巧用临时表将大结果集转换为小结果集驱动查询

sql如下SELECTDISTINCTo.orders_id,o.oa_order_id,os.orders_status_name,o.order_type,o.date_purchasedASadd_date,dop.resource,dop.country_codeFROMdm_order

sql如下

SELECT DISTINCT o.orders_id, o.oa_order_id,os.orders_status_name, o.order_type, o.date_purchased AS add_date,dop.resource, dop.country_code FROM dm_order_products AS dop LEFT JOIN orders AS o ON o.orders_id=dop.orders_id LEFT JOIN orders_total AS ot ON ot.orders_id=o.orders_id AND ot.class='ot_total' LEFT JOIN orders_status AS os ON os.orders_status_id=o.orders_status WHERE o.date_purchased >= '2014-01-31 10:00:00' AND o.date_purchased 因为需要在大结果集中order by 去重，再显示20条.

表特性是orders(o)表对dm_order_products(dop)表为一对多关系,而取出来的dop.country_code为一个订单号对应唯一值，由于表结构设计问题，每次查询该country_code都需要去dop查询。所以，每次查询都放大结果集，，然后再去重，得到所要的结果集合。

explain

+----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+-------------------------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+-------------------------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | o | range | PRIMARY,date_purchased | date_purchased | 9 | NULL | 952922 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | SIMPLE | ot | ref | idx_orders_total_orders_id,class | idx_orders_total_orders_id | 4 | banggood_work.o.orders_id | 3 | | | 1 | SIMPLE | os | ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | banggood_work.o.orders_status | 1 | | | 1 | SIMPLE | dop | ref | orders_id | orders_id | 4 | banggood_work.o.orders_id | 2 | | +----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+-------------------------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+

索引情况使用正常，但是发现需要扫描一个大结果集.

profiling，执行时间为将近20s

mysql> show profile cpu,block io for query 1; +--------------------------------+-----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ | Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out | +--------------------------------+-----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ | starting | 0.000025 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | Waiting for query cache lock | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | checking query cache for query | 0.000080 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | checking permissions | 0.000005 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | checking permissions | 0.000003 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | checking permissions | 0.000003 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | checking permissions | 0.000006 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | Opening tables | 0.000034 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | System lock | 0.000012 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | Waiting for query cache lock | 0.000024 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | init | 0.000046 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | optimizing | 0.000018 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | statistics | 0.000193 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | preparing | 0.000054 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | Creating tmp table | 0.000031 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | executing | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | Copying to tmp table | 12.491533 | 3.039538 | 3.107527 | 11896 | 824 | | Sorting result | 0.030709 | 0.034995 | 0.004000 | 16 | 496 | | Sending data | 0.000048 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | end | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | removing tmp table | 0.010108 | 0.000000 | 0.010998 | 8 | 32 | | end | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | query end | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | closing tables | 0.000012 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | freeing items | 0.000338 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | logging slow query | 0.000006 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | | logging slow query | 0.000033 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 8 | | cleaning up | 0.000006 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |

可以看到Copying to tmp table 占了大部分的cpu时间和io,最后sorting result占比重不大。

我们可以上面描述的结合特性，是否能够去掉Copying to tmp table 选项！因为是根据orders_id排序，取出最新的20条数据，如果我们在orders表中先把20条数据取出来，再和对应的表连接，这样一来，就将整个大结果Copying to tmp table 再排序这一步去掉！

看sql语句如下

SELECT DISTINCT o.orders_id, o.oa_order_id,os.orders_status_name, o.order_type, o.date_purchased AS add_date,dop.resource, dop.country_code FROM ( SELECT * FROM orders AS o WHERE o.date_purchased >= '2014-01-31 10:00:00' AND o.date_purchased | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 20 | Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | PRIMARY | dop | ref | orders_id | orders_id | 4 | o.orders_id | 2 | | | 1 | PRIMARY | ot | ref | idx_orders_total_orders_id,class | idx_orders_total_orders_id | 4 | o.orders_id | 3 | | | 1 | PRIMARY | os | ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | o.orders_status | 1 | | | 2 | DERIVED | o | index | date_purchased | PRIMARY | 4 | NULL | 330 | Using where | +----+-------------+------------+-------+----------------------------------+----------------------------+---------+-----------------+------+---------------------------------+