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html 与php+MySQL完成前后端交互

程序员文章站 2022-04-19 20:08:45
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1.php连接数据库与基本操作配置
(1)php创建数据库【连接】(相关mysql视频教程推荐:《mysql教程》)
语法:Object mysqli_connect("域名","DB账号","DB密码","DB库名")
例子:$con = mysqli_connect('localhost','root','','frankdb');

(2)向DB中插入数据时包含中文出现乱码的解决方案
语法:

mysqli_query($con,"set names utf8");

说明:设置成功会返回1,根据实际情况并不一定必须保存返回结果。
(3)设置client端和server端保持字符编码一致
语法:

mysqli_query($con,"set character_set_client=utf8");
    mysqli_query($con,"set character_set_results=utf8");	

(4)执行sql语句

语法:$结果 = $DB连接->query(sql语句);
例子:var_dump($result = $con->query($sql));

2.使用sql语句基本【模板】
a.建立连接
b.判断是否连接
c.设置编码
d.创建sql语句
e执行结果条数
g.拼凑结果
h.json化返回

<?php
//a.sql 查询语句
无条件查询,即直接写1即可
//$sql='select * from 哪张表 where 条件';
有条件查询,在where后面写出查询条件,如果多个条件需要用and 或or 来连接。
//$sql="select stuName from stud  where stuScore='100' and stuGender='female'";
//$sql="select stuName from stud  where stuScore='100' or stuGender='female'";
        $con=mysqli_connect('localhost','root','','studb')
        
         if($con){
               echo'<pre>';
               echo'数据库连接成功,等待指令...';
               mysqli_query($con,'set  names utf8');
               mysqli_query($con,'set  character_set_client=utf8');
               mysqli_query($con,'set  character_set_results=utf8');
               $sql="select * from stud where 1";
               $result=$con->query($sql);
               if($result>num_rows>0){
                         $info=[];
                   for($i=0;$row=$result->fet_assoc();$i++){
                                   $info[$i]=$row;
                     }
                     echo json_encode($info);
                  }
               }else{
                    echo'<pre>';
                    echo'数据连接失败,请重新连接‘;
              }

b.插入语句(添加语句)
两种写法:

(1)$sql="insert into 表名(字段1,字段2,...)  values(值1,值2,...)";
(2)$sql='insert into 表名('值1’,'值2',...)";
 $con=mysqli_connect('localhost','root','','studb');
                 if($icon){
                        echo'<pre>';
                        echo'数据库连接成功,等待指令...';
                        mysqli_query($con, 'set names utf8');
                        mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_client=utf8');
                        mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_result=utf8');
                        
                        $sql="insert into  stud  stuName,stuGender,stuAge,stuNum,stuScore)values('lucy','female','14','123456789','90')";
                        $sql="insert into  stud  values('lucy','female','14','123456789','90')";
                        $result=$con->query($sql);
                            if($result){
                               echo'添加成功';
                           }else{
                               echo'添加失败';
                         }

c.修改语句(更新语句)update

$sql="update  表名 set 字段1=‘新值1’,字段2=‘新值2’,... where  条件“;
$con=mysqli_connect('localhost','root','','studb');
   if($con){
                      
echo "<pre>";
                echo "数据库连接成功,等待指令...";
                        mysqli_query($con, 'set names utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_client=utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_results=utf8');
$sql="update  stud  set  stuScore='100' where stuName='lily'";
$result=$con->query($sql);
var_dump($result);
  }else{
        echo "数据库连接失败!!!";
}

d. 删除语句delete

$sql="delete from 表名 where 条件“;
             $con=mysqli_connect('localhost','toot','';'studb' );
                        if($con){
echo "<pre>";
echo "数据库连接成功,等待指令...";
//
mysqli_query($con, 'set names utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_client=utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_results=utf8');
//
$sql = "delete from stud where stuName='lucy'";
$result = $con->query($sql);
var_dump($result);
}else{
echo "数据库连接失败!!!";
}
 
