学API接口测试，致富植发（X）——RESTful接口

仰望高级玩家：

https://www.jianshu.com/p/65ab865a5e9f

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27026603/article/details/82012277

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看了看，想了想，抄了抄，还是太高深了。。。

我从简 orz

 

一、定义

RESTful接口只是指一种REST风格的接口，HTTP就是该架构风格的一个典型应用。

二、特点：

1. 使用url表示资源   

2. 使用请求方法表示对资源的操作

• GET 查询

• POST 新增

• PUT 更新

• DELETE 删除

 

传统风格的接口（使用动词）：

查询学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/query?name=tom  
新增学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/add?name=tom
更新学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/update?name=tom
删除学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/delete?name=tom

 

REST风格的接口（使用名词<name>:）：

查询学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/tom  
新增学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/tom
更新学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/tom
删除学生信息：http://127.0.0.1:8000/student/tom

 

来呀来呀，敲下代码呀快活呀~

1、创建工程、创建app（这个方式创建的app会自动添加到settings.py）

2、数据库绝对路径改成相对路径

3、创建学生数据库

4、创建学生表

5、先定义个接口试试水

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import *
# Create your views here.

def get_student_info(request,name):
    if request.method=="GET":
        print("name:",name)
        return JsonResponse({"result": 1,"msg": "success"})
    else:
        return JsonResponse({"result": 2,"msg": "fail"})

6、映射路径

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from student.views import *

urlpatterns = [
    path("student/<name>",get_student_info),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

7、启动服务器

8、浏览器访问

9、先在数据库添加一条数据

10、完善接口

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import *
from student.models import Student
# Create your views here.

def get_student_info(request,name):
    # 查询学生信息
    if request.method=="GET":
        print("name:",name)
        s=Student.objects.filter(name=name)
        if len(s)==0:
            content={"result": 1,"msg": "query fail","data": None}
        else:
            s=s[0]
            content={"result": 0,"msg": "query success","data":
                {"name": s.name,"age": s.age,"sex": s.sex,"classid":s.s_class}}
        return JsonResponse(content)
    # 查删除学生信息
    elif request.method=="DELETE":
        return JsonResponse({"result": 0,"msg": "delete success"})
    # 修改学生信息
    elif request.method=="PUT":
        return JsonResponse({"result": 0,"msg": "update success"})
    else:
        return HttpResponseNotAllowed(["GET","DELETE","PUT"])

def add_student_info(request):
    # 新增学生信息
    if request.method!="POST" :
        return HttpResponseNotAllowed(["POST"])
    return JsonResponse({"result": 0,"msg": "success"})


from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import *
from student.models import Student
# Create your views here.

def get_student_info(request,name):
    # 查询学生信息
    if request.method=="GET":
        print("name:",name)
        s=Student.objects.filter(name=name)
        if len(s)==0:
            content={"result": 1,"msg": "query fail","data": None}
        else:
            s=s[0]
            content={"result": 0,"msg": "query success","data":
                {"name": s.name,"age": s.age,"sex": s.sex,"classid":s.s_class}}
        return JsonResponse(content)
    # 查删除学生信息
    elif request.method=="DELETE":
        ret=Student.objects.filter(name=name).delete()
        if ret[0]==1:
            return JsonResponse({"result": 0,"msg": "delete success"})
        else:
            return JsonResponse({"result": 2,"msg": "delete fail"})
    # 修改学生信息
    elif request.method=="PUT":
        return JsonResponse({"result": 0,"msg": "update success"})
    else:
        return HttpResponseNotAllowed(["GET","DELETE","PUT"])

def add_student_info(request):
    # 新增学生信息
    if request.method!="POST" :
        return HttpResponseNotAllowed(["POST"])
    return JsonResponse({"result": 0,"msg": "success"})

11、映射接口

"""web_rest URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from student.views import *

urlpatterns = [
    path("student/<name>",get_student_info),
    path("student", add_student_info),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]