PyQt5结合matplotlib绘图的实现示例

参考网上的例子，实现了简单的matplotlib pyqt5绘图 

相关知识点：
 （1）pyqt5中添加控件要在布局中添加
 （2）布局可以使用replacewidget替换控件
 （3）信号与槽机制

timer = qtcore.qtimer(self)
timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)

self.btnplot.clicked.connect(self.plotbutton_callback)

实现的效果

import sys
from pyqt5 import qtcore, qtgui, uic
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import qmainwindow, qaction, qapp, qapplication, qmessagebox, qvboxlayout, qsizepolicy, qwidget

from pyqt5.qtgui import qicon
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import figurecanvasqtagg as figurecanvas
from matplotlib.figure import figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

qtcreatorfile = "matplotlib_ui.ui"
# 使用uic加载
ui_mainwindow, qtbaseclass = uic.loaduitype(qtcreatorfile)

class mymplcanvas(figurecanvas):
  """这是一个窗口部件，即qwidget（当然也是figurecanvasagg）"""
  def __init__(self, parent=none, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
    fig = figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
    self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
    # 每次plot()调用的时候，我们希望原来的坐标轴被清除(所以false)
    self.axes.hold(false)
    self.axes.grid('on')

    self.compute_initial_figure()

    #
    figurecanvas.__init__(self, fig)
    self.setparent(parent)

    figurecanvas.setsizepolicy(self,
                  qsizepolicy.expanding,
                  qsizepolicy.expanding)
    figurecanvas.updategeometry(self)

  def compute_initial_figure(self):
    pass

class mystaticmplcanvas(mymplcanvas):
  """静态画布：一条正弦线"""
  def compute_initial_figure(self):
    t = np.arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01)
    s = np.sin(2 * np.pi * t)
    self.axes.grid('on')
    self.axes.plot(t, s)


class mydynamicmplcanvas(mymplcanvas):
  """动态画布：每秒自动更新，更换一条折线。"""
  def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    mymplcanvas.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
    timer = qtcore.qtimer(self)
    timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)
    timer.start(1000)

  def compute_initial_figure(self):
    self.axes.grid('on')
    self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 0, 4], 'r')

  def update_figure(self):
    # 构建4个随机整数，位于闭区间[0, 10]
    l = [np.random.randint(0, 10) for i in range(4)]
    self.axes.grid('on')
    self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], l, 'r')
    self.draw()

class myapp(qmainwindow, ui_mainwindow):

  def __init__(self):
    qmainwindow.__init__(self)
    ui_mainwindow.__init__(self)
    super().__init__()

    self.initui()
    self.initbtn()
    self.initframe()

  def initframe(self):
    self.main_widget = self.frame
    self.layout = qvboxlayout(self.main_widget)
    self.f = mymplcanvas(self.main_widget)
    self.layout.addwidget(self.f)

  def initui(self):        

    self.setupui(self)
    self.setwindowtitle("pyqt5结合matplotlib绘图")
    self.setwindowicon(qicon("rocket.ico"))  # 设置图标，linux下只有任务栏会显示图标

    self.show()

  def initbtn(self):
    self.btnplot.clicked.connect(self.plotbutton_callback)
    self.btnplot.settooltip("button")     

  def plotbutton_callback(self):

    self.drawframe()

  def drawframe(self):

    sc = mystaticmplcanvas(self.main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
    dc = mydynamicmplcanvas(self.f, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
    self.layout.addwidget(sc)
    self.layout.replacewidget(self.f,dc) # 替换控件

if __name__ == '__main__':

  app = qapplication(sys.argv)
  ex = myapp()
  sys.exit(app.exec_())

参考链接：

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