我使用过的Linux命令之unzip - 解压zip文件
用途说明
zip文件是一种常用的压缩文件格式，WinZip、WinRar等压缩软件都支持zip文件格式，就连java的jar包也是zip格式的，Firefox插件xpi文件也是zip格式的。Linux在zip文件上的支持也是很周到的，它提供了zip、unzip和zcat等命令来支持。本文的主题是讲一下使用unzip命令来解压zip格式的压缩文件。当我们需要把Windows上的很多文件（比如一个目录中的所有文件）上传到Linux时，可以先把这些文件打包到一个zip文件中，然后再上传，再在Linux下利用unzip进行解压，这比一个一个上传好得多。
常用参数
在linux下解压zip文件，最简单的方式就是unzip命令直接跟上要解压的zip文件。
unzip <zip-file>
上面的用法是把文件解压到当前目录下，如果要把文件解压到指定的目录下，需要用到-d参数。
unzip -d <dst-dir> <zip-file>
解压的时候，有时候不想覆盖已经存在的文件，那么可以加上-n参数。
unzip -n <zip-file>
unzip -n -d <dst-dir> <zip-file>
有时候，我们只想看一下zip压缩包中包含哪些文件，就可以使用-l参数。
unzip -l <zip-file>
我们在使用WinZip或WinRar的时候，它显示的文件列表还包含压缩比率，unzip命令使用-v命令也可以看到这些信息。
unzip -v <zip-file>
我们经常会碰到这种情况，从网上下载的zip文件可能不完整，在使用WinZip或WinRar打开的时候，会报错，unzip提供了-t参数来检查zip文件是否损坏。
unzip -t <zip-file>
使用示例
示例一 解压tinyxml开发包
tinyxml是一个解析XML的C++开发包，它小巧玲珑，简单易用。
[root@rhel55 c++]# ls tinyxml_2_6_1.zip -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 296068 10-22 14:25 tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
[root@rhel55 c++]# unzip tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
Archive: tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
creating: tinyxml/
inflating: tinyxml/changes.txt
creating: tinyxml/docs/
inflating: tinyxml/docs/annotated.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classes.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment.html
extracting: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration.html
extracting: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlHandle-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlHandle.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText.html
extracting: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlVisitor-members.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlVisitor.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlVisitor.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/deprecated.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/doxygen.css
inflating: tinyxml/docs/doxygen.png
inflating: tinyxml/docs/files.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/functions.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/functions_0x63.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/functions_0x64.html
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inflating: tinyxml/docs/functions_func.html
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inflating: tinyxml/docs/functions_rela.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/functions_vars.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/hierarchy.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/index.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/pages.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/tab_b.gif
inflating: tinyxml/docs/tab_l.gif
inflating: tinyxml/docs/tab_r.gif
inflating: tinyxml/docs/tabs.css
inflating: tinyxml/docs/tinystr_8h_source.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/tinyxml_8h_source.html
inflating: tinyxml/docs/tutorial0.html
inflating: tinyxml/echo.dsp
inflating: tinyxml/Makefile
inflating: tinyxml/readme.txt
inflating: tinyxml/tinystr.cpp
inflating: tinyxml/tinystr.h
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxml.cpp
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxml.dsw
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxml.h
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxml.sln
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxml_lib.dsp
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxml_lib.vcproj
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxmlerror.cpp
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxmlparser.cpp
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxmlSTL.dsp
inflating: tinyxml/tinyxmlSTL.vcproj
inflating: tinyxml/tinyXmlTest.dsp
inflating: tinyxml/tinyXmlTest.vcproj
inflating: tinyxml/tinyXmlTestSTL.dsp
inflating: tinyxml/tinyXmlTestSTL.vcproj
inflating: tinyxml/utf8test.gif
inflating: tinyxml/utf8test.xml
inflating: tinyxml/utf8testverify.xml
inflating: tinyxml/xmltest.cpp
[root@rhel55 c++]#
示例二 解压tinyxml开发包到/opt/devtools目录
/opt目录常用来存放用户软件的目录，比如我们通常把oracle数据库安装在/opt目录。
这里我们把tinyxml开发包解压到/opt/devtools目录下，其中devtools子目录并不存在，执行该命令时候，这个目录自动创建了。
[root@rhel55 c++]# unzip -d /opt/devtools tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
Archive: tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
creating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/changes.txt
creating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/annotated.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classes.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment.html
extracting: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration.html
extracting: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlHandle-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlHandle.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter-members.html
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inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText.html
extracting: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText.png
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown-members.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown.html
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inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlVisitor-members.html
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inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/index.html
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inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/tab_b.gif
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inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/tab_r.gif
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/tabs.css
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/tinystr_8h_source.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/tinyxml_8h_source.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/docs/tutorial0.html
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/echo.dsp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/Makefile
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/readme.txt
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinystr.cpp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinystr.h
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxml.cpp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxml.dsw
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxml.h
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxml.sln
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxml_lib.dsp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxml_lib.vcproj
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxmlerror.cpp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxmlparser.cpp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxmlSTL.dsp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyxmlSTL.vcproj
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyXmlTest.dsp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyXmlTest.vcproj
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyXmlTestSTL.dsp
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/tinyXmlTestSTL.vcproj
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/utf8test.gif
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/utf8test.xml
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/utf8testverify.xml
inflating: /opt/devtools/tinyxml/xmltest.cpp
[root@rhel55 c++]#
示例三 解压文件，不覆盖已经存在的文件
[root@rhel55 c++]# unzip -n -d /opt/devtools tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
Archive: tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
[root@rhel55 c++]#
示例四 查看zip文件中包含的文件列表
[root@rhel55 c++]# unzip -l tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
Archive: tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
Length Date Time Name
-------- ---- ---- ----
0 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/
14898 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/changes.txt
0 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/
3796 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/annotated.html
