欢迎您访问程序员文章站本站旨在为大家提供分享程序员计算机编程知识!
您现在的位置是: 首页  >  web前端

关于CSS布局技巧的总结分享

程序员文章站 2022-04-19 10:07:21
...

单列布局

水平居中

  1. 父元素text-align:center;子元素:inline-block;

  • 优点:兼容性好;

  • 不足:需要同时设置子元素和父元素

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .child {
            display: inline-block;
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
    </body>
    </html>
  1. 子元素margin:0 auto;

  • 优点:兼容性好

  • 缺点:需要指定宽度

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            margin:0 auto;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
  1. 子元素{display:table;margin:0 auto;}

  • 优点:只需要对自身进行设置

  • 不足:IE6,7需要调整结构

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            margin:0 auto;
            display:table;margin:0 auto;s
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
  1. 父元素:relative;子元素:absolute;left:50%;margin-left:-宽度的一半

  • 优点:兼容性好

  • 缺点:需要知道子元素的宽度

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 50%;
            margin-left: -150px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
  1. 父元素:relative;子元素:absolute;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,0);

  • 优点:兼容性差

  • 缺点:不需要知道子元素的宽度

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            left: 50%;
            transform: translate(-50%,0);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
  1. 弹性盒子:父元素:display:flex;justify-content:center;

  • 优点:简单

  • 缺点:兼容性差

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
    </body>
    </html>

垂直居中

  1. vertical-align:center;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>水平居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display:table-cell;
            vertical-align:middle;
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            vertical-align:middle;
            line-height:450px;            
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            display:inline-block;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
<!-- 这种方法需要知道父元素和子元素的高度,父元素的line-height的值为父元素高度减去子元素高度的一半。-->
  1. 父元素:position:relative;子元素:positon:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate(0,-50%);

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            position: relative;
            top: 0;
            left: 0;          
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            position: absolute;
            top: 50%;
            left:0;
            transform: translate(0,-50%);
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
  1. 父元素:position:relative;子元素:positon:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:-子元素高度的一半;

  2. 父元素:display:flex;align-items:center;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;        
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>

水平垂直居中

  1. 父元素:display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;
    子元素;display:inline-block;

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>垂直居中1</title>
    <style>
        .parent {
            width: 500px;
            height: 400px;
            background: red;
            display:table-cell;
            vertical-align:middle;
            text-align:center; 
        }
        .child {
            width: 300px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
            display: inline-block;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="parent">
        <p class="child"></p>
    </p>
</body>
</html>
  1. 父元素:position:relative;
    子元素:position:absolute

    以上就是关于CSS布局技巧的总结分享的详细内容,更多请关注其它相关文章!