Linux下面误删除文件使用extundelete工具恢复介绍
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2022-04-22 13:28:59
操作系统版本：CentOS release 6.4 (Final) 软件版本：extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2 1.使用rz命令上传extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2到/tmp文件夹下并解压软件。 2.进入到extundelete解压的目录下面，执行编译安装。 3. ......
操作系统版本：CentOS release 6.4 (Final) 软件版本：extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2
1.使用rz命令上传extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2到/tmp文件夹下并解压软件。
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -jxvf extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2
2.进入到extundelete解压的目录下面，执行编译安装。
[root@localhost test]# cd /tmp [root@localhost tmp]# ls extundelete-0.2.4 lrzsz-0.12.20 pulse-0Wu68Rqve4hx extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2 lrzsz-0.12.20.tar.gz virtual-root.b6Z0Gt [root@localhost tmp]# cd extundelete-0.2.4 [root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# ./configure Configuring extundelete 0.2.4 configure: error: Can't find ext2fs library #根据提示找到ext2fs库文件进行安装 [root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# ./configure Configuring extundelete 0.2.4 Writing generated files to disk
[root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# make make -s all-recursive Making all in src [root@localhost extundelete-0.2.4]# make install Making install in src /usr/bin/install -c extundelete '/usr/local/bin'
3.新添加一块硬盘/dev/sdb1并划分区格式化挂载到/test，新建文件和目录如下。
[root@localhost /]# tree test
test
├── 1.txt
├── a
│ ├── a.txt
│ └── b
│ ├── a.txt
│ └── c
│ ├── a.txt
│ └── d
├── a.txt
├── hosts
├── kong.txt
├── lost+found
└── passwd
5 directories, 8 files
4.进入到挂载目录/test，然后删除挂载点里面的文件并卸载磁盘。
[root@localhost /]# rm -rf a a.txt 1.txt hosts kong.txt passwd
[root@localhost /]# ls /test
lost+found
[root@localhost /]# umount /test
5.使用extundelete查看/dev/sdb1目录和文件的inode号。
[root@localhost ~]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --inode 2 NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Group: 0 Contents of inode 2: 0000 | ed 41 00 00 00 10 00 00 f4 6e 9d 5a f2 6e 9d 5a | .A.......n.Z.n.Z 0010 | f2 6e 9d 5a 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 08 00 00 00 | .n.Z............ 0020 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 39 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ........9....... 0030 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0040 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0050 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0060 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0070 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0080 | 1c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 0090 | bd 68 9d 5a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | .h.Z............ 00a0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00b0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00c0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00d0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00e0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ 00f0 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | ................ Inode is Allocated File mode: 16877 Low 16 bits of Owner Uid: 0 Size in bytes: 4096 Access time: 1520266996 Creation time: 1520266994 Modification time: 1520266994 Deletion Time: 0 Low 16 bits of Group Id: 0 Links count: 3 Blocks count: 8 File flags: 0 File version (for NFS): 0 File ACL: 0 Directory ACL: 0 Fragment address: 0 Direct blocks: 825, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 Indirect block: 0 Double indirect block: 0 Triple indirect block: 0 File name | Inode number | Deleted status . 2 .. 2 lost+found 11 1.txt 12 Deleted a 8017 Deleted hosts 13 Deleted passwd 14 Deleted a.txt 15 Deleted kong.txt 16 Deleted
6.使用extundelete命令进行文件和目录的恢复。
(1)通过inode号恢复（文件名会有变更）；
[root@localhost test]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-inode 12 NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded. [root@localhost test]# ls RECOVERED_FILES [root@localhost test]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/ [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# ls file.12 [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# cat file.12 1111
(2)通过文件名恢复；
[root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-file passwd NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded. Successfully restored file passwd [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/ [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# cat passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
(3)通过目录名称恢复(空目录是不会被恢复的);
[root@localhost test]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-directory a
NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored.
Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded.
Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded.
Searching for recoverable inodes in directory a ...
13 recoverable inodes found.
Looking through the directory structure for deleted files ...
7 recoverable inodes still lost.
[root@localhost test]# ls
RECOVERED_FILES
[root@localhost test]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/
[root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# ls
a
[root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# tree a
a
├── a.txt
└── b
├── a.txt
└── c
└── a.txt
2 directories, 3 files
(4)恢复所有文件和目录，不包括空文件和空目录；
[root@localhost test]# extundelete /dev/sdb1 --restore-all NOTICE: Extended attributes are not restored. Loading filesystem metadata ... 41 groups loaded. Loading journal descriptors ... 101 descriptors loaded. Searching for recoverable inodes in directory / ... 13 recoverable inodes found. Looking through the directory structure for deleted files ... 1 recoverable inodes still lost. [root@localhost test]# ls RECOVERED_FILES [root@localhost test]# cd RECOVERED_FILES/ [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# ls 1.txt a a.txt hosts kong.txt passwd [root@localhost RECOVERED_FILES]# tree . ├── 1.txt ├── a │ ├── a.txt │ └── b │ ├── a.txt │ └── c │ └── a.txt ├── a.txt ├── hosts ├── kong.txt └── passwd