Android编程连接MongoDB及增删改查等基本操作示例

本文实例讲述了android编程连接mongodb及增删改查等基本操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

mongodb简介

mongodb，分布式文档存储数据库，由c++语言编写，旨在为web应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案。mongodb是一个高性能，开源，无模式的文档型数据库,是当前nosql数据库中比较热门的一种。它在许多场景下可用于替代传统的关系型数据库或键/值存储方式。mongo使用c++开发。

mongo安装参考

1）下载安装包文件，解压到某一文件夹下。
官方下载地址：http://www.mongodb.org/downloads
2）配置环境变量：在path后添加安装路径。
3）启动mongo数据库：
进入“cmd”->键入“mongod --dbpath d:\amp\mongodbdata”
d:\amp\mongodbdata 表示数据库文件存储路径
4）启动mongo客户端：
mongo 127.0.0.1:27017/admin

android 连接mongodb

步骤1：下载并导入jar包到工程
步骤2：安装mongodb到pc端（参见mongodb安装）
步骤3：编写代码连接mongodb实现简单操作（增删改查）

代码参考（android端，也适用于java等工程）

1.  mongodbutil.java

package com.hills.happytest.utils;
import java.util.list;
import org.bson.types.objectid;
import com.mongodb.basicdbobject;
import com.mongodb.db;
import com.mongodb.dbcollection;
import com.mongodb.dbcursor;
import com.mongodb.dbobject;
import com.mongodb.mongo;
/**
 * class name: mongodbutil.java
 * function:
 *     the util that mongodb operate.
 *   modifications:
 *
 * @author gym yung.
 * @datetime 2014-10-29 下午1:56:49
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class mongodbutil {
  static mongo connection = null;
  static db db = null;
  public mongodbutil(string dbname) throws exception
  {
    connection = new mongo("10.0.2.2:27017");
    db = connection.getdb(dbname);
  }
  public static mongo getconnection() {
    return connection;
  }
  /**
   * create a blanket collection.
   * @param collname :collection name.
   */
  public void createcollection(string collname)
  {
    dbobject dbs = new basicdbobject();
    dbs.put("test", "test");
    db.createcollection(collname, dbs);
  }
  /**
   * insert dbobject into collection.
   * @param dbobject
   * @param collname
   */
  public void insert(dbobject dbobject,string collname)
  {
    dbcollection collection = db.getcollection(collname);
    collection.insert(dbobject);
  }
  /**
   * insert dbobject list into collection.
   * @param dbobjects
   * @param collname
   */
  public void insertbatch(list<dbobject> dbobjects,string collname)
  {
    dbcollection collection = db.getcollection(collname);
    collection.insert(dbobjects);
  }
  /**
   * delete data by id.
   * @param id
   * @param collname
   * @return
   */
  public int deletebyid(string id,string collname)
  {
    dbcollection collection = db.getcollection(collname);
    dbobject dbs = new basicdbobject("_id", new objectid(id));
    int counts = collection.remove(dbs).getn();
    return counts;
  }
  /**
   * delete data by condition.
   * @param dbobject
   * @param collname
   * @return
   */
  public int deletebydbs(dbobject dbobject,string collname)
  {
    dbcollection collection = db.getcollection(collname);
    int count = collection.remove(dbobject).getn();
    return count;
  }
  /**
   * update data.
   * @param find
   * @param update
   * @param upsert
   * @param multi
   * @param collname
   * @return
   */
  public int update(dbobject find,dbobject update,boolean upsert,boolean multi,string collname)
  {
    dbcollection collection = db.getcollection(collname);
    int count = collection.update(find, update, upsert, multi).getn();
    return count;
  }
  /**
   * find data with page.
   * @param ref
   * @param keys
   * @param start
   * @param limit
   * @param collname
   * @return
   */
  public dbcursor findwithpage(dbobject where,dbobject selection,int start,int limit,string collname)
  {
    dbcursor cursor = findnopage(where, selection, collname);
    return cursor.limit(limit).skip(start);
  }
  /**
   * find data no page.
   * @param ref
   * @param keys
   * @param collname
   * @return
   */
  public dbcursor findnopage(dbobject where,dbobject selection,string collname)
  {
    dbcollection collection = db.getcollection(collname);
    dbcursor cursor = collection.find(where, selection);
    return cursor;
  }
}