2809 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classes.html
8304 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute-members.html
15523 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute.html
401 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlAttribute.png
3890 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase-members.html
16033 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase.html
1470 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlBase.png
19288 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment-members.html
7737 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment.html
518 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlComment.png
20501 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration-members.html
10823 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration.html
557 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDeclaration.png
24057 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument-members.html
30742 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument.html
535 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlDocument.png
23787 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement-members.html
30888 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement.html
514 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlElement.png
5695 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlHandle-members.html
25214 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlHandle.html
18771 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode-members.html
60709 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode.html
1303 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlNode.png
5515 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter-members.html
14684 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter.html
380 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlPrinter.png
19711 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText-members.html
10566 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText.html
485 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlText.png
18804 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown-members.html
7013 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown.html
521 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlUnknown.png
3643 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlVisitor-members.html
8524 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlVisitor.html
386 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/classTiXmlVisitor.png
2622 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/deprecated.html
7131 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/doxygen.css
1281 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/doxygen.png
1548 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/files.html
4052 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions.html
4729 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x63.html
3362 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x64.html
4191 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x65.html
4063 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x66.html
3584 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x67.html
4078 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x69.html
3828 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x6c.html
4046 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x6e.html
3473 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x6f.html
4600 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x70.html
4139 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x71.html
3823 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x72.html
5492 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x73.html
6167 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x74.html
3462 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x75.html
5012 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_0x76.html
1932 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_enum.html
3977 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func.html
4654 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x63.html
3287 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x64.html
4116 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x65.html
3988 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x66.html
3509 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x67.html
4003 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x69.html
3753 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x6c.html
3861 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x6e.html
4525 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x70.html
4064 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x71.html
3748 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x72.html
5417 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x73.html
6092 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x74.html
3277 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x75.html
4937 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_func_0x76.html
2063 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_rela.html
1929 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/functions_vars.html
2343 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/hierarchy.html
24431 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/index.html
1215 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/pages.html
35 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/tab_b.gif
706 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/tab_l.gif
2585 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/tab_r.gif
1844 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/tabs.css
28921 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/tinystr_8h_source.html
203302 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/tinyxml_8h_source.html
23226 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/docs/tutorial0.html
4457 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/echo.dsp
3502 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/Makefile
19831 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/readme.txt
2602 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinystr.cpp
8783 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinystr.h
36435 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxml.cpp
1315 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxml.dsw
64316 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxml.h
2535 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxml.sln
3475 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxml_lib.dsp
5676 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxml_lib.vcproj
1780 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxmlerror.cpp
37193 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxmlparser.cpp
3518 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxmlSTL.dsp
5656 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyxmlSTL.vcproj
4189 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyXmlTest.dsp
5336 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyXmlTest.vcproj
4453 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyXmlTestSTL.dsp
5447 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/tinyXmlTestSTL.vcproj
14812 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/utf8test.gif
690 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/utf8test.xml
692 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/utf8testverify.xml
41492 03-23-10 13:16 tinyxml/xmltest.cpp
-------- -------
1163603 113 files
[root@rhel55 c++]#
示例五 显示更详细的文件信息列表，包括压缩比率等
[root@rhel55 c++]# unzip -v tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
Archive: tinyxml_2_6_1.zip
Length Method Size Ratio Date Time CRC-32 Name
-------- ------ ------- ----- ---- ---- ------ ----
0 Stored 0 0% 03-23-10 13:16 00000000 tinyxml/
14898 Defl:X 6510 56% 03-23-10 13:16 32a9eb00 tinyxml/changes.txt
0 Stored 0 0% 03-23-10 13:16 00000000 tinyxml/docs/
3796 Defl:X 1116 71% 03-23-10 13:16 4bd0b7b5 tinyxml/docs/annotated.html
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