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Hiberante(六) OneToOne_xml 单向和双向关联

程序员文章站 2022-04-22 16:10:57
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OneToOne 单向(随便在那一方加关联)   

    实体类:

    Person.java

  

public class Person {
     
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private IDCard idcard;
   省略get,set   
}

   IDCard.java

 

public class IDCard {
   
	private int id;
	private String no;
   省略get,set
}

  hbm文件 

 

  person.hbm.xml

 

<hibernate-mapping package="org.th.model">
    <class name="Person" table="t_person" >
        <id name="id">
           <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name"></property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

   IDCard.hbm.xml

 

<hibernate-mapping package="org.th.model">
    <class name="IDCard" table="t_idcard" >
        <id name="id">
           <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="no"></property>
        <!-- oneToOne和oneToMany类似,只需要加一个unique="true" 表示一一对应  -->
      <many-to-one name="person" column="pid" unique="true"></many-to-one>
     </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

OneToOne 双向关联(与上面的区别在于)

 

public class IDCard {
   
	private int id;
	private String no;
	private Person person;//加一个person属性  
   省略get,set
}

  

<hibernate-mapping package="org.th.model">
    <class name="Person" table="t_person" >
        <id name="id">
           <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name"></property>
        
        <!--name是属性名称,property-ref表示由对方的属性来维护关系 -->
        <one-to-one name="idcard" property-ref="person" ></one-to-one>  
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 测试方法:

@Test
	public void testAdd01() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
			session.beginTransaction();

			Person person = new Person();
			person.setName("老张");
			session.save(person);

			IDCard idcard = new IDCard();
			idcard.setNo("999");
			idcard.setPerson(person);
			session.save(idcard);

			session.getTransaction().commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			if (session != null)
				session.getTransaction().rollback();
		} finally {
			if (session != null)
				HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}

	@Test
	public void testAdd02() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
			session.beginTransaction();

			Person person = (Person) session.load(Person.class, 1);

			// ConstraintViolationException: Duplicate entry '1' for key 2
			// Many-to-one 当使用了unique=true,就会保证每一个person只能对应一个idcard
			IDCard idcard = new IDCard();
			idcard.setNo("111");
			idcard.setPerson(person); //此时的person已经对应了idcard
			session.save(idcard);

			session.getTransaction().commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			if (session != null)
				session.getTransaction().rollback();
		} finally {
			if (session != null)
				HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Title: testAdd03
	 * @Description: oneToOne 双向关联
	 * @param
	 * @return void 返回类型
	 * @throws
	 */
	@Test
	public void testAdd03() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
			session.beginTransaction();

			session.getTransaction().commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			if (session != null)
				session.getTransaction().rollback();
		} finally {
			if (session != null)
				HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}
@Test
	public void testAdd03() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
			session.beginTransaction();
			/*
			 * 此时,由于使用的是IDCard来维护关系(外键在哪一端就由哪一段来维护)
			 * 通过p.setIdCard就无效,所以关系不会更新
			 */
			IDCard id = new IDCard();
			id.setNo("123");
			session.save(id);
			Person p = new Person();
			p.setName("zzz");
			p.setIdcard(id);
			session.save(p);
			session.getTransaction().commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			if(session!=null) session.getTransaction().rollback();
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testAdd04() {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
			session.beginTransaction();
			Person p = new Person();
			p.setName("zzzzz");
			session.save(p);
			IDCard id = new IDCard();
			id.setNo("12322");
			id.setPerson(p);
			session.save(id);
			session.getTransaction().commit();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			if(session!=null) session.getTransaction().rollback();
		} finally {
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}
  @Test public void testLoad01() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtil.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Person p = (Person) session.load(Person.class, 4); // 只要取出的是没有维护关系的这一方,会自动将关联对象取出,会发出1条sql // 由于person端没有维护关系,所以不会进行延迟加载,所以1条就搞定了 System.out.println(p.getName() + "," + p.getIdcard().getNo()); session.getTransaction().commit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); if (session != null) session.getTransaction().rollback(); } finally { HibernateUtil.close(session); } } @Test public void testLoad02() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtil.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); // 特别注意:如果没有双向,此时会发出2条,一条去idCard,一条延迟加载取person // 有双向关联,此时会发出三条SQL语句 IDCard id = (IDCard) session.load(IDCard.class, 4); // 此时没有使用idCard的Person,会延迟加载,目前只是发出1条SQL System.out.println(id.getNo()); 
 // 要去取person同时也会取出这个person的idCard,这里就不会使用join来取出,所以会发出2条sql System.out.println(id.getPerson().getName()); session.getTransaction().commit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); if (session != null) session.getTransaction().rollback(); } finally { HibernateUtil.close(session); } } /** * 最佳实践就是,One2One的时候最好不要使用双向关联,如果使用双向关联,尽可能在没有维护关系的一边取数据 * hibernate会自动完成join,仅仅只会发一条sql,如果使用维护关系端取数据,在通过延迟加载取关联对象时 * 会同时再去取person的idCard关联,所以会发3条 */