2. mongodbdao.java

package com.hills.happytest.utils;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
import com.mongodb.basicdbobject;
import com.mongodb.dbcursor;
import com.mongodb.dbobject;
/**
 * class name: mongodbdao.java
 * function:
 *     the data dao that mongodb operate.
 *   modifications:
 *
 * @author administrator
 * @datetime 2014-10-29 下午1:57:58
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class mongodbdao {
  private static mongodbutil mongodb;
  // init. mongodbutil.
  static{
    try {
      mongodb = new mongodbutil("test");
    } catch (exception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
  }
  /**
   * test create a blanket collection.
   * @param collname :collection name.
   */
  public void createcollectiontest(string collname)
  {
    mongodb.createcollection(collname);
  }
  /**
   * test insert dbobject into collection.
   * @param collname collection name.
   */
  public void inserttest(string collname)
  {
    dbobject dbs = new basicdbobject();
    dbs.put("name", "gymyung");
    dbs.put("age", 20);
    list<string> books = new arraylist<string>();
    books.add("extjs");
    books.add("mongdb");
    books.add("java");
    dbs.put("books", books);
    mongodb.insert(dbs, collname);
  }
  /**
   * test insert dbobject list into collection.
   * @param collname collection name.
   */
  public void insertbatchtest(string collname)
  {
    list<dbobject> dbobjects = new arraylist<dbobject>();
    dbobject jim2 = new basicdbobject("name", "jim2");
    dbobject liuting = new basicdbobject();
    liuting.put("name", "liuting");
    liuting.put("age", "22");
    dbobjects.add(jim2);
    dbobjects.add(liuting);
    mongodb.insertbatch(dbobjects, collname);
  }
  /**
   * test delete data by id.
   * @param collname collection name.
   * @return operate result code.
   */
  public int deletebyidtest(string collname)
  {
    int counts = mongodb.deletebyid("54507d19cbbd7a385c129ef5", collname);
    return counts;
  }
  /**
   * test delete data by condition.
   * @param collname collection name.
   * @return operate result code.
   */
  public int deletebydbstest(string collname)
  {
    dbobject jim2 = new basicdbobject("name", "jim2");
    int count = mongodb.deletebydbs(jim2, collname);
    return count;
  }
  /**
   * test update data.
   * @param collname collection name.
   * @return operate result code.
   */
  public int updatetest(string collname)
  {
    dbobject liuting = new basicdbobject();
    dbobject liuting2 = new basicdbobject();
    liuting2.put("$set", new basicdbobject("gender", "female"));
    int count = mongodb.update(liuting, liuting2, false, true, collname);
    return count;
  }
  /**
   * test find data with page.
   * @param collname collection name.
   * @return string list result.
   */
  public list<string> findwithpagetest(string collname)
  {
    dbcursor cursor = mongodb.findwithpage(null, null, 0, 3, collname);
    return convertcursortolist(cursor);
  }
  /**
   * test find data with condition.
   * @param collname collection name.
   * @return string list result.
   */
  public list<string> findwithconditiontest(string collname)
  {
    dbobject where = new basicdbobject();
    where.put("age", new basicdbobject("$lte", 26));
    where.put("gender", "female");
    dbcursor cursor = mongodb.findnopage(where, null,collname);
    return convertcursortolist(cursor);
  }
  /**
   * test find data no page.
   * @param collname collection name.
   * @return string list result.
   */
  public list<string> findnopagetest(string collname)
  {
    dbobject keys = new basicdbobject();
    keys.put("_id", false);
    keys.put("name", true);
    keys.put("age", true);
    dbcursor cursor = mongodb.findnopage(null, keys, collname);
    return convertcursortolist(cursor);
  }
  /**
   * convert cursor to list.
   * @param cursor required dbcursor.
   * @return string list result.
   */
  private list<string> convertcursortolist(dbcursor cursor)
  {
    list<string> results = new arraylist<string>();
    while(cursor.hasnext())
    {
      dbobject dbobject = cursor.next();
      for(string key : dbobject.keyset())
      {
        results.add("{"+key+":"+dbobject.get(key)+"}");
      }
    }
    return results;
  }
}

