -1;try{
            id = userService.addUser(user,throwEx);
        }catch (RuntimeException ex){
            System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
        }return String.valueOf(id);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/delete/{id}")
    @ResponseBodypublic void getUserById(@PathVariable("id")int id){this.userService.deleteUserById(id);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/update/{id}/{number}/{name}")
    @ResponseBodypublic User addUser(@PathVariable("id")int id, @PathVariable("number")String number, @PathVariable("name")String name){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(id);
        user.setNumber(number);
        user.setName(name);return userService.updateUser(user);
    }
}

7. spring data jpa新使用方式，更高级

1.dao

@Repositorypublic interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {/** * spring data jpa 会自动注入实现（根据方法命名规范）
     * @return */User findByNumber(String number);


    @Modifying
    @Query("delete from User u where u.id = :id")void deleteUser(@Param("id")int id);
}2.servicepublic interface UserService {

    User findById(int id);

    User findByNumber(String number);

    List<User> findAllUserByPage(int page,int size);

    User updateUser(User user,boolean throwEx);void deleteUser(int id);
}

@Service
@Transactionalpublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowiredprivate UserRepository userRepository;

    @Overridepublic User findById(int id) {return this.userRepository.findOne(id);
    }

    @Overridepublic User findByNumber(String number) {return this.userRepository.findByNumber(number);
    }

    @Overridepublic List<User> findAllUserByPage(int page,int size) {
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(page, size);
        Page<User> users =  this.userRepository.findAll(pageable);return users.getContent();
    }

    @Overridepublic User updateUser(User user,boolean throwEx) {
        User userNew = this.userRepository.save(user);if(throwEx){throw new RuntimeException("throw a ex");
        }return userNew;
    }

    @Overridepublic void deleteUser(int id) {this.userRepository.deleteUser(id);
    }
}3.controller

@Controller("user2")
@RequestMapping("/datajpa/user")public class UserController {/** * 日志（slf4j->logback）     */private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

    @Autowiredprivate UserService userService;/** * 返回text格式数据
     * @param id 主键id
     * @return 用户json字符串     */@RequestMapping("/get/id/{id}")
    @ResponseBodypublic String getUserById(@PathVariable("id")String id){
        logger.info("request /user/get/id/{id}, parameter is "+id);
        User user = userService.findById(Integer.parseInt(id));return JSONObject.toJSONString(user);
    }/** * 返回json格式数据
     * @param number 编号
     * @return 用户     */@RequestMapping("/get/number/{number}")
    @ResponseBodypublic User getUserByNumber(@PathVariable("number")String number){
        User user = userService.findByNumber(number);return user;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/get/all/{page}/{size}")
    @ResponseBodypublic List<User> getAllUserByPage(@PathVariable("page")int page,@PathVariable("size")int size){return this.userService.findAllUserByPage(page,size);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/update/{id}/{number}/{name}")
    @ResponseBodypublic User addUser(@PathVariable("id")int id, @PathVariable("number")String number, @PathVariable("name")String name,boolean throwEx){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(id);
        user.setNumber(number);
        user.setName(name);
        User userNew = null;try{
            userService.updateUser(user,throwEx);
        }catch (RuntimeException ex){
            System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
        }return userNew;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/delete/{id}")
    @ResponseBodypublic void getUserById(@PathVariable("id")int id){this.userService.deleteUser(id);
    }


}

8.注入jdbcTemplate和transactionTemplate,使用传统方式操作数据库，更加灵活，方法如下

    @Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Autowiredprivate TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;/** * 手动控制事物测试
     * @param throwEx     */@Overridepublic void testTransactionManually(boolean throwEx) {try {
            transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallback<Boolean>() {/** * 事物代码
                 *
                 * @param transactionStatus 事物状态
                 * @return 是否成功                 */@Overridepublic Boolean doInTransaction(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {
                    User user = new User();
                    user.setId(1);int a = new Random().nextInt(10); //0-9user.setNumber("10000u" + a);
                    jdbcTemplate.update("UPDATE USER SET NUMBER=? WHERE ID=?", new Object[]{user.getNumber(), user.getId()}, new int[]{Types.VARCHAR, Types.INTEGER});if (throwEx) {throw new RuntimeException("try throw exception"); //看看会不会回滚                    }return true;
                }
            });
        }catch (RuntimeException ex){
            System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
        }

    }/** * 手动执行jdbc测试     */@Overridepublic void testJdbcTemplate() {
        User  user = new User();int a = new Random().nextInt(10); //0-9user.setNumber("10000i"+ a );
        user.setName("name"+a);this.jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT into USER(NUMBER,NAME )VALUES (?,?)",user.getNumber(),user.getName());
    }

至此，我已经讲了三种方式（jpa两种+jdbcTemplate）如何操作数据库了，你爱怎么用就怎么用，上述代码均是实践证明可行的！

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