   ?>                      
                         
                         
                ajax & php
                         
         <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<span>姓名:</span><input type="text" class="stuName"><br/>
<span>性别:</span><input type="text" class="stuGender"><br/>
<span>年龄:</span><input type="text" class="stuAge"><br/>
<span>手机:</span><input type="text" class="stuNumber"><br/>
<span>分数:</span><input type="text" class="stuScore"><br/>
<button>增:将上述信息添加至数据库</button><br/>
<button>删:根据姓名删除指定的内容</button><br/>
<button>改:根据姓名修改指定的内容</button><br/>
<button>查:查询数据库中所有的内容</button>
<!-- 1.引入jquery框架 -->
<script src="jquery-1.12.3.min.js"></script>
<script>
$('button:eq(0)').click(function(){
//2.在想要和后台交互的时候,调用$.ajax()方法
//参数是JSON格式
$.ajax({
//3.ajax结构需要一系列参数支持
type:'post',//get|post
url:'http://127.0.0.1/day3/code/lesson6_ajax&php/lesson6_ajax&php.php',
dataType:'json',
data:{
//data是post请求独有的,因为post请求才需要携带数据给后台
stuName:$('.stuName').val(),
stuGender:$('.stuGender').val(),
stuAge:$('.stuAge').val(),
stuNumber:$('.stuNumber').val(),
stuScore:$('.stuScore').val(),
},
//请求完成后,若收到后台返回的数据(收到响应response),这个函数会被自动执行。
success:function(data){
console.log(data);
}
});
});
$('button:eq(1)').click(function(){
});
$('button:eq(2)').click(function(){
});
$('button:eq(3)').click(function(){
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
   <?php             
  
/*
1.内置对象
在php中内置了两个对象用来接收,前端发来的信息。
$_GET 和 $_POST
$_GET用于获取在前端通过get请求发来的信息
$_POST用于获取在前端通过post请求发来的信息
*/
echo json_encode($_POST);
?>                       
                         
        ajax select&php 
        
                   
                    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<span>姓名:</span><input type="text" class="stuName"><br/>
<span>性别:</span><input type="text" class="stuGender"><br/>
<span>年龄:</span><input type="text" class="stuAge"><br/>
<span>手机:</span><input type="text" class="stuNumber"><br/>
<span>分数:</span><input type="text" class="stuScore"><br/>
<button>增:将上述信息添加至数据库</button><br/>
<button>删:根据姓名删除指定的内容</button><br/>
<button>改:根据姓名修改指定的内容</button><br/>
<button>查:查询数据库中所有的内容</button>
<script src="jquery-1.12.3.min.js"></script>
<script>
$('button:eq(0)').click(function(){
//判空操作
var stuNameValue = $('.stuName').val();
var stuGenderValue = $('.stuGender').val();
var stuAgeValue = $('.stuAge').val();
var stuNumberValue = $('.stuNumber').val();
var stuScoreValue = $('.stuScore').val();
if(
stuNameValue.length==0||
stuGenderValue.length==0||
stuAgeValue.length==0||
stuNumberValue.length==0||
stuScoreValue.length==0){
alert('任意某一个输入信息都不能为空!');
return;
}
$.ajax({
type:'post',
url:'http://127.0.0.1/day3/code/lesson7_html&php&mysql/lesson7_html&php&mysql.php',
dataType:'json',
data:{
stuName:$('.stuName').val(),
stuGender:$('.stuGender').val(),
stuAge:$('.stuAge').val(),
stuNumber:$('.stuNumber').val(),
stuScore:$('.stuScore').val(),
},
success:function(data){
console.log(data);
if(data.msg=='add success'){
alert('添加成功');
}else{
alert('添加失败');
}
}
});
});
$('button:eq(1)').click(function(){
});
$('button:eq(2)').click(function(){
});
$('button:eq(3)').click(function(){
$.ajax({
type:'get',
url:'http://127.0.0.1/day3/code/lesson7_html&php&mysql/lesson7_select.php',
dataType:'json',
success:function (data){
console.log(data);
},
error: function (err){
console.log(err);
}
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
     
                         
   <?php
//查询功能的后台php文件
$success = array('status' => 'success');
$error = array('status' => 'error');
$con = mysqli_connect('localhost','root','','studb');
if($con){
mysqli_query($con, 'set names utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_client=utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_results=utf8');
$sql = "select * from gradeonesheet where 1";
$result = $con->query($sql);
if($result->num_rows>0){
$info = [];
for($i=0; $row=$result->fetch_assoc(); $i++){
$info[$i] = $row;
}
//
echo json_encode($info);
}
}
?>             
<?php
//添加数据的
$success = array('status' => 'OK');
$error = array('status' => 'error');
$con = mysqli_connect('localhost','root','','studb');
if($con){
mysqli_query($con, 'set names utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_client=utf8');
mysqli_query($con, 'set character_set_results=utf8');
//
$stuName = $_POST['stuName'];
$stuGender = $_POST['stuGender'];
$stuAge = $_POST['stuAge'];
$stuNumber = $_POST['stuNumber'];
$stuScore = $_POST['stuScore'];
$sql = "insert into gradeonesheet values('$stuName','$stuGender','$stuAge','$stuNumber','$stuScore')";
$result = $con->query($sql);
if($result){
$success['msg'] = 'add success';
echo json_encode($success);
}else{
$error['msg'] = 'add failed';
echo json_encode($error);
}
}else{
$error['msg'] = 'database connect failed';
echo json_encode($error);
}
?>

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