3. testactivity.java

package com.hills.happytest;
import java.util.list;
import android.app.activity;
import android.app.alertdialog;
import android.content.dialoginterface;
import android.os.asynctask;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.onclicklistener;
import android.widget.button;
import com.hills.happytest.utils.mongodbdao;
import com.hills.happytest.utils.mongodbutil;
/**
 * class name: testactivity.java
 * function:
 *     test mongodb operate on android device.
 *   modifications:
 *
 * @author gym yung.
 * @datetime 2014-10-29 下午1:53:40
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class testactivity extends activity implements onclicklistener{
  /************** component in layout. ***************/
  private button mongotestbtn1;
  private button mongotestbtn2;
  private button mongotestbtn3;
  private button mongotestbtn4;
  private button mongotestbtn5;
  private button mongotestbtn6;
  private button mongotestbtn7;
  private button mongotestbtn8;
  // the object use to mongodb operate.
  private mongodbdao mongodbdao;
  // the collection name in mongodb.
  private string collname = "androiddb";
  /************** operate code ********************/
  private final int create_collection_test = 100;
  private final int insert_test = 101;
  private final int insert_batch_test = 102;
  private final int delete_by_id_test = 103;
  private final int delete_by_dbs_test = 104;
  private final int update_test = 105;
  private final int find_with_page_test = 106;
  private final int find_nopage_test = 107;
  @override
  protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.mongodb_test);
    findviewandsetlistener();
    mongodbdao = new mongodbdao();
  }
  /**
   * function:
   *   find view and set listener.
   * @author administrator
   * @datetime 2014-10-29 下午1:08:50
   */
  private void findviewandsetlistener() {
    mongotestbtn1 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn1);
    mongotestbtn2 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn2);
    mongotestbtn3 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn3);
    mongotestbtn4 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn4);
    mongotestbtn5 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn5);
    mongotestbtn6 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn6);
    mongotestbtn7 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn7);
    mongotestbtn8 = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.mongodb_btn8);
    mongotestbtn1.setonclicklistener(this);
    mongotestbtn2.setonclicklistener(this);
    mongotestbtn3.setonclicklistener(this);
    mongotestbtn4.setonclicklistener(this);
    mongotestbtn5.setonclicklistener(this);
    mongotestbtn6.setonclicklistener(this);
    mongotestbtn7.setonclicklistener(this);
    mongotestbtn8.setonclicklistener(this);
  }
  @override
  public void onclick(view v) {
    myasynctast myasynctast = new myasynctast();
    switch(v.getid()){
    case r.id.mongodb_btn1:
      myasynctast.execute(create_collection_test);
      break;
    case r.id.mongodb_btn2:
      myasynctast.execute(insert_test);
      break;
    case r.id.mongodb_btn3:
      myasynctast.execute(insert_batch_test);
      break;
    case r.id.mongodb_btn4:
      myasynctast.execute(delete_by_id_test);
      break;
    case r.id.mongodb_btn5:
      myasynctast.execute(delete_by_dbs_test);
      break;
    case r.id.mongodb_btn6:
      myasynctast.execute(update_test);
      break;
    case r.id.mongodb_btn7:
      myasynctast.execute(find_with_page_test);
      break;
    case r.id.mongodb_btn8:
      myasynctast.execute(find_nopage_test);
      break;
    }
  }
  /**
   * class name: testactivity.java
   * function:
   *     execute internet task by async...
   *   modifications:
   *
   * @author administrator
   * @datetime 2014-10-29 下午1:54:34
   * @version 1.0
   */
  class myasynctast extends asynctask<object, object, object>{
    @override
    protected object doinbackground(object... params) {
      object result = null;
      switch(integer.parseint(params[0].tostring()))
      {
        case create_collection_test:
          mongodbdao.createcollectiontest(collname);
          break;
        case insert_test:
          mongodbdao.inserttest(collname);
          break;
        case insert_batch_test:
          mongodbdao.insertbatchtest(collname);
          break;
        case delete_by_id_test:
          result = mongodbdao.deletebyidtest(collname);
          break;
        case delete_by_dbs_test:
          result = mongodbdao.deletebydbstest(collname);
          break;
        case update_test:
          result = mongodbdao.updatetest(collname);
          break;
        case find_with_page_test:
          result = mongodbdao.findwithpagetest(collname);
          break;
        case find_nopage_test:
          result = mongodbdao.findnopagetest(collname);
          break;
      }
      return result;
    }
    @suppresswarnings("unchecked")
    @override
    protected void onpostexecute(object result) {
      if(result instanceof integer)
      {
        showdialogwithtext("操作结果码："+result.tostring());
      }else if(result instanceof list)
      {
        string restext = "";
        for(string res : ((list<string>) result))
        {
          restext += res + "\n";
        }
        showdialogwithtext("操作结果\n："+restext);
      }
      super.onpostexecute(result);
    }
  }
  /**
   * function:
   *   show dialog with text.
   * @author administrator
   * @datetime 2014-10-29 下午1:21:34
   * @param text
   */
  private void showdialogwithtext(string text)
  {
    alertdialog.builder builder = new alertdialog.builder(this);
    builder.seticon(r.drawable.ic_launcher);
    builder.settitle("mongodb操作结果");
    builder.setmessage(text);
    builder.setneutralbutton("确定", new dialoginterface.onclicklistener()
    {
      @override
      public void onclick(dialoginterface dialog, int which)
      {
        dialog.dismiss();
      }
    });
    builder.create().show();
  }
  @override
  protected void ondestroy() {
    // close mongodb connection if it is not null.
    if(mongodbutil.getconnection() != null)
    {
      mongodbutil.getconnection().close();
    }
    super.ondestroy();
  }
}

4.  添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.internet"/